Body Composition, Energy Content, and Lipid Cycles of Two Species of Pocket Gophers (Geomys bursarius and Pappogeomys castanops) in Kansas

1976 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 185 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. H. Fehrenbacher ◽  
Eugene D. Fleharty
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Pocket Gophers ◽  
Geomys Bursarius

Genic and Chromosomal Differentiation in Pocket Gophers of the Geomys bursarius Group

Evolution ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert K. Selander ◽  
Donald W. Kaufman ◽  
Robert J. Baker ◽  
Stephen L. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Pocket Gophers ◽  
Chromosomal Differentiation ◽  
Geomys Bursarius

Body chemical composition of churra lambs at 20kg live-weigth: effect of level of milk-intake and Protein content in the post-weaning diet

1994 ◽  
Vol 1994 ◽  
pp. 212-212
Author(s):  
T. Manso ◽  
A.R. Mantecó ◽  
T. Castro ◽  
P. Lavin
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Compensatory Growth ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Milk Intake ◽  
Period 2 ◽  
Ad Libitum Intake ◽  
Composition Changes

Body composition changes in animals undergoing compensatory growth and these response vary with the age or stage of maturity at which the restriction is applied and with the undegradable protein in the diet during post-restriction period (O'Donovan, 1984; Ryan, 1990).This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of level of intake during milk-fed period and the energy/protein relationship during post-weaning period on changes in carcass, non-carcass and empty body weigth (EBW) components in lambs slaughtered at 20 Kg live weigth (LW).A total of 16 lambs of Churra breed were used in a comparative slaughter experiment to determinate the effect of level of intake during milk-fed period (4 weeks) and the protein supplement in the diet during post-weaning period on chemical body composition at 20 Kg LWThe lambs were assigned to a 2×2×4 factorial design, defined by 2 levels of milk intake (High: 1.5 MJ GE/Kg LW°75/day and Low: 0.9 MJ GE/kg LW°75/day) during milk-fed period, 2 post-weaning concentrate supplements (HP: barley grain plus 200g/kg fish meal and LP: barley) and 4 lambs per treatment.All lambs were individually penned. During post-weaning period low quality hay and concentrate were independently offered ad libitum. Intake and LW were recorded daily and three times a week respectively. At slaughter (20Kg LW), EBW was estimated and carcass and non-carcass chemical composition (water, fat, ash and protein) and energy content was measured.

ESTIMATING BODY COMPOSITION OF LAMBS USING BOMB CALORIMETRY

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 1127-1129 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. DEGEN ◽  
M. KAM ◽  
R. W. BENJAMIN ◽  
R. KÖNIG ◽  
K. BECKER
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Animal Production ◽  
Bomb Calorimetry ◽  
Total Energy Content ◽  
Body Energy

Chemical composition and body energy content of animals are important measurements in studies of animal production. However, determinations of fat and protein contents are laborious and time consuming. In this study, we describe a method in which fat and protein contents can be estimated in lambs by measuring ash contents and energy yields of samples. Errors in estimating total energy content of a sample were within 1.22%. With certain modifications, this method should be applicable to all animals. Key words: Body composition, bomb calorimetry, body energy content, fat, protein, ash

scholarly journals Cestodes of the genus Hymenolepis Weinland, 1858 sensu stricto from pocket gophers Geomys and Thomomys spp. (Rodentia: Geomyidae) in Colorado and Oregon, with a discriminant analysis of four species of Hymenolepis

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 896-903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Lyell Gardner ◽  
Gerald D. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Pocket Gophers ◽  
Laboratory Rats ◽  
Individual Host ◽  
Geomys Bursarius

Cestodes found to represent previously undescribed members of the genus Hymenolepis s.str. (Yamaguti 1959) were recovered from pocket gophers, Geomys bursarius (Shaw), in northeastern Colorado. Hymenolepis weldensis n.sp. and Hymenolepis geomydis n.sp., not occurring together in any individual host, were found in 3 and 8%, respectively, of pocket gophers examined for helminths. The life cycle of H. weldensis was completed in the laboratory using beetles, Tenebrio molitor (L.), as intermediate hosts, and pocket gophers of three genera (Geomys, Thomomys, and Pappogeomys) as definitive hosts. Development of H. weldensis did not occur in laboratory rats, Rattus norvegicus (Berkenhout). Morphologic relationships four species of Hymenolepis (H. diminuta, H. tualatinensis, H. weldensis, and H. geomydis) were analyzed using multiple discriminant function analysis, which clearly allocated individual cestodes to the respective groups and discriminated species.

Mofification of body composition by clenbuterol in normal and dystrophic (mdx) mice

1985 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 755-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy J. Rothwell ◽  
Michael J. Stock
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mdx Mice ◽  
Body Protein ◽  
Lower Protein ◽  
Dystrophic Mice ◽  
Β2 Agonist

Female dystrophic mice (mdx on C57 Black background) gained weight more rapidly than age-matched controls and had a higher body fat content (% body weight), a slightly lower protein content and a reduced mass of muscle. Chronic treatment (21 d) of the mice with the β2-agonist clenbuterol stimulated weight gain in both genotypes without affecting energy intake. Clenbuterol increased the mass of the gastrocnemius and soleus muscle by 13% and 29% in normal and dystrophic mice, respectively, and raised body protein but depressed body fat. Body water and energy content were unaffected by clenbuterol, but the ratio of protein to fat in the carcasses was enhanced by 17% in normal and 56% in dystrophic mice following clenbuterol treatment. Thus, the β2-agonist restored the body composition of dystrophic mice to normal and enhanced the protein to fat ratio in both these and normal mice.

Seasonal patterns in body mass, body composition, and water transfer rates of free-ranging and captive black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus sitkensis) in Alaska

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (7) ◽  
pp. 1397-1404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine L. Parker ◽  
Michael P. Gillingham ◽  
Thomas A. Hanley ◽  
Charles T. Robbins
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Odocoileus Hemionus ◽  
Water Transfer ◽  
Transfer Rates ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Odocoileus Hemionus Sitkensis ◽  
Free Ranging

Body mass, body composition, and water transfer rates were determined over a continuous 2-year period in nine free-ranging Sitka black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus sitkensis). Body masses showed a cyclical pattern, declined 14 – 31% between October and March, and were best described by a five-parameter, biologically based regression model. The amount of mass lost by black-tailed deer over winter depended on the peak body mass attained during fall. During winter, animals used 70 – 82% of their body fat and 10 – 15% of their protein reserves. Body fat was preferentially mobilized at rates 2.3 – 11.6 times higher than protein. Because of the higher energy content of fat, fat accounted for 83 – 92% of the catabolized energy. Water transfer rates varied seasonally with average summer values approximately four times those of winter; lactating deer had significantly higher rates of water transfer than nonlactating animals. Seasonal changes in all of the above parameters for wild deer were greater than those for eight deer of the same age in captivity.

Changes in body composition during the winter gestation period in mature beef cows grazing different herbage allowances of native grasslands

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 520 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Casal ◽  
A. L. Astessiano ◽  
A. C. Espasandin ◽  
A. I. Trujillo ◽  
P. Soca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Gestation Period ◽  
Body Protein ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Gross Energy

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of controlling the grazing intensity of native pastures, through the herbage allowances (HA) on body composition (water, protein, and fat) of beef cows of different cow genotype (CG; purebred: Angus and Hereford; PU, and crossbred: reciprocal F1; CR). Mature beef cows (n = 32) were used in a complete randomised block design with a factorial arrangement of HA (2.5 vs 4 kg DM/day; LO vs HI) and CG (PU vs CR). The experiment was conducted during 3 years and at the end of the third year at 150, 210, and 240 ± 10 days of gestation and 190 ± 10 days postpartum body composition was estimated using the urea dilution technique. At 192 ± 10 days postpartum cows were slaughtered and all tissues and organs were weighed and samples were collected for chemical composition analyses. During the winter gestation period, body condition score was greater (P < 0.05) in HI than LO cows and in CR than PU cows. Relative body water (g/kg of empty bodyweight) was greater (P ≤ 0.02) in HI than LO cows and in CR than PU cows, whereas relative body protein did not differ between HI and LO, but tended (P = 0.10) to be greater in CR than PU cows. In contrast, relative body fat tended (P = 0.10) to be greater and gross energy content was greater (P < 0.01) in HI than LO cows, whereas they did not differ between CR and PU cows. Relative body water increased (P < 0.01) from 150 to 210 days of gestation for all cows whereas relative body fat decreased (P < 0.05) and body protein increased (P < 0.05) from 150 to 210 days of gestation in PU but not in CR cows. These results suggest that HI maintained greater body condition score and retained gross energy content when compared with LO cows, and CG affected not only body composition (greater body fat and protein in CR than PU cows) but also composition of mobilised/retained weight during the winter gestation period with a greater protein tissue mobilisation in CR than PU cows.

External Parasites of Pocket Gophers, Geomys bursarius, from Indiana

1972 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard C. Tuszynski ◽  
John O. Whitaker
Keyword(s):  
Pocket Gophers ◽  
Geomys Bursarius

scholarly journals 25 Years of Research in Human Lactation: From Discovery to Translation

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 3071
Author(s):  
Donna Tracy Geddes ◽  
Zoya Gridneva ◽  
Sharon Lisa Perrella ◽  
Leon Robert Mitoulas ◽  
Jacqueline Coral Kent ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Infant Growth ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Milk Secretion ◽  
Human Lactation ◽  
Growth Development

Researchers have recently called for human lactation research to be conceptualized as a biological framework where maternal and infant factors impacting human milk, in terms of composition, volume and energy content are studied along with relationships to infant growth, development and health. This approach allows for the development of evidence-based interventions that are more likely to support breastfeeding and lactation in pursuit of global breastfeeding goals. Here we summarize the seminal findings of our research programme using a biological systems approach traversing breast anatomy, milk secretion, physiology of milk removal with respect to breastfeeding and expression, milk composition and infant intake, and infant gastric emptying, culminating in the exploration of relationships with infant growth, development of body composition, and health. This approach has allowed the translation of the findings with respect to education, and clinical practice. It also sets a foundation for improved study design for future investigations in human lactation.

Environmental implications of middle to late Holocene plains pocket gophers in Southeast Missouri

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 175-191
Author(s):  
James J Krakker ◽  
Linda A Krakker
Keyword(s):  
Late Holocene ◽  
Before Present ◽  
Pocket Gopher ◽  
Environmental Implications ◽  
Pocket Gophers ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Middle Holocene ◽  
Southeast Missouri ◽  
Geomys Bursarius

Plains pocket gopher, Geomys bursarius, a grassland inhabitant, is common among the mammal taxa identified on the southeast Ozark margin at the Lepold site, 23RI59, Ripley County, Missouri. Its presence throughout the midden depth, whether an incidental inclusion or human prey, implies that a favorable habitat existed in the immediate vicinity. As radiocarbon dates indicate midden deposition began about 7500 radiocarbon years before present, grassland was a component of the local vegetation beginning in the middle Holocene, if not before.

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