Dipetalonema viteae in the Experimentally Infected Jird, Meriones unguiculatus. II. Microfilaremia in Relation to Worm Burden

1974 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 310 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. Beaver ◽  
T. C. Orihel ◽  
Mary H. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Worm Burden ◽  
Meriones Unguiculatus ◽  
Dipetalonema Viteae

Immunocytochemical and ultrastructural studies on Dipetalonema viteae (Filarioidea)

1983 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Prüsse ◽  
S. Vollmer ◽  
H. J. Diesfeld
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Staining Intensity ◽  
Meriones Unguiculatus ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
Antigenic Properties ◽  
Antiserum Dilution ◽  
Concomitant Reduction ◽  
Dipetalonema Viteae ◽  
Antigen Antibody

ABSTRACTThe antigenic properties of adult male and female of Dipetalonema viteae were studied by immunocytochemistry. Using antisera of the rodents Meriones unguiculatus and Mastomys natalensis infected with D. viteae, the binding of antibodies to sections of filariae embedded in Epon was assayed by the peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) technique and by electron microscopy. The optimal staining intensity was obtained with an antiserum dilution of 1:5000. Control sera were obtained from sex and age matched uninfected animals.Female D. viteae showed maximal antigen-antibody reactions within the uterus: in the inner uterus wall, in the “nutrient channels” between the maturing eggs and the differentiating microfilariae, on the eggshells, in the cuticula of microfilariae and in the spermatheca on the cell membrane of the mature spermatozoa. Male filariae showed binding of antibodies in the vesicula seminalis: in the nucleus and the nuclear membrane of primary spermatocytes and on maturing spermatids. Less pronounced antigen-antibody reactions in the cuticula, muscle and intestine were observed in both sexes.The PAP-technique offers significant improvements in comparison with other techniques, e.g., immunofluorescence, used to detect antigens on filariae: the PAP-technique has an increased sensitivity with a concomitant reduction in nonspecific background and can be used for both light and electron microscopy; moreover, PAP-treated tissues can be stored indefinitely at room temperature.

A model to account for the consequences of host nutrition on the outcome of gastrointestinal parasitism in sheep: model evaluation

Parasitology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 134 (9) ◽  
pp. 1279-1289 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. VAGENAS ◽  
S. C. BISHOP ◽  
I. KYRIAZAKIS
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Worm Burden ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Sheep Model ◽  
Host Nutrition ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasitism ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
Nutritional Strategies ◽  
Different Levels

SUMMARYThis paper describes sensitivity analyses and expectations obtained from a mathematical model developed to account for the effects of host nutrition on the consequences of gastrointestinal parasitism in sheep. The scenarios explored included different levels of parasitic challenge at different planes of nutrition, for hosts differing only in their characteristics for growth. The model was able to predict the consequences of host nutrition on the outcome of parasitism, in terms of worm burden, number of eggs excreted per gram faeces and animal performance. The model outputs predict that conclusions on the ability of hosts of different characteristics for growth to cope with parasitism (i.e. resistance) depend on the plane of nutrition. Furthermore, differences in the growth rate of sheep, on their own, are not sufficient to account for differences in the observed resistance of animals. The model forms the basis for evaluating the consequences of differing management strategies and environments, such as breeding for certain traits associated with resistance and nutritional strategies, on the consequences of gastrointestinal parasitism on sheep.

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