A renewal look at switching rules in the MIL-STD-105D sampling system

1990 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace L. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Markov Chain ◽  
Infinite Sequence ◽  
Finite Sequence ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Stopping Rules ◽  
Stopping Times ◽  
Sampling System ◽  
Sampling Plans ◽  
History Of

A sampling system, MIL-STD-105D, used in quality control consists of three sampling plans with different acceptance probabilities used in turn for lot inspection. The decision to switch plan is based on the history of the lot acceptance records and a set of stopping rules. We derive the performance measure, average outgoing quality (AOQ), of this sampling system from a renewal process in which AOQ is expressed in terms of the moments of the stopping times. The renewal approach is simpler than that of the Markov chain generally used in computing AOQ for an infinite sequence of lots; it also provides a formula for AOQ for a finite sequence of lots.

A renewal look at switching rules in the MIL-STD-105D sampling system

1990 ◽  
Vol 27 (01) ◽  
pp. 183-192
Author(s):  
Grace L. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Markov Chain ◽  
Infinite Sequence ◽  
Finite Sequence ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Stopping Rules ◽  
Stopping Times ◽  
Sampling System ◽  
Sampling Plans ◽  
History Of

A sampling system, MIL-STD-105D, used in quality control consists of three sampling plans with different acceptance probabilities used in turn for lot inspection. The decision to switch plan is based on the history of the lot acceptance records and a set of stopping rules. We derive the performance measure, average outgoing quality (AOQ), of this sampling system from a renewal process in which AOQ is expressed in terms of the moments of the stopping times. The renewal approach is simpler than that of the Markov chain generally used in computing AOQ for an infinite sequence of lots; it also provides a formula for AOQ for a finite sequence of lots.

A note on Spitzer's lemma and its application to the maximum of partial sums of dependent random variables

1976 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 361-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Solari ◽  
J. E. A. Dunnage
Keyword(s):  
Infinite Sequence ◽  
Random Variables ◽  
Finite Sequence ◽  
Partial Sums ◽  
Dependent Random Variables ◽  
Finite Segment ◽  
Exchangeable Random Variables ◽  
Partial Sum

We give an expression for the expectation of max (0, S1, …, Sn) where Sk is the kth partial sum of a finite sequence of exchangeable random variables X1, …, Xn. When the Xk are also independent, the formula we give has already been obtained by Spitzer; and when the sequence is a finite segment of an infinite sequence of exchangeable random variables, it is a consequence of a theorem of Hewitt.

A note on exchangeable events

1979 ◽  
Vol 16 (03) ◽  
pp. 662-664
Author(s):  
Yu-Sheng Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Infinite Sequence ◽  
Finite Sequence ◽  
Sufficient Condition ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient Condition ◽  
De Finetti ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient

Kendall [2] gave a thorough discussion of De Finetti constants for a sequence (finite or infinite) of exchangeable events. Galambos [1] and Ridler-Rowe [3] also found some interesting results in this area. In this paper, we intend to give a necessary and sufficient condition for a finite sequence of exchangeable events to be extendable to an infinite sequence of exchangeable events.

Statistical Process and Quality Control

2000 ◽  
pp. 233-244
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Quality Management ◽  
Total Quality Management ◽  
Statistical Process Control ◽  
Control Charts ◽  
Statistical Testing ◽  
Total Quality ◽  
Statistical Process ◽  
Sampling Plans

Abstract This chapter provides an introduction to statistical process control and the concept of total quality management. It begins with a review of quality improvement efforts in the extrusion industry and the considerations involved in developing sampling plans and interpreting control charts. It then lays out the steps that would be followed in order to implement statistical testing for billet casting, die performance, or any other process or variable that impacts extrusion quality. The chapter concludes with an overview of the fundamentals of total quality management.

Fraught Remedies

2019 ◽  
pp. 141-164
Author(s):  
Dov Fox
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Newborn Health ◽  
Expressive Power ◽  
Racial Equality ◽  
Social Consensus ◽  
Professional Misconduct ◽  
Applicable Law ◽  
Gender Balance ◽  
Parental Love ◽  
History Of

When negligence thwarts parental efforts to select for socially salient traits like sex, race, and disability, compensation risks cutting against public safety or morality. Mandated cash payments for the wrongful defeat of attempts to choose a child to be deaf or male or white have the potential to undermine public commitments to newborn health, gender balance, or racial equality. This chapter argues that these concerns will only under exceptional circumstances rule out any remedy for confounded procreation. Even in rare cases for which recovery is not valid but void, courts should still grant nominal damages for generalized reproductive injuries—to deter professional misconduct and vindicate broader interests in offspring selection. In cases involving the failure to screen or diagnose some offspring condition, it’s not just private individuals or couples deciding what’s best for their own lives. Tort awards can impart an existential insult to people whose conditions were singled out for elimination—that verdict reflects the binding conclusion that the judge or jury reaches in view of specific facts and applicable law. But that expressive power shouldn’t immunize professional wrongdoing that thwarts eccentric offspring selection. Concerns about “quality control” are essentially contested—whether framed in terms of parental love or playing God, these visions of reproductive restraint don’t reflect social consensus. The not-so-distant history of racial ordering across family units comes closer to voiding complaints for confounded race. But courts should still provide limited recovery, with explicit caveats—to affirm generic interests in offspring selection, while disclaiming any racial component.

Hyperglycemia After Cardiac Surgery

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-227
Author(s):  
Lynda Stoodley ◽  
Shu-Fen Wung
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Blood Glucose Control ◽  
Surgical Care ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Improvement Project ◽  
History Of ◽  
Surgical Care Improvement Project

Background The Surgical Care Improvement Project #4 (SCIP#4) performance measure is used to evaluate achievement of target blood glucose control after cardiac surgery. Objectives The purpose of this study was to identify patient characteristics and outcomes in patients undergoing cardiac surgery who met the SCIP#4 performance measure versus those who did not. Methods A retrospective case-control design was used. Results Preoperative hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) level and history of diabetes were 2 major risk factors for failing to meet the SCIP#4 measure. A trend toward a longer length of stay was observed, mortality was 3 times more prevalent, and renal failure was 4 times more frequent in patients who did not meet the SCIP#4 quality measure. Conclusions Not meeting the SCIP#4 measure is associated with adverse outcomes. History of diabetes and preoperative HbAIC level should be considered when evaluating strategies for managing postsurgical hyperglycemia.

scholarly journals Concepts and Quality Considerations in Unani System of Medicine

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 609-633
Author(s):  
Abida Parveen ◽  
Rabea Parveen ◽  
Asim Akhatar ◽  
Bushra Parveen ◽  
Khalid M Siddiqui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Health It ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
Unani Medicine ◽  
Greek Philosopher ◽  
History Of

Abstract Unani medicine, based largely on herbs, is practiced as a traditional system of medicine in the Indian subcontinent. It owes its origination to the Greek philosopher Hippocrates (460–377 BC) and his associates. However, it progressed and got established under the patronage of Persian and Arab empires and later came to the Indian sub-continent around the middle of the 14th century. Unani scholars have been of the view that every person has their own distinct temperament constituted from four basic humoral combinations. Temperament of an individual is supposed to be influenced by various intrinsic and extrinsic factors such as age and mental status of individual, local climate, and environmental conditions, etc. Treatment is applied through dietotherapy and/or pharmacotherapy consonant with the patient’s temperament. Unani medicine believes in health promotion and manages the disease through various modes of treatment such as regimental therapy, dietotherapy, and pharmacotherapy. A variety of clinical studies have shown that Unani medicines are effective with minimal side effects. Standardization, quality control, and toxicity profiling of many herbal drugs and the validation of formulations mentioned in the Unani Pharmacopeia of India have been accomplished in the recent past. Despite the mounting benefits of this system in the management of human health, it remains under-utilized. This article elucidates the basic concepts and a brief history of Unani medicine and summarizes information about its quality control, as well as its contribution to the health sector in India.

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