Effects of ELF Fields on Calcium-Ion Efflux from Brain Tissue in Vitro

1982 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl F. Blackman ◽  
Shawnee G. Benane ◽  
Linda S. Kinney ◽  
William T. Joines ◽  
Dennis E. House
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Calcium Ion ◽  
Ion Efflux

Induction of calcium-ion efflux from brain tissue by radio-frequency radiation: Effects of modulation frequency and field strength

Radio Science ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 14 (6S) ◽  
pp. 93-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. F. Blackman ◽  
J. A. Elder ◽  
C. M. Weil ◽  
S. G. Benane ◽  
D. C. Eichinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Strength ◽  
Radio Frequency ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Calcium Ion ◽  
Radiation Effects ◽  
Modulation Frequency ◽  
Radio Frequency Radiation ◽  
Ion Efflux ◽  
Frequency Radiation

Broadening of the RF Power-Density Window for Calcium-ion Efflux from Brain Tissue

1981 ◽  
Vol BME-28 (8) ◽  
pp. 568-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
William T. Joines ◽  
Carl F. Blackman ◽  
Mark A. Hollis
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Calcium Ion ◽  
Rf Power ◽  
Ion Efflux

Calcium-ion efflux from brain tissue: Power-density versus internal field-intensity dependencies at 50-MHz RF radiation

1980 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 277-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. F. Blackman ◽  
S. G. Benane ◽  
W. T. Joines ◽  
M. A. Hollis ◽  
D. E. House
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Field Intensity ◽  
Calcium Ion ◽  
Internal Field ◽  
Ion Efflux

Effect of Amplitude-Modulated 147 MHz Radiofrequency Radiation on Calcium Ion Efflux from Avian Brain Tissue

1987 ◽  
Vol 109 (1) ◽  
pp. 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernest N. Albert ◽  
Frank Slaby ◽  
Joseph Roche ◽  
John Loftus
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Calcium Ion ◽  
Avian Brain ◽  
Radiofrequency Radiation ◽  
Ion Efflux

Monocytes as Carriers of Magnetic Nanoparticles for Tracking Inflammation in the Epileptic Rat Brain

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 637-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadas Han ◽  
Sara Eyal ◽  
Emma Portnoy ◽  
Aniv Mann ◽  
Miriam Shmuel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Nanoparticle Distribution ◽  
Spontaneous Seizures ◽  
Systemic Distribution ◽  
Hippocampal Ca1 ◽  
Pilocarpine Model

Background: Inflammation is a hallmark of epileptogenic brain tissue. Previously, we have shown that inflammation in epilepsy can be delineated using systemically-injected fluorescent and magnetite- laden nanoparticles. Suggested mechanisms included distribution of free nanoparticles across a compromised blood-brain barrier or their transfer by monocytes that infiltrate the epileptic brain. Objective: In the current study, we evaluated monocytes as vehicles that deliver nanoparticles into the epileptic brain. We also assessed the effect of epilepsy on the systemic distribution of nanoparticleloaded monocytes. Methods: The in vitro uptake of 300-nm nanoparticles labeled with magnetite and BODIPY (for optical imaging) was evaluated using rat monocytes and fluorescence detection. For in vivo studies we used the rat lithium-pilocarpine model of temporal lobe epilepsy. In vivo nanoparticle distribution was evaluated using immunohistochemistry. Results: 89% of nanoparticle loading into rat monocytes was accomplished within 8 hours, enabling overnight nanoparticle loading ex vivo. The dose-normalized distribution of nanoparticle-loaded monocytes into the hippocampal CA1 and dentate gyrus of rats with spontaneous seizures was 176-fold and 380-fold higher compared to the free nanoparticles (p<0.05). Seizures were associated with greater nanoparticle accumulation within the liver and the spleen (p<0.05). Conclusion: Nanoparticle-loaded monocytes are attracted to epileptogenic brain tissue and may be used for labeling or targeting it, while significantly reducing the systemic dose of potentially toxic compounds. The effect of seizures on monocyte biodistribution should be further explored to better understand the systemic effects of epilepsy.

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