scholarly journals Effect of Water on Morphological Development in Seedlings of Three Range Grasses: Root Branching Patterns

1991 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas A. Johnson ◽  
Lucrecia Aguirre
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Development ◽  
Root Branching ◽  
Effect Of Water ◽  
Branching Patterns ◽  
Range Grasses

Evaluation of sorghum root branching using fractals

1998 ◽  
Vol 131 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. A. MASI ◽  
J. W. MARANVILLE
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Root Branching ◽  
The Us ◽  
Branching Patterns ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Sorghum Genotypes ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Root Box

Root branching and architecture play a significant role in water and nutrient uptake, but description of these parameters has not been easy due to the difficulty of observing roots in their natural arrangement. Fractal geometry offers a novel method for studying the branching patterns of roots. Plants of ten diverse sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) genotypes (five of African origin, three of US origin and two hybrids composed of African×US lines) were grown in root boxes containing 80% sand and 20% fine-textured Sharpsburg silty clay loam topsoil. The root fractal dimension (D) and abundance (log K) were determined at nine regions within the profile. Roots were washed free of growth media and photographic slides were taken of each region. Values of D and log K were determined by projecting photographs onto grids of progressively increasing sizes. The number of intersects was regressed on log grid size. Differences in D were found among genotypes (1·44[les ]D[les ]1·89) suggesting that these sorghum genotypes may be associated with greater root branching patterns. Greater fractal dimension (branching) and abundance values occurred in the 0–35 and 35–70 cm depths of the soil profile within the root box, indicating a greater root distribution in that part of the profile. Significant differences were also noted in branching patterns for sorghum genotypes derived from different sources. In general, the African sorghums were more branched and deeper rooted than the US-derived genotypes. Results indicated that fractal dimension can be used for the description of sorghum root system morphology and provides a good measure of branching patterns which can be distinguished.

scholarly journals Repression of early lateral root initiation events by transient water deficit in barley and maize

2012 ◽  
Vol 367 (1595) ◽  
pp. 1534-1541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurélie Babé ◽  
Tristan Lavigne ◽  
Jean-Philippe Séverin ◽  
Kerstin A. Nagel ◽  
Achim Walter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Developmental Plasticity ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Root System Architecture ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Root Branching ◽  
Branching Patterns ◽  
Primary Determinant ◽  
Key Driver

The formation of lateral roots (LRs) is a key driver of root system architecture and developmental plasticity. The first stage of LR formation, which leads to the acquisition of founder cell identity in the pericycle, is the primary determinant of root branching patterns. The fact that initiation events occur asynchronously in a very small number of cells inside the parent root has been a major difficulty in the study of the molecular regulation of branching patterns. Inducible systems that trigger synchronous lateral formation at predictable sites have proven extremely valuable in Arabidopsis to decipher the first steps of LR formation. Here, we present a LR repression system for cereals that relies on a transient water-deficit treatment, which blocks LR initiation before the first formative divisions. Using a time-lapse approach, we analysed the dynamics of this repression along growing roots and were able to show that it targets a very narrow developmental window of the initiation process. Interestingly, the repression can be exploited to obtain negative control root samples where LR initiation is absent. This system could be instrumental in the analysis of the molecular basis of drought-responsive as well as intrinsic pathways of LR formation in cereals.

scholarly journals Root Type-Specific Reprogramming of Maize Pericycle Transcriptomes by Local High Nitrate Results in Disparate Lateral Root Branching Patterns

2016 ◽  
Vol 170 (3) ◽  
pp. 1783-1798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Yu ◽  
Jutta A. Baldauf ◽  
Andrew Lithio ◽  
Caroline Marcon ◽  
Dan Nettleton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Root ◽  
Root Branching ◽  
Branching Patterns

Scanning Electron Microscopy and x-ray analysis of microparticles and early hydration effects

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 692-693
Author(s):  
Yun Lu ◽  
David C. Joy
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Morphological Development ◽  
Early Hydration ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Blended Cements ◽  
Powder Particles ◽  
Chemical Wastes ◽  
Scanning Electron

High resolution scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDXA) were performed to investigate microparticles in blended cements and their hydration products containing sodium-rich chemical wastes. The physical appearance of powder particles and the morphological development at different hydration stages were characterized by using high resolution SEM Hitachi S-900 and by SEM S-800 with a EDX spectrometer. Microparticles were dispersed on the sample holder and glued by 1% palomino solution. Hydrated bulk samples were dehydrated by acetone and mounted on the holder by silver paste. Both fracture surfaces and flat cutting sections of hydrating samples were prepared and examined. Some specimens were coated with an 3 nm thick Au-Pd or Cr layer to provide good conducting surfaces. For high resolution SEM S-900 observations the accelerating voltage of electrons was 1-2 KeV to protect the electron charging. Microchemical analyses were carried out by S800/EDS equipped with a LINK detector of take-off angle =40°.

SEM study of the morphological effects of kinetin and zeatin on the growth and development of the apical meristem in wheat

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 978-979
Author(s):  
G. M. Hutchins ◽  
J. S. Gardner
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Furfuryl Alcohol ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Morphological Development ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Chinese Spring Wheat ◽  
Sem Study ◽  
Moist Environment

Cytokinins are plant hormones that play a large and incompletely understood role in the life-cycle of plants. The goal of this study was to determine what roles cytokinins play in the morphological development of wheat. To achieve any real success in altering the development and growth of wheat, the cytokinins must be applied directly to the apical meristem, or spike of the plant. It is in this region that the plant cells are actively undergoing mitosis. Kinetin and Zeatin were the two cytokinins chosen for this experiment. Kinetin is an artificial hormone that was originally extracted from old or heated DNA. Kinetin is easily made from the reaction of adenine and furfuryl alcohol. Zeatin is a naturally occurring hormone found in corn, wheat, and many other plants.Chinese Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was used for this experiment. Prior to planting, the seeds were germinated in a moist environment for 72 hours.

Effect of water shortage on six potato genotypes in the highlands of Bolivia (II): water relations, physiological parameters

Agronomie ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christophe Tourneux ◽  
Andr� Devaux ◽  
Maria Ren� Camacho ◽  
Pablo Mamani ◽  
Jean-Fran�ois Ledent
Keyword(s):  
Water Relations ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Effect Of Water

EFFECT OF WATER CONTENT ON PROPERTIES OF Na2O, 3SiO2 GLASSES

1982 ◽  
Vol 43 (C9) ◽  
pp. C9-455-C9-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Takata ◽  
M. Tomozawa ◽  
J. Acocella ◽  
J. Molinelli ◽  
C. Y. Erwin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Effect Of Water
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