Wheat Diseases and Disease Resistance in the Turkey Wheat Region

1974 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
John F. Schafer
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Wheat Diseases

scholarly journals A membrane-bound ankyrin repeat protein confers race-specific leaf rust disease resistance in wheat

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus C. Kolodziej ◽  
Jyoti Singla ◽  
Javier Sánchez-Martín ◽  
Helen Zbinden ◽  
Hana Šimková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Protein Complexes ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance Gene ◽  
Rust Disease ◽  
Wheat Diseases ◽  
Wheat Gene

AbstractPlasma membrane-associated and intracellular proteins and protein complexes play a pivotal role in pathogen recognition and disease resistance signaling in plants and animals. The two predominant protein families perceiving plant pathogens are receptor-like kinases and nucleotide binding-leucine-rich repeat receptors (NLR), which often confer race-specific resistance. Leaf rust is one of the most prevalent and most devastating wheat diseases. Here, we clone the race-specific leaf rust resistance gene Lr14a from hexaploid wheat. The cloning of Lr14a is aided by the recently published genome assembly of ArinaLrFor, an Lr14a-containing wheat line. Lr14a encodes a membrane-localized protein containing twelve ankyrin (ANK) repeats and structural similarities to Ca2+-permeable non-selective cation channels. Transcriptome analyses reveal an induction of genes associated with calcium ion binding in the presence of Lr14a. Haplotype analyses indicate that Lr14a-containing chromosome segments were introgressed multiple times into the bread wheat gene pool, but we find no variation in the Lr14a coding sequence itself. Our work demonstrates the involvement of an ANK-transmembrane (TM)-like type of gene family in race-specific disease resistance in wheat. This forms the basis to explore ANK-TM-like genes in disease resistance breeding.

scholarly journals Assessment of introgression wheat lines for yield, protein yield and resistance to diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 99-104
Author(s):  
I. I. Motsnyi ◽  
O.O. Molodchenkova ◽  
V.N. Bezlyudnyi ◽  
M.A. Litvinenko ◽  
Ye.A. Holub ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Introgression Lines ◽  
Leaf Pubescence ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Wheat Diseases ◽  
Local Environments ◽  
Wheat Lines ◽  
Resistance To Diseases

Aim. To determine the value of breeding traits from new sources by studying the resistance to diseases, protein content and their relationship with the productivity of introgression wheat lines. Methods. Growing plants under infection backgrounds of wheat diseases was combined with the laboratory methods for determining protein content and weight of 1000 kernels. Results. Disease resistance has depended on the pathogen species and the source of alien variability. Prolonged resistance to stem rust has been observed only among the derivatives of the collection sample H74/90-245, containing the translocation 1BL.1RS in the karyotype and T. timopheevii in the pedigree. Derivatives Ae. tauschii gradually lost the resistance to the time of full maturation. Conclusions. The parameters of plant resistance to diseases, protein content and yield, absolute protein content in 1000 kernels should be used for the material selection. The best lines have been selected from 736 introgression lines. They characterized by high productivity in some years, large grain, high protein content, disease resistance, adaptability to local environments and devoid of the wild species negative qualities. The lines are of interest for further breeding work in the south of Ukraine. Lines with leaf pubescence from T. timopheevii and with modified translocation 1BL.1RSm were characterized by low productivity.Keywords: wheat, introgression lines, disease resistance, protein content, productivity.

scholarly journals Dynamic Diversity of NLR Genes in Triticum and Mining of Promising NLR Alleles for Disease Resistance

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 965-977
Author(s):  
Xiaolong Li ◽  
Shifeng Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Promoter Regions ◽  
Wheat Diseases ◽  
B Genome ◽  
Modern Wheat ◽  
Efficient Breeding ◽  
Wild Progenitors ◽  
Ks Values

Bread wheat is an essential crop with the second-highest global production after maize. Currently, wheat diseases are a serious threat to wheat production. Therefore, efficient breeding for disease resistance is extremely urgent in modern wheat. Here, we identified 2012 NLR genes from hexaploid wheat, and Ks values of paired syntenic NLRs showed a significant peak at 3.1–6.3 MYA, which exactly coincided with the first hybridization event between A and B genome lineages at ~5.5 MYA. We provided a landscape of dynamic diversity of NLRs from Triticum and Aegilops and found that NLR genes have higher diversity in wild progenitors and relatives. Further, most NLRs had opposite diversity patterns between genic and 2 Kb-promoter regions, which might respectively link sub/neofunctionalization and loss of duplicated NLR genes. Additionally, we identified an alien introgression of chromosome 4A in tetraploid emmer wheat, which was similar to that in hexaploid wheat. Transcriptome data from four experiments of wheat disease resistance helped to profile the expression pattern of NLR genes and identified promising NLRs involved in broad-spectrum disease resistance. Our study provided insights into the diversity evolution of NLR genes and identified beneficial NLRs to deploy into modern wheat in future wheat disease-resistance breeding.

Indian Lifestyle With Ayurveda Perspective During Covid-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 1396-1399
Author(s):  
Disha Bhatero ◽  
Punam Sawarkar ◽  
Gaurav Sawarkar
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Code Of Conduct ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Research Articles ◽  
Narrative Form ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Covid-19 is an infectious disease caused by novel Coronavirus. The overall prevalence rate of Covid-19 in Worldwide ( 9.94M )& it is (529 K) & (153 K) in India and Maharashtra. This situation can be considered under JanapadodhwansaVyadhi in Ayurveda. The primary purpose of Ayurveda  is the prevention of the disease in healthy individuals and eradication of disease, which are curable. Immunity comes under the Vyadhikshamatva. Further, Covid-19 infection is correlated with Vataj-Kaphaj Jwara. In Ayurveda Rasayana therapy to boost up immunity (Bala  & Vyadhikshamatva). The present study aimed to explore the concept of infectious disease and its prevention through different lifestyles described in Ayurveda. The above need-based information is collected from various Ayurvedicliterature (Laghutrayee, Bruhatryayi) along with numerous research articles from databases, such as PubMed, Google Scholar. All collected data were depicted in narrative form and tabular manner under different heads. Considering the above aspect in the prevention of Covid-19, the role of Ayurveda intervention may be proved more beneficial in Covid-19. Further, adoption of code of conduct may efficiently overcome the current pandemic situation by maintaining good immunity & implementation of Ahar, Vihar Vidhis, Dincharya, and Rutucharya& Sadvritta  for improving disease resistance.

Effects of Pseudoalteromonas espejiana W115 on Enzyme Activity and Disease Resistance of the Yesso Scallop Patinopecten yessoensis

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 581
Author(s):  
Yuexin Ma ◽  
Jichen Liu ◽  
Ming Li ◽  
Wei Tao ◽  
Zhenlin Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Patinopecten Yessoensis ◽  
Yesso Scallop
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