The Life Cycle of Trichostrongylus sigmodontis Baylis, 1945, and the Susceptibility of Various Laboratory Animals to This Nematode

Vernon E. Thatcher; J. Allen Scott

doi:10.2307/3274910

SENSITIZATION TO MOSQUITO BITES

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/z59-038 ◽

1959 ◽

Vol 37 (3) ◽

pp. 341-351 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

J. A. McKiel

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle ◽

Salivary Glands ◽

Laboratory Animals ◽

Delayed Reaction ◽

Allergic Manifestation ◽

Antigenic Fraction

Laboratory animals can be sensitized to mosquito bites by injections of mosquito extract or by repeated exposures to mosquito bites. The immediate reaction occurs only in sensitized animals and therefore is an allergic manifestation. The delayed reaction also appears to have a similar cause. Mosquito extracts are not toxic to animals. The sensitizing material first appears in the life cycle of the mosquito late in the series of changes which take place within the pupa. This material is limited to the head–thorax region of the mosquito, presumably to the salivary glands, and probably is composed of more than one antigenic fraction.

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APPLYING LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT TO ANALYSE RESOURCE CONSUMPTIONS AND WASTE GENERATION IN A LABORATORY ANIMALS PRODUCTION

Brazilian Journal of Operations & Production Management ◽

10.14488/bjopm.2016.v13.n4.a7 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 472

Author(s):

Ingrid Daré Viana ◽

José Antonio Assunção Peixoto ◽

Leydervan De Souza Xavier ◽

Cristina Gomes De Souza

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle Assessment ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Impact Assessment ◽

Health And Safety ◽

Electricity Consumption ◽

High Water ◽

Laboratory Animals ◽

Entire Study ◽

Information Giving ◽

Health Care Waste

The objective of this study was to quantify and analyze resource consumptions of a laboratory rabbits production, in a Brazilian animal research facility, in order to produce a harmonized Health-Care Waste (HCW) classification, according to national regulations and international guidelines, as it is a basis to perform health and safety risk analysis, of animals, humans and environment impacts in HCW management. Methodologically, the principles and framework from Life Cycle Assessment were used to produce a door‑to‑door Life Cycle Inventory to produce the HCW classification and a short environmental impact assessment. A high electricity consumption (about 96%), for conditioning facilities maintenance, and a high water consumption transformed into effluents and emissions (about 97.5%) were observed. Specifically, from HCW classification a first analysis of mass pointed: effluents (45.92 %), emissions (52.54 %), biological waste (1.45%) and common waste (0.001 %). These data are primary estimates that lead to deeper analysis of toxic materials and contamination. Finally, the entire study produced a cross fertilization of information giving more transparency about the rationality implied in the modeling of processes and presentation of reports, enabling to relate the local scope of impact assessment through broader reflections on global social responsibility and eco-efficiency.

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Screening of Model Animals for Experimental Infection with Equine Cyathostomes

Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica ◽

10.2478/sab-2018-0003 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 49 (1) ◽

pp. 17-20

Author(s):

Š. Scháňková ◽

I. Langrová ◽

I. Jankovská ◽

J. Vadlejch ◽

Z. Čadková ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle ◽

Experimental Infection ◽

Larval Stage ◽

Rattus Norvegicus ◽

Oryctolagus Cuniculus ◽

Meriones Unguiculatus ◽

Laboratory Animals ◽

Suitable Model ◽

Cavia Porcellus ◽

Mongolian Gerbils

Abstract Various laboratory animals – mice (Mus musculus) of six strains, rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus), guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus), rats (Rattus norvegicus), and Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) were experimentally infected with larvae of small strongyles (Cyathostominae), obtained from horse faeces and cultured to the infective larval stage L3. The attempt to transfer cyathostome larvae was aimed at developing a model for the investigation of different aspects of the life cycle and biology of these nematodes in the laboratory. Some animals were immunized (hydrocortisone) for the duration of the study. The laboratory animals were orally infected with 2–10 thousand sheathed or ex-sheathed L3 larvae of mixed cyathostome species. All attempts to inoculate any animal failed; there was no larval development in the experimental rodents and it can be stated that none of the investigated animals may serve as a suitable model host for horse nematodes of the subfamily Cyathostominae.

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Ultrastructural analysis of “Sensory” surface nerve endings and “putative” neurotransmitter sites in Schistosoma mansoni Miracidia

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100156791 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 47 ◽

pp. 962-963

Author(s):

Betty Ruth Jones ◽

Steve Chi-Tang Pan

Keyword(s):

Nervous System ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Schistosoma Mansoni ◽

Snail Host ◽

Complex Life Cycle ◽

Rational Approach ◽

Effective Control ◽

The Social ◽

Social And Economic Development ◽

Basic Biology

INTRODUCTION: Schistosomiasis has been described as “one of the most devastating diseases of mankind, second only to malaria in its deleterious effects on the social and economic development of populations in many warm areas of the world.” The disease is worldwide and is probably spreading faster and becoming more intense than the overall research efforts designed to provide the basis for countering it. Moreover, there are indications that the development of water resources and the demands for increasing cultivation and food in developing countries may prevent adequate control of the disease and thus the number of infections are increasing.Our knowledge of the basic biology of the parasites causing the disease is far from adequate. Such knowledge is essential if we are to develop a rational approach to the effective control of human schistosomiasis. The miracidium is the first infective stage in the complex life cycle of schistosomes. The future of the entire life cycle depends on the capacity and ability of this organism to locate and enter a suitable snail host for further development, Little is known about the nervous system of the miracidium of Schistosoma mansoni and of other trematodes. Studies indicate that miracidia contain a well developed and complex nervous system that may aid the larvae in locating and entering a susceptible snail host (Wilson, 1970; Brooker, 1972; Chernin, 1974; Pan, 1980; Mehlhorn, 1988; and Jones, 1987-1988).

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A freeze-fracture-etched study of the physarum polycephalum plasma membrane during early formation of the macroplasmodial stage

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100147570 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 51 ◽

pp. 346-347

Author(s):

Randolph W. Taylor ◽

Henrie Treadwell

Keyword(s):

Plasma Membrane ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Growth Phase ◽

Filter Paper ◽

Physarum Polycephalum ◽

Freeze Fracture ◽

Petri Dish ◽

Wire Screen ◽

Wide Mouth ◽

Sterile Filter

The plasma membrane of the Slime Mold, Physarum polycephalum, process unique morphological distinctions at different stages of the life cycle. Investigations of the plasma membrane of P. polycephalum, particularly, the arrangements of the intramembranous particles has provided useful information concerning possible changes occurring in higher organisms. In this report Freeze-fracture-etched techniques were used to investigate 3 hours post-fusion of the macroplasmodia stage of the P. polycephalum plasma membrane.Microplasmodia of Physarum polycephalum (M3C), axenically maintained, were collected in mid-expotential growth phase by centrifugation. Aliquots of microplasmodia were spread in 3 cm circles with a wide mouth pipette onto sterile filter paper which was supported on a wire screen contained in a petri dish. The cells were starved for 2 hrs at 24°C. After starvation, the cells were feed semidefined medium supplemented with hemin and incubated at 24°C. Three hours after incubation, samples were collected randomly from the petri plates, placed in plancettes and frozen with a propane-nitrogen jet freezer.

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