scholarly journals Docket Data and "Local Knowledge": Studying the Court and Society Link over Time

1990 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Lempert
Keyword(s):  
Local Knowledge ◽  
Over Time

Cultivating Ice over Time: On the Idea of Timeless Knowledge and Places in the Himalayas

1969 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karine Gagné
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sense Of Community ◽  
Local Knowledge ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
International Organisations ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
Local Populations ◽  
Close Study ◽  
Indian Himalayas ◽  
Over Time

Assumptions that local communities have an endogenous capacity to adapt to climate change stemming from time-tested knowledge and an inherent sense of community that prompts mobilisation are becoming increasingly common in material produced by international organisations. This discourse, which relies on ahistorical and apolitical conceptions of localities and populations, is based on ideas of timeless knowledge and places. Analysing the water-place nexus in Ladakh, in the Indian Himalayas, through a close study of glacier practices as they change over time, the article argues that local knowledge is subject to change and must be analysed in light of changing conceptions and experiences of place by the state and by local populations alike.

Civil Society in UN Peacebuilding Discourse

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura J. Shepherd
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Local Knowledge ◽  
Political Legitimacy ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Conceptual Domain ◽  
Close Analysis ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
Over Time ◽  
The Way

Chapter 5 outlines the ways in which civil society is largely associated with “women” and the “local,” as a spatial and conceptual domain, and how this has implications for how we understand political legitimacy and authority. The author argues that close analysis reveals a shift in the way in which the United Nations as a political entity conceives of civil society over time, from early engagement with non-governmental organisations (NGOs) to the more contemporary articulation of civil society as consultant or even implementing partner. Contemporary UN peacebuilding discourse, however, constitutes civil society as a legitimating actor for UN peacebuilding practices, as civil society organizations are the bearers/owners of certain forms of (local) knowledge.

scholarly journals Local Knowledge for Addressing Food Insecurity: The Use of a Goat Meat Drying Technique in a Rural Famine Context in Southern Africa

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martín del Valle M ◽  
José Tomás Ibarra ◽  
Pablo Aguirre Hörmann ◽  
Roberto Hernández ◽  
José Luis Riveros F.
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Local Knowledge ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Cold Chain ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Goat Meat ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

Only 30% of households in Bairro Boroma (Boroma neighborhood) have a regular protein intake, mainly due to the lack of a proper cold chain. We analyzed the level of knowledge about a local dried meat called chinkui, examining the relationship between this knowledge and its value for strengthening local food security. Through surveys of Bairro Boroma goat herders (n = 23) about “chinkui awareness” and passive observation of chinkui preparation (n = 5) from local biotype goats, we found that chinkui was known to most goat herders (91.3%), but was used only irregularly, mainly because knowledge transmission has decreased over time. From passive observation, we found that the amount of dried meat obtained from an animal rarely exceeded a yield of 10% and its performance and safety depended on weather conditions and the absence of other animals in the area of preparation. It is, therefore, recommended to strengthen initiatives to increase the amount of chinkui, based on local knowledge, so as to enhance its frequency of consumption and the possibility of using it as a sustainable alternative source of protein.

Networks

2016 ◽  
pp. 12-46
Author(s):  
Alan Kirman
Keyword(s):  
Local Knowledge ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Direct Interaction ◽  
Securities Market ◽  
Standard Theory ◽  
Exogenous Shocks ◽  
Perishable Goods ◽  
Mortgage Backed Securities ◽  
Goods Market ◽  
Over Time

Networks in economics can be conceived as a useful adjunct to standard theory that helps incorporate the externalities generated by the interaction between individuals. Alternatively, the economy can be considered as a network where aggregate activity emerges from direct interaction between simple individuals often with only local knowledge. This constitutes a paradigm shift which, this chapter argues, is needed in economics. Rather than considering isolated optimizing individuals at equilibrium, experts should analyze the system, its structure, and its evolution over time, and thus understand sudden large endogenous movements in markets or the economy without recourse to exogenous shocks as an explanation. Examples include the evolution of the network of trading relations on a perishable goods market and the collapse of the mortgage-backed securities market. The structure and evolution of the network of interactions are perhaps more important than the specification of the characteristics of the individuals themselves.

Asian Despotism? Mughal Government as Seen From the Dutch East India Company Factory in Surat

1999 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
James D. Tracy
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Local Knowledge ◽  
East India Company ◽  
Current Debate ◽  
Dutch East India Company ◽  
Local Officials ◽  
European Trade ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Asian Government ◽  
Over Time

AbstractIn the current debate about early modern European perceptions of Asia, the rich documentation produced by the Dutch East India Company has been largely overlooked. The Surat factory, whose correspondence is extant from 1636, was in close connection with the centers of Mughal authority, and the factory here, unlike in some other Dutch outposts, was never allowed to be transformed into a fortified enclosure from which the "hatmen" could challenge the agents of the state with impunity. In published accounts of Asian government, including those written in Dutch, "despots" held sway over lands whose only law was the ruler's whim. But Company documents from Surat (and elsewhere in India) consistently depict local officials as manipulating for their own profit their control over European trade, often in flagrant disregard of trading privileges carefully negotiated with the Mughal court. The image of an all-powerful sovereign, though not altogether absent, is sometimes evoked as a way of explaining to Company superiors in Batavia (Djakarta) or Amsterdam why their servants in Surat could not do as they were bidden. But if Company men developed over time a credible local knowledge of Mughal government, they were no different from stay-at-home European Christians in their view of the Mughal realm's Muslim elites: in this age of continuing warfare between Christendom and Islamdom, a "faithless Moor" was always and everywhere the same.

scholarly journals Representações dos proprietários e funcionários de fazendas sobre as mudanças e conservação da vegetação ciliar às margens do rio São Francisco, Nordeste do Brasil

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taline Cristina Da Silva ◽  
Marcelo Alves Ramos ◽  
Ivan André Alvarez ◽  
Lúcia Helena Piedade Kiill ◽  
Ulysses Paulino De Albuquerque
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Education ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Local Knowledge ◽  
Riparian Vegetation ◽  
Riparian Forest ◽  
High Water ◽  
Good Care ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Projective Type ◽  
Over Time

In Brazil, areas with high water potential for development ofirrigate agriculture was marked by the occupation of human groups. In this context, the vegetation along the São FranciscoRiver is constantly changing. This study sought to answer the following questions: “How do famers and farmworkersdescribe the possible changes in riparian forest over time?”; “Which events are responsible for these possible changes?”,and; “How do farmers describe aspects related to the use and conservation of riparian vegetation?” A total of 17 men andeight women, owners and farmworkers from areas close to the riparian vegetation, in five municipalities in the states ofBahia and Pernambuco, participated in this research. Semi-structured and semi-structured projective-type interviewswere used to investigate their representations of the conservation of riparian vegetation and changes in the local landscape,and to record historical events that influenced them. Aiming to record the local knowledge about the diversity of the mostimportant useful species, the free list technique was used. Only one informant said that the riparian vegetation has notchanged, six considered that the changes were for the worse and four considered that the changes were for the better. Fourowners responded that changes in the vegetation began 10 years ago, six indicated more than 30 years ago, two did notknow and one has not perceive any changes. Amongst the farmworkers, five said that vegetation had changed more than20 years ago, four indicated more than 10 years ago and four indicated that it had not changed. All informants agreed thatthe riparian vegetation should be preserved either because it protects the river (64%) or because it has other uses, such asattracting rain, providing shade, medicinal uses and increasing oxygen. Some of the informants (48%) considered the landowners responsible for the conservation of riparian vegetation, some (48%) that this was a duty of everybody and asmaller portion (4%) attributed responsibility to IBAMA. They also pointed out solutions to the conservation of thisvegetation: reforestation (39%), non-clearance (17%), environmental education (13%) and good care (13%). Futurerestoration projects that might take place in this area should take into account these representations, demands andexpectations.

scholarly journals Development of Residential Space for the Tokaili Community in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. p35
Author(s):  
Zaenal Siradjuddin
Keyword(s):  
Local Knowledge ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Evolutionary Process ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Housing Provision ◽  
Residential Space ◽  
Central Sulawesi ◽  
Culture Technology ◽  
Over Time

Central Sulawesi (ToKaili) is one of the provinces in Indonesia which has unique residential wisdom. The development of settlements affects the uniqueness of the evolutionary process of housing and housing provision regarding culture, technology, and knowledge that develops over time. This study aims to reveal what is behind the phenomenon of providing shelter and its formation from time to time. This research uses qualitative methods and a phenomenological approach. It is based on a development process. An analysis of several themes of the settlement period, from nomadic to permanent, then forms a hierarchy of agricultural settlements. According to the community, the territories included showing a vital role for local wisdom in influencing their formation into ideal accommodations. The results of this study reveal a hierarchical settlement pattern formed by the part of local knowledge in developing an excellent harmonious settlement from time to time.

scholarly journals Pacific Salmon in the Rapidly Changing Arctic: Exploring Local Knowledge and Emerging Fisheries in Utqiaġvik and Nuiqsut, Alaska

ARCTIC ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtney Carothers ◽  
Todd L. Sformo ◽  
Shelley Cotton ◽  
John C. George ◽  
Peter A.H. Westley
Keyword(s):  
Local Knowledge ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Pacific Salmon ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Current Data ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Oil And Gas Development ◽  
Salmon Fisheries ◽  
Over Time

One of the most pervasive signals of global climate change is altered patterns of distribution with trends towards poleward shifts of species. While habitat loss and destruction has severed connections between people and salmon in many locales, salmon fisheries in the high Arctic are just beginning to develop. To explore these emergent connections, we gathered local knowledge about Pacific salmon and emerging subsistence salmon fisheries in the Beaufort Sea region through ethnographic research in Utqiaġvik (formerly Barrow) and Nuiqsut, Alaska. Between 2010 and 2013, we interviewed 41 active fishermen and Elders who generally agreed that harvests of Pacific salmon species have been increasing in recent years, beginning in the 1990s and early 2000s. About 46% of active fishermen and Elders who discussed salmon abundance perceived an increasing trend over time. Another 43% characterized salmon abundance as cyclical or perceived no directional trend over time. The remaining fishermen (all from Nuiqsut) expressed their perception of decreasing salmon and fish abundance overall related to oil and gas development impacts to their local lands and waters. Given these mixed perceptions and harvests being an imperfect proxy for abundance, it remains unclear whether salmon populations are expanding in Arctic river systems. However, research participants have identified new stream systems not currently documented in the scientific literature where salmon are present and thought to be spawning. In both communities, we found that many fishermen and Elders often do not differentiate Pacific salmon species. Fishermen in both communities are developing new knowledge of salmon and increasing their use of salmon as a subsistence resource, yet uncertainties in the current data and local knowledge combine to generate equivocal evidence that salmon abundance is increasing. This lack of a clear increase in salmon abundance provides nuance to a simple story that warming has led to the increases of salmon in the Arctic. Despite the uncertainty regarding abundance, it is clear we are witnessing an emergence of new salmon fisheries in the high Arctic, perceived to be one among a suite of environmental and social changes currently being experienced in this region.

Path-dependency vs. industrial dynamics: an analysis of two heterogeneous districts

1999 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-174
Author(s):  
Fiorenza Belussi
Keyword(s):  
Local Knowledge ◽  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Local System ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Production Networks ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Upholstered Furniture ◽  
Large Production ◽  
Path Dependent ◽  
Over Time

This paper studies the genesis and growth of two Italian industrial districts specialised in leather upholstered furniture. The first is of recent formation and is located on the border between two regions, Basilicata and Puglia, in the South of Italy. The second, which began during 1970s, is based in Emilia–Romagna in the area around Forlì. Both are specialised in upholstered furniture: sofas, armchairs, and others small items related to these products. The Forlì case resemble the typical Marshallian district, where, over time, a local system of small-specialised producers has formed. The case of Forlì represents a typical path dependent process. Here, a certain industrial structure, once favourable conditions has allowed it to emerge, has tended to reproduce itself, following over time the same pattern of interactions. Low levels of learning among firms is found. They use the local knowledge, historically produced within the area with little absorption and elaboration of external knowledge. On the contrary, the case of Matera–Altamura–Santeramo represents a quite new agglomeration in a rapidly growing industrial network, made up of large and medium size units, in which firms have activated a process of creation of new contextual (and localised) technical knowledge. Here local firms show a notable propensity toward generative learning (new knowledge is absorbed from the outside and combined with the existing local knowledge). Obviously, not all firms in the district are innovative, but a few of them are (particularly certain dominant final firms that head large production networks). While agent proximity favours imitative behaviours, over time, the propagation of knowledge in Forlì has socialised craft-based skills. In contrast, in Matera–Altamura–Santeramo, the existence of a Schumpeterian-driven process, has accelerated the diffusion of new knowledge, stressing the dynamics of an endogenous growth process internally generated by knowledgeable entrepreneurs. A thick network of hierarchical firms has worked as an accelerator of technical change.

Social transmission bias and the cultural evolution of folk-economic beliefs

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Hirshleifer ◽  
Siew Hong Teoh
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Evolution ◽  
Social Transmission ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Economic Attitudes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Economic Beliefs ◽  
Over Time

AbstractEvolved dispositions influence, but do not determine, how people think about economic problems. The evolutionary cognitive approach offers important insights but underweights the social transmission of ideas as a level of explanation. The need for asocialexplanation for the evolution of economic attitudes is evidenced, for example, by immense variations in folk-economic beliefs over time and across individuals.

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