Life-History Effects of Chemical Immobilization and Radiocollars on Mountain Goats

1998 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steeve D. Cote ◽  
Marco Festa-Bianchet ◽  
Francois Fournier
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Chemical Immobilization ◽  
History Effects ◽  
Mountain Goats

Delayed life history effects, multilevel selection, and evolutionary trade-offs in the California tiger salamander

Ecology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher A. Searcy ◽  
Levi N. Gray ◽  
Peter C. Trenham ◽  
H. Bradley Shaffer
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Multilevel Selection ◽  
Tiger Salamander ◽  
History Effects ◽  
Trade Offs

Aggregation Status and Cue Type Modify Tadpole Response to Chemical Cues

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devin B. Preston ◽  
M. R. J. Forstner
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Chemical Cues ◽  
Response Strength ◽  
Population Viability ◽  
Antipredator Response ◽  
History Effects ◽  
Honestly Significant Difference ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
Reduced Activity

Abstract Many anuran larvae exhibit an antipredator response to chemical cues released by potential predators. The genus Bufo is no exception, as many bufonids exhibit an antipredator response (e.g., reduction in activity) to the presence (recent and current) of predators. Using a mesocosm experiment in a field laboratory setting, we tested solo and groups of Bufo (Incilius) nebulifer tadpoles for an antipredator response to chemical cues produced by 1) the presence of anisopteran nymphs (kairomone cue) and 2) the predation of conspecifics by anisopteran nymphs (a combination of diet and alarm cues, which we termed predation cue). We quantified the magnitude of the response by calculating response strength. We analyzed data with a blocked ANOVA followed by a Tukey's honestly significant difference analysis. We found that chemical cue type (kairomone vs. predation) affected response strength, but aggregation status (solo vs. group) did not. Furthermore, solo tadpoles and groups of tadpoles reduced their activity in response to predation cues, whereas only solo tadpoles reduced their activity in response to kairomone cues, a heretofore unobserved phenomenon. Our results suggest that B. nebulifer tadpoles modulate their response to specific types of chemical cues depending on their aggregation status. As reduced activity comes at a cost to resource acquisition and growth, aggregation status may indirectly affect the life history of B. nebulifer. The elucidation of these potential life history effects may aid managers in estimating anuran population viability.

Costs and benefits of post-weaning associations in mountain goats

Behaviour ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 155 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Charest Castro ◽  
Mathieu Leblond ◽  
Steeve D. Côté
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
The Body ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Maternal Characteristics ◽  
Oreamnos Americanus ◽  
Lactating Mothers ◽  
Mountain Goats

Abstract To better understand the potential costs and benefits of prolonged parental care in gregarious species, we studied post-weaning associations in a marked population of mountain goats (Oreamnos americanus) monitored for 22 years. We calculated the occurrence and frequency of associations involving 1- and 2-year-old juveniles. We investigated (1) the influence of maternal characteristics and population size on the formation of post-weaning associations, (2) the short-term costs of associations on maternal reproductive success, and (3) the short-term benefits of associations on life-history traits of juveniles. We found that barren mothers associated more frequently with 1-year-olds than summer yeld and lactating mothers. Associations with 2-year-olds tended to increase the probability that a mother would be barren the following year. Post-weaning associations did not influence the body mass of newborn kids nor the body mass and survival of juveniles. We discuss how benefits for associated juveniles may appear later in life.

Phenotypic plasticity in gender specific life-history: effects of food availability and predation

Oikos ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 110 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk Johannes Mikolajewski ◽  
Tomas Brodin ◽  
Frank Johansson ◽  
Gerrit Joop
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Phenotypic Plasticity ◽  
Food Availability ◽  
History Effects ◽  
Gender Specific

Energetic endpoints provide early indicators of life history effects in a freshwater gastropod exposed to the fungicide, pyraclostrobin

2016 ◽  
Vol 211 ◽  
pp. 183-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bridgette N. Fidder ◽  
Evelyn G. Reátegui-Zirena ◽  
Adric D. Olson ◽  
Christopher J. Salice
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
History Effects ◽  
Freshwater Gastropod ◽  
Early Indicators

scholarly journals Life History Effects on Neutral Diversity Levels of Autosomes and Sex Chromosomes

Genetics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 215 (4) ◽  
pp. 1133-1142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Amster ◽  
Guy Sella
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Sex Chromosomes ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Genetic Data ◽  
Mutation Rates ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Diversity Patterns ◽  
History Effects ◽  
Generation Times ◽  
Male To Female

Understanding the determinants of neutral diversity patterns on autosomes and sex chromosomes provides a bedrock for the interpretation of population genetic data; in particular, differences between the two informs our understanding of sex-specific demographic and mutation processes. While sex-specific age-structure and variation in reproductive success have long been known to affect neutral diversity, theoretical descriptions of these effects were complicated and lacking in generality, stymying attempts to relate diversity patterns of species with their life history. Here, we derive general yet simple expressions for these effects. In particular, we show that life history effects on X-to-autosome ratios of pairwise diversity levels (X:A diversity ratios) depend only on the male-to-female ratios of mutation rates, generation times, and reproductive variances. Our results reveal that changing the male-to-female ratio of generation times has opposite effects on X:A ratios of diversity and divergence. They also explain how sex-specific life histories modulate the response of X:A diversity ratios to changes in population size. More generally, they clarify that sex-specific life history—generation times in particular—should have marked effects on X:A diversity ratios in many taxa and enable further investigation of these effects.

scholarly journals A “Population Dynamics” Perspective on the Delayed Life-History Effects of Environmental Contaminations: An Illustration with a Preliminary Study of Cadmium Transgenerational Effects over Three Generations in the Crustacean Gammarus

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (13) ◽  
pp. 4704
Author(s):  
Pauline Cribiu ◽  
Alain Devaux ◽  
Laura Garnero ◽  
Khédidja Abbaci ◽  
Thérèse Bastide ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Transgenerational Effects ◽  
Cascading Effects ◽  
Delayed Effects ◽  
Parental Exposure ◽  
History Effects ◽  
Freshwater Crustacean ◽  
One Year

We explore the delayed consequences of parental exposure to environmentally relevant cadmium concentrations on the life-history traits throughout generations of the freshwater crustacean Gammarus fossarum. We report the preliminary results obtained during a challenging one-year laboratory experiment in this environmental species and propose the use of population modeling to interpret the changes in offspring life-history traits regarding their potential demographic impacts. The main outcome of this first long-term transgenerational assay is that the exposure of spawners during a single gametogenesis cycle (3 weeks) could result in severe cascading effects on the life-history traits along three unexposed offspring generations (one year). Indeed, we observed a decrease in F1 reproductive success, an early onset of F2 offspring puberty with reduced investment in egg yolk reserves, and finally a decrease in the growth rate of F3 juveniles. However, the analysis of these major transgenerational effects by means of a Lefkovitch matrix population model revealed only weak demographic impacts. Population compensatory processes mitigating the demographic consequences of parental exposure seem to drive the modification of life-history traits in offspring generations. This exploratory study sheds light on the role of population mechanisms involved in the demographic regulation of the delayed effects of environmental toxicity in wild populations.

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