The Effect of Wounding, of Wound Hormones and of Growth Hormones on Rhizoid Formation in Mosses and Liverworts

1942 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl D. La Rue
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormones ◽  
Rhizoid Formation

scholarly journals The domestication of Cucurbita argyrosperma as revealed by the genome of its wild relative

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Josué Barrera-Redondo ◽  
Guillermo Sánchez-de la Vega ◽  
Jonás A. Aguirre-Liguori ◽  
Gabriela Castellanos-Morales ◽  
Yocelyn T. Gutiérrez-Guerrero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Growth Hormones ◽  
Comparative Genomic ◽  
Structural Variants ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Genomic Analyses ◽  
Genotype By Sequencing ◽  
Regulation Of Growth

AbstractDespite their economic importance and well-characterized domestication syndrome, the genomic impact of domestication and the identification of variants underlying the domestication traits in Cucurbita species (pumpkins and squashes) is currently lacking. Cucurbita argyrosperma, also known as cushaw pumpkin or silver-seed gourd, is a Mexican crop consumed primarily for its seeds rather than fruit flesh. This makes it a good model to study Cucurbita domestication, as seeds were an essential component of early Mesoamerican diet and likely the first targets of human-guided selection in pumpkins and squashes. We obtained population-level data using tunable Genotype by Sequencing libraries for 192 individuals of the wild and domesticated subspecies of C. argyrosperma across Mexico. We also assembled the first high-quality wild Cucurbita genome. Comparative genomic analyses revealed several structural variants and presence/absence of genes related to domestication. Our results indicate a monophyletic origin of this domesticated crop in the lowlands of Jalisco. We found evidence of gene flow between the domesticated and wild subspecies, which likely alleviated the effects of the domestication bottleneck. We uncovered candidate domestication genes that are involved in the regulation of growth hormones, plant defense mechanisms, seed development, and germination. The presence of shared selected alleles with the closely related species Cucurbita moschata suggests domestication-related introgression between both taxa.

scholarly journals Residue Levels of Organochlorine Pesticides in Breast Milk and Its Associations with Cord Blood Thyroid Hormones and the Offspring’s Neurodevelopment

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 1438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng-Chih Kao ◽  
Danielle E. Que ◽  
Sayre J. Bongo ◽  
Lemmuel L. Tayo ◽  
Yi-Hsien Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Growth Hormones ◽  
Exposure Group ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Postnatal Exposure ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽  
Infant Neurodevelopment

Previous studies have demonstrated that organochlorine pesticide (OCP) exposure has a negative impact on the neurological function of infants. Only a few reports have investigated the thyroid and growth hormones and their relationship to neurodevelopment after human exposure to OCPs, especially in the case of infants. Our goal was to determine whether breastmilk OCP residues were associated with negative impacts and/or alterations in the neurodevelopment of infants among specific southern Taiwanese mother–breastfed infant pairs. Our subjects (n = 55 pairs) were recruited from southern Taiwan between 2007 and 2010. The thyroid and growth hormone levels in the cord blood samples collected after childbirth were determined. The breastmilk was gathered within one month after childbirth for the determination of OCP levels using a high-resolution gas chromatograph with mass spectrometry, and the neurodevelopment of 10–12-month-old infants was examined using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development®, Third Edition (Bayley-III). It was observed that 4,4′-dichlorodiphenyl-dichloroethylene (4,4′-DDE) (mean = 10.3 ng/g lipid) was the most predominant OCP compound in the breastmilk samples. At higher concentrations (>75th percentile), specific OCPs were associated with significantly lower levels of thyroid and growth hormones than at lower concentrations (<75th percentile). Significantly higher odds ratios (ORs) were observed for binary cognitive (OR = 8.09, p = 0.025 for 4,4′-DDT), language (OR = 11.9, p = 0.013 for 4,4′-DDT) and social–emotional (OR = 6.06, p = 0.01 for trans-CHL) composite scores for specific OCPs belonging to the lower exposure group as compared to the higher OCP exposure group. The five domain Bayley-III infant neurodevelopment outcomes were negatively associated with specific OCPs in the breast milk samples based on the redundancy analysis (RDA) test. Bayley-III scales, which include cognitive, language, motor, social-emotional, and adaptive behavior scales, could be predicted by 4,4′-DDT, endrin, endosulfan I, heptachlor, or heptachlor epoxide using multivariate linear regression models with adjustment for maternal age, pre-pregnant BMI, parity, and infant gender. In conclusion, although our study showed that postnatal exposure to breast milk OCPs may be associated with infant neurodevelopmental outcomes and that prenatal exposure, if extrapolated from breastmilk levels, is associated with changes in thyroid and growth hormones that may have effects on neurodevelopment, these associations are only suggestive; thus, further studies are recommended for confirmation.

scholarly journals Nanotechnology Potential in Seed Priming for Sustainable Agriculture

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 267
Author(s):  
Anderson do Espirito Santo Pereira ◽  
Halley Caixeta Oliveira ◽  
Leonardo Fernandes Fraceto ◽  
Catherine Santaella
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Growth Hormones ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Plant Growth Hormones ◽  
Entire Plant ◽  
Quality Of Food ◽  
Sustainable Agricultural Practices

Our agriculture is threatened by climate change and the depletion of resources and biodiversity. A new agriculture revolution is needed in order to increase the production of crops and ensure the quality and safety of food, in a sustainable way. Nanotechnology can contribute to the sustainability of agriculture. Seed nano-priming is an efficient process that can change seed metabolism and signaling pathways, affecting not only germination and seedling establishment but also the entire plant lifecycle. Studies have shown various benefits of using seed nano-priming, such as improved plant growth and development, increased productivity, and a better nutritional quality of food. Nano-priming modulates biochemical pathways and the balance between reactive oxygen species and plant growth hormones, resulting in the promotion of stress and diseases resistance outcoming in the reduction of pesticides and fertilizers. The present review provides an overview of advances in the field, showing the challenges and possibilities concerning the use of nanotechnology in seed nano-priming, as a contribution to sustainable agricultural practices.

Investigation of Growth Hormones in Xylem Exudate and Root Tissue 1

1972 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHARLES H. BRUESKE ◽  
GLENN B. BERGESON
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormones ◽  
Root Tissue ◽  
Xylem Exudate

Studies in Plant Growth Hormones

1956 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. HOUSLEY ◽  
J. A. BENTLEY
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Hormones ◽  
Plant Growth Hormones

scholarly journals Changes in cell wall structure during rhizoid formation of Silvetia babingtonii (Fucales, Phaeophyceae) zygotes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rina Yonamine ◽  
Kensuke Ichihara ◽  
Shiro Tsuyuzaki ◽  
Cécile Hervé ◽  
Taizo Motomura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Wall Structure ◽  
Wall Structure ◽  
Rhizoid Formation
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