The Maize Tamale in Classic Maya Diet, Epigraphy, and Art

1989 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl A. Taube
Keyword(s):  
Classic Maya ◽  
Water Group ◽  
Linguistic Data ◽  
Principal Subject ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
Phonetic Value

Iconographic, epigraphic, and linguistic data provide new evidence that the tamale constituted the primary maize food of Classic Maya diet. Archaeological and ethnohistoric data pertaining to the tamale and tortilla are reviewed and discussed in terms of the widespread representation of the tamale in Classic Maya epigraphy and art. Iconographic forms of the tamale are isolated and compared with hieroglyphic signs. Glyphs T:14, 39, 86, 130, 135, 506, 507, 754, 577, 584, and 739 are identified as representations of the tamale. Affix T130 contains either of two tamale types, both possessing the phonetic value wa or wah in the ancient script. This syllable provides readings for the Postclassic water group, the action of standing, and an unusual emblem glyph possibly referring to a supernatural region. In addition, the two tamale forms of T130 provide partial readings for the Classic terms for the numbers six, eight, and the name glyph of God N. It is suggested that the tamale constituted an important offering in Classic ritual, and is a principal subject of 819-day cycle texts.

The Vanderbilt Petexbatun Regional Archaeological Project 1989–1994: Overview, History, and Major Results of a Multidisciplinary Study of the Classic Maya collapse

1997 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur A. Demarest
Keyword(s):  
Social Organization ◽  
Classic Maya ◽  
Classic Period ◽  
Multidisciplinary Study ◽  
Design Structure ◽  
Maya Civilization ◽  
History Of ◽  
Archaeological Project ◽  
Maya Collapse ◽  
New Evidence

AbstractThe background, research design, structure, personnel, and history of investigations of the Vanderbilt Petexbatun Archaeological Project are summarized and critiqued. The major findings of each of the dozen subprojects of this multidisciplinary investigation of Maya civilization in the southwestern Peten region of Guatemala are reviewed. Subproject results include important new evidence on Classic Maya history, warfare, ecology, nutrition, cave ritual, social organization, and trade. These are summarized with particular emphasis on the implications of the Petexbatun findings for theories of the decline of southern lowland Maya civilization at the end of the Classic period.

NEW EVIDENCE FOR POLITICAL HIERARCHY AND POWER IN THE NORTHERN MAYA LOWLANDS (a.d.600–1000)

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Graña-Behrens
Keyword(s):  
Northern Region ◽  
Classic Maya ◽  
Political Organization ◽  
Ancient Maya ◽  
Maya Lowlands ◽  
Personal Names ◽  
Political Hierarchy ◽  
And Function ◽  
Meaning And Function ◽  
New Evidence

AbstractThis paper presents new evidence for hierarchy and power among the Classic Maya (a.d.300–1000) from the northern lowlands. It expands the list of identified emblem glyphs, and, more particularly, focuses on emblems with numerals by questioning their meaning and function in terms of political organization. Furthermore, the paper centers on syntax, especially on the practice of structuring personal names and titles in order to isolate titles and emblem glyphs, as well as to rank individuals and further advance our understanding of ancient Maya political organization. Finally, a dynastic sequence of rulers and noblemen from the Chan or Kan kingdom (most probably Jaina) is proposed, as well as divergent monumental traditions within the northern region and a re-evaluation of interpolity relationships.

Ouder dan je zou denken

Lampas ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-415
Author(s):  
Willemijn Waal
Keyword(s):  
Administrative Records ◽  
Linguistic Data ◽  
Classical Studies ◽  
The Moment ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
Alphabetic Writing

Summary Though it is generally agreed upon that the Greeks borrowed (and modified) the alphabet from the Phoenicians, there is no consensus about the moment when this took place. Over the years, several dates have been proposed, ranging from the 14th to the 8th – 7th century BCE. In classical studies the prevalent opinion is that the alphabet was introduced in or shortly before the 8th century BCE, when the first attestations of Greek alphabetic writing appear. There are, however, quite a number of indications (from existing and new evidence) that plead for a much earlier date. In this article, an analysis of the presently available archaeological, epigraphic and linguistic data will be presented to argue the case for an introduction in the 11th century BCE at the latest. The earliest documents, which were in all likelihood economic and administrative records, have not come down to us, because they were written on perishable materials.

EARLY CLASSIC ARCHITECTURE BENEATH THE COPAN ACROPOLIS

1999 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Sharer ◽  
Loa P. Traxler ◽  
David W. Sedat ◽  
Ellen E. Bell ◽  
Marcello A. Canuto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Political Power ◽  
State Level ◽  
Classic Maya ◽  
Classic Period ◽  
Late Classic ◽  
Final Version ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
External Connections

Excavations beneath the Copan Acropolis provide the most complete record known for the origins and development of an Early Classic Maya royal complex (ca. a.d. 420–650). Beginning at the time of the historically identified dynastic founder, the earliest levels include the first royal compound, centered on a small talud-tablero platform, a vaulted tomb that may be that of the founder, and an adjacent tomb that may be that of the founder's wife and dynastic matriarch. The timing and development of architecture provide evidence of the founding and growth of Copan as the capital of a Classic-period polity during the reigns of the first seven kings (a.d. 426–544). By the reigns of Rulers 8–11 (a.d. 544–628), the Early Classic Acropolis covered about the same area as its final version in the Late Classic. Documentation of specific Acropolis buildings provides evidence of the external connections that reinforced the authority of Copan's Early Classic kings. Building sequences reflect the perpetuation of political power by using important locations as symbolic links to the sacred past. The Early Classic Acropolis also provides new evidence for the beginnings of palace architecture that have important implications for the origins of Maya state-level organizations. Overall, the findings from the Early Classic Copan Acropolis promise to significantly advance our understanding of the origins and development of Maya state systems.

Radiocarbon Dates and the Maya Correlation Problem

1956 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 416-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linton Satterthwaite
Keyword(s):  
Classic Maya ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Final Choice ◽  
Correlation Problem ◽  
Press Report ◽  
New Evidence

This is a plea for caution in using recent and important radiocarbon results as controls in correlating the Classic Maya Long Count with our own chronology. A final choice among alternative day-for-day hypotheses must condition one's view of the meaning of the calendar and of astronomy in Mesoamerican cultures generally. More is at stake than the firm dating of archaeological periods, important as that is, and in our desire for a decision there is danger of oversimplifying the problem. Already there has been a press report that the Spinden 12.9.0.0.0 correlation has been established, though equal support in the new evidence can be claimed for an alternative 12.9.0.0.0 hypothesis of Makemson. Nonspecialists wishing to form opinions as to specific correlations must still study the evidence as a whole. Three excellent summaries, well-spaced in time, have been published by Thompson (1935, 1950) and Andrews (1940).

Analysis of Obsidian from Moho Cay, Belize: New Evidence on Classic Maya Trade Routes

Science ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 225 (4660) ◽  
pp. 414-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. F. HEALY ◽  
H. I. MCKILLOP ◽  
B. WALSH
Keyword(s):  
Classic Maya ◽  
Trade Routes ◽  
New Evidence

Systematic effects in observed parallaxes

1978 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
R. B. Hanson
Keyword(s):  
Error Estimates ◽  
Zero Point ◽  
Absolute Zero ◽  
Apparent Magnitude ◽  
Coherent System ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
General Catalogue ◽  
Systematic Effects ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
Right Ascension

Several outstanding problems affecting the existing parallaxes should be resolved to form a coherent system for the new General Catalogue proposed by van Altena, as well as to improve luminosity calibrations and other parallax applications. Lutz has reviewed several of these problems, such as: (A) systematic differences between observatories, (B) external error estimates, (C) the absolute zero point, and (D) systematic observational effects (in right ascension, declination, apparent magnitude, etc.). Here we explore the use of cluster and spectroscopic parallaxes, and the distributions of observed parallaxes, to bring new evidence to bear on these classic problems. Several preliminary results have been obtained.

MERLIN Finds New Evidence of Ranolazine Safety

2007 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
BRUCE JANCIN
Keyword(s):  
New Evidence
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