scholarly journals The British Conservative Party in the Age of Universal Suffrage: Popular Conservatism, 1918-1929

1999 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 342
Author(s):  
Larry L. Witherell ◽  
Neal R. McCrillis
Keyword(s):  
Conservative Party ◽  
Universal Suffrage

Proportional Representation in Sweden

1925 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 582-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nils Herlitz
Keyword(s):  
Public Life ◽  
Conservative Party ◽  
Proportional Representation ◽  
Lower House ◽  
Universal Suffrage

Fifteen years ago the principle of majority elections became applicable to all phases of public life in Sweden; and along with the movement for democratization there developed the idea of proportional representation. This principle was urged especially by Conservatives, who feared that if elections to Andra Kammaren (the Lower House) should be based upon universal suffrage with the retention of the majority system, the Conservative party would be completely annihilated.

scholarly journals The Norwegian Workers’ Education Association: A Midwife of Labor's Breakthrough in Norway

2016 ◽  
Vol 90 ◽  
pp. 176-185
Author(s):  
Aslak Leesland
Keyword(s):  
Trade Unions ◽  
Conservative Party ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Local Elections ◽  
Liberal Party ◽  
Political Dominance ◽  
Universal Suffrage ◽  
Education Association ◽  
Right To Vote ◽  
The Right

Norway in the year 1900 would be more easily recognizable to a person from the global South than to a citizen of present-day Norway. One of Europe's smallest countries, with a population of 2.2 million, it was also one of the poorest. Still a predominantly agrarian country, it suffered from the side effects of early industrialization that other European countries had known for decades. Under pressure from a growing labor movement and an increasingly restive citizenry, the Liberal Party was spearheading reformist social policies and further democratization in Norway, whereas the Conservative Party resisted such reforms. A third party—the Norwegian Labour party—was founded by some local trade unions in 1887, but remained a marginal influence at the turn of the century even if the party won sixteen percent of the votes cast in the election of 1900. However, it was about to begin its meteoric rise from obscurity to political dominance. In 1899 a number of trade unions came together to found a national superstructure—the LO—with 1,500 registered members. This prompted employers to do the same. The Employers’ Association dates back to the year 1900. Next, the right to vote was extended to new groups of voters. Before 1898 only men with an income above a certain minimum could participate in elections, but universal suffrage for men was introduced in 1898. Women were then given the right to vote in local elections in 1910 and in parliamentary elections in 1913. These reforms were introduced by the Liberal Party.

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