Establishing The Micro Foundations of a Macro Theory: Information, Movers, and the Competitive Local Market for Public Goods

1993 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 702-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Teske ◽  
Mark Schneider ◽  
Michael Mintrom ◽  
Samuel Best
Keyword(s):  
Public Goods ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Market Model ◽  
Current Debate ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Tiebout Model ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Micro Foundations

The Tiebout model of competition in the local market for public goods is an important and controversial theory. The current debate revolves around the apparent disparity between macro empirical studies that show greater efficiency in the supply of public goods in polycentric regions compared to consolidated ones and micro evidence of widespread citizen-consumer ignorance, which has been used to argue that individual actions cannot plausibly lead to efficiency-enhancing competition between local governments. We argue that competitive markets can be driven by a subset of informed consumers who shop around between alternate suppliers and produce pressure for competitive outcomes from which all consumers benefit. Using data from a survey of over five hundred households, we analyze the role of these marginal citizen-consumers and incorporate the costs of information gathering and the strategic interests of local governments into the competitive market model.

Leader humility and employee voice: The role of employees’ regulatory focus and voice-role conception

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
XuHui Li ◽  
Mingze Li ◽  
Jingtao Fu ◽  
Asad Ullah
Keyword(s):  
Leadership Style ◽  
Regulatory Focus ◽  
Role Theory ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Employee Voice ◽  
Role Conception ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Leader Humility

In recent years, a bottom-up leadership style has received considerable attention from researchers. However, few empirical studies have been conducted to explore the link between leader humility and employee voice. Drawing on role theory, in this study we examined the relationship between leader humility and employee voice. Using data from 222 employees and their leaders, our results revealed that leader humility was positively related to employee voice. Voice-role conception fully mediated this relationship. Further, we delineate how employees’ regulatory focus moderates the mediated relationship between leader humility and voice, such that when an employee has a high promotion focus or low prevention focus, leader humility will be more positively related to voice via voice-role conception. These findings will provide guidelines for managers promoting employee voice.

Deciding for Responsibility and Legitimation: Alternative Interpretations of Organizational Decision‐Making

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nils Brunsson
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Decision Processes ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Organizational Decision Making ◽  
Empirical Validity ◽  
Organizational Action ◽  
National Governments

Recent studies have questioned the empirical validity of the equating of decision and choice and pointed at another role that organizational decisions sometimes play — the role of mobilizing organizational action, a role that requires less rationality than choice. But choice and mobilization are not the only roles of decision-making and decisions in organizations. This chapter argues that two additional roles exist — decisions may allocate responsibility and legitimacy to decision-makers and organizations. The chapter also considers how the different roles can explain the design of decision processes, the use of information and the number of decisions in organizations. The discussion is based on empirical studies of decision processes in such organizations: in local governments, national governments, and company boards. The eight decision processes studied concern city budgets, investments and disinvestments, and governmental programmes.

Recognition and Social Esteem: A Case Study of the Struggles of People Affected by Leprosy

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 940-958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Fabrino Mendonça
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Universal Language ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Group Identities ◽  
Social Contributions ◽  
Leprosy Patients ◽  
Social Esteem ◽  
Using Data

This article aims to discuss the role of social esteem in the theory of recognition. It argues that the importance of esteem for self-realization should not be reduced to the affirmation of group identities. In order to support this argument, the article analyzes the struggles of former leprosy patients in Brazil, using data gathered from: (1) a newsletter published by the Movement for the Reintegration of People Affected by Hansen's Disease; and (2) twelve conversation groups conducted in former Brazilian leprosy colonies. The article analyzes the discursive ways through which these individuals sought esteem, which include the confrontation of stigma, the claim of contributing to the accomplishment of social goals and the demonstration of personal achievements. Supporting Honneth's conception of social esteem, the article has three major conclusions. The first one is that justice should not be restricted to the universal language of rights. The second one is that the distinction between struggles based on social contributions and struggles grounded on personal achievements is hard to be made empirically, and that it is misguiding to derive direct consequences from different types of claim. Lastly, the third conclusion concerns the fruitfulness of operationalizing Honneth's abstract realms of recognition in empirical studies.

Ethnic Diversity and Ethnic Discrimination: Explaining Local Public Goods Provision

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (10) ◽  
pp. 1351-1383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Lee
Keyword(s):  
Public Goods ◽  
Ethnic Diversity ◽  
Service Provision ◽  
Ethnic Discrimination ◽  
Local Public Goods ◽  
Public Goods Provision ◽  
Northern India ◽  
Local Problems ◽  
Using Data

Numerous studies have found that ethnic diversity is negatively associated with the provision of local public goods. However, these accounts neglect both the strong role of central institutions in the provision of many “local” public goods and the frequently positive correlation between diversity and the presence of less politically powerful ethnic groups. These factors suggest that existing diversity findings may be explained in some cases by central governments discriminating against areas inhabited by less powerful groups. This hypothesis is tested using data in village-level public goods provision in Northern India, supplemented by data on service provision in Kenyan villages and American cities. While there is evidence that the presence of socially powerful groups is positively associated with service provision, evidence for the diversity hypothesis is weak. The results suggest that failures of public services in diverse areas may reflect larger inequalities within the political system rather than local problems in cooperation.

The Empirical Evidence for Citizen Information and a Local Market for Public Goods

1995 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 705-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Lowery ◽  
W. E. Lyons ◽  
Ruth Hoogland DeHoog ◽  
Paul Teske ◽  
Mark Schneider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
School Districts ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Competitive Market ◽  
Market Model ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Tax Rates ◽  
General Importance

In their 1993 article in this Review, Paul Teske, Mark Schneider, Michael Mintrom, and Samuel Best sought to establish the microfoundations for a model of a competitive market for public services between local governments in polycentric regions. An important part of their model focused on subgroups of informed citizens, especially recent movers. Theoretical analysis was supplemented by an empirical study of the factors shaping accuracy of Long Island homeowners' information about relative expenditures and tax rates of their school districts. David Lowery, W. E. Lyons and Ruth Hoogland DeHoog criticize the relevance of this empirical evidence, suggesting the atypical nature of education as a service (especially in this site) and challenging the sufficiency of the demonstrated levels of information for generating a competitive market. Teske and his colleagues reply by pointing out the general importance of education throughout American local policymaking and by defending the relevance of their measures and conclusions for their market model.

Precolonial Legacies and Institutional Congruence in Public Goods Delivery

2018 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha Wilfahrt
Keyword(s):  
Public Goods ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Politics ◽  
African State ◽  
Social Identities ◽  
Data Set ◽  
West African State ◽  
Group Identities ◽  
Democratic Decentralization

Scholars have long identified political bias in the way African politicians distribute state resources. Much of this literature focuses on the role of group identities, mainly ethnicity, and partisanship. This article shifts the focus to local governments, which have become increasingly important players in basic social service provision, and argues that public goods allocation under democratic decentralization is intimately shaped by historical identities. Specifically, the author highlights the role of identities rooted in the precolonial past. To explain this, she articulates a theory of institutional congruence, arguing that greater spatial overlap between formal institutional space and informal social identities improves the ability of elites to overcome local coordination problems. Looking to the West African state of Senegal, the author deploys a nested analysis, drawing on interviews with rural Senegalese elites to understand how the precolonial past shapes local politics today via the social identities it left behind. She also tests the argument with a unique, geocoded data set of village-level public goods investments in the 2000s, finding that areas that were once home to precolonial states distribute goods more broadly across space. These patterns cannot be explained by ethnic or electoral dynamics. Two brief examples from on-the-line cases illuminate how the presence of precolonial identities facilitates local cooperation. The article thus calls into question the tendency to treat identities as static over time, highlighting the interactive relationship between institutions and identities while drawing attention to emerging subnational variation in local government performance following decentralization reforms across the developing world.

scholarly journals Innovative Contract Solutions for the Provision of Agri-Environmental Climatic Public Goods: A Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6936
Author(s):  
Matteo Olivieri ◽  
Maria Andreoli ◽  
Daniele Vergamini ◽  
Fabio Bartolini
Keyword(s):  
Public Goods ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Public Funding ◽  
Current Debate ◽  
Policy Cycle ◽  
Accurate Design ◽  
Innovative Solutions ◽  
Policy Failures ◽  
New Instruments

Lack of public funding and environmental deterioration are promoting the search for innovative mechanisms enabling to boost farmers’ provision of agri-environmental climate public goods. This work aims to contribute to the current debate by highlighting the role of innovative contractual solutions through a systematic review of more than 60 articles. The review analyses the potential of result-based and collective contracts as innovative solutions compared to action-based instruments, which are those currently most used. The design of innovative contracts and other mechanisms, e.g., auction and screening contracts, can reduce the policy failures due to asymmetric information. The paper emphasises the trade-off between an accurate design of agri-environmental schemes and the related administrative burden, highlighting the need for a better understanding of the role of mechanisms design into the policy cycle. Some new instruments were not analysed in the review, due to the scarcity of literature, and there is the need of more case studies providing information on the effectiveness of instruments when implemented in different contexts. We fill the gap in empirical evidence through a SWOT analysis that evaluates the effectiveness and acceptability of innovative instruments for policy purposes.

The Role of Southeast Sulawesi PPPKMI in Strengthening Health Promotion Strategies As a Covid-19 Response Effort

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-273
Author(s):  
Rahmawati Ramadhan ◽  
Hartati bahar ◽  
Fikki Prasetya
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Professional Organization ◽  
Response Effort ◽  
Appraisal Support ◽  
Promotion Strategies ◽  
Building Activities ◽  
Using Data

Covid-19 is now one world pandemic and efforts health promotion strategies have a very large role to prevent the spread of Covid-19. PPPKMI is a professional organization of health promotion workers who play an important role in strengthening health promotion strategies in Southeast Sulawesi in efforts to overcome Covid-19 . The purpose of this study was to determine the role of the Southeast Sulawesi PPPKMI professional organization in strengthening health promotion strategies as an effort to overcome Covid-19. This type of study is a qualitative study with a phenomenological approach using data collection techniques through observation and in-depth interviews, tracing documents and processed by content analysis. Research informants are PPPKMI administrators, PPPKMI partners, and health promotion workers under the PPPKMI professional organization. According to the results of the study, it was found that the empowerment activities carried out by PPPKMI consisted of self-efficacy and health literacy. Atmosphere Development, consisting of appraisal support, tangiable support, self-esteem support. Advocacy is carried out by providing recommendations to local governments with various prevention recommendations so that this pandemic does not spread further. Therefore, the conclusion of this study is PPPKMI professional organization in strengthening health promotion strategies as a Covid-19  response effort in Southeast Sulawesi in 2021 is carried out using three ways, namely empowerment activities, atmosphere building activities and advocacy activities. All activities are carried out by PPPKMI According to important tasks and goals of activity according to the established laws.

The Effects of Politicization on Performance: The Mediating Role of HRM Practices

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 544-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Fuenzalida ◽  
Norma M. Riccucci
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Deleterious Effect ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Public Agencies ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Hrm Practices ◽  
Using Data

Since politicization persists, threatening public sector governance and management, there is a need to further understand this phenomenon and its consequences. Previous empirical studies conducted predominantly in the United States have found a negative impact of politicization on performance; however, the reasons behind this relationship remain elusive. In this article, we inquire into the effect of politicization on organizational performance, and we propose that such influence can be explained by a deterioration of human resource management (HRM) practices. Using data from a national survey of municipal managers and mayors in Chile, our results confirm the negative impact of politicization on the performance of public agencies, which is partially mediated by politicization’s deleterious effect on their HRM practices.

The Impact of Market Knowledge Competence on New Product Advantage: Conceptualization and Empirical Examination

1998 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 13-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiger Li ◽  
Roger J. Calantone
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
New Product ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Market Knowledge ◽  
Empirical Examination ◽  
Concept Definition ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

Although the role of market knowledge competence in enhancing new product advantage is assumed widely in the literature, empirical studies are lacking because of an absence of the concept definition. In this study, the authors conceptualize market knowledge competence as the processes that generate and integrate market knowledge. The authors test the conceptual model using data collected from the software industry. The findings show that each of the three processes of market knowledge competence exerts a positive influence on new product advantage. The results also reveal a positive association between new product advantage and product market performance. The findings regarding the antecedents indicate that the perceived importance of market knowledge by top management has the largest impact on the processes of market knowledge competence.

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