Nauyalik Fish Camp: An Ethnoarchaeological Study in Activity-Area Formation

1988 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Chang
Keyword(s):  
Food Processing ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Adaptive Strategies ◽  
Equipment Maintenance ◽  
Cultural System ◽  
Activity Area ◽  
Time Motion ◽  
Motion Studies ◽  
Activity Areas

This ethnoarchaeological study of an Inupiat Eskimo fish camp examines the formation of activity areas through time-motion studies and the analyses of activity episodes. These observations on two adults using the site during the summer of 1982 are used as examples of how spatially discrete activity areas are shaped by behavioral processes. In this case, activity-area formation is tied to the adaptive strategies of the Inupiat Eskimo cultural system. Specific subsistence-related activities such as food processing, animal butchering, and equipment maintenance leave material residues after tasks are completed. Cognitive and adaptive aspects of the Inupiat cultural system contribute to the spatial organization of this fish camp.

Comparison of Time spent between an electronic and a paper-based laboratory information system by laboratorians at a polyclinic in Greater Accra, Ghana: A time-motion study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Boakye
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Laboratory Information System ◽  
Time Motion ◽  
Accessible Information ◽  
Motion Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Significant Negative Impact ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Motion Studies

The acceptance of electronic laboratory information system (LIS) is gradually increasing in developing countries. However, the issue of time effectiveness due to computerization is less clear as there is fewer accessible information. One of the key issues for laboratorians is their indecision with LISs’ would-be effect of time on their work. A polyclinic in Ghana was in the process of implementing electronic LIS. Several of the laboratorians did not have knowledge and skill in computing and there were disagreeing views on the time effectiveness of the LIS after implementation. The management of the polyclinic laboratory was concerned to assess time advantageousness of recording data when using the electronic LIS compared with paper-based LIS. <div><br></div><div>Five randomly selected laboratorians were provided two sheets of paper with tables to document the time they spent for both paper-based and electronic LIS. Data were collected for a total of 230 records,115 electronic LIS and 115 paper-based LIS. The t-test (mean-comparison test) was computed to compare the means of both electronic and paperbased LIS times. </div><div><br></div><div>There was a statistical significant difference in the time spent between electronic and paper-based LIS. The time spent between paper-based and electronic LIS was 0.41 minutes (95% CI 0.15 to 0.66) longer than in electronic LIS. </div><div><br></div><div>LIS can be adopted in polyclinics without having significant negative impact on time spent between electronic and paper-based LIS. More time–motion studies that include laboratorians are however necessary in order to get a more complete picture of time spent between electronic and paper-based LIS. </div>

scholarly journals Time motion studies in healthcare: What are we talking about?

2014 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 292-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Lopetegui ◽  
Po-Yin Yen ◽  
Albert Lai ◽  
Joseph Jeffries ◽  
Peter Embi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Motion ◽  
Motion Studies

scholarly journals In-Field Performance of Biomass Balers

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 568-580
Author(s):  
Robert “Bobby” Grisso ◽  
Erin G. Webb ◽  
John S. Cundiff
Keyword(s):  
Field Data ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Maximum Throughput ◽  
Machine Performance ◽  
Time Motion ◽  
Management Concepts ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Motion Studies ◽  
The Relationship

Herbaceous biomass will contribute significantly to meeting renewable energy goals. Harvesting equipment for hay is generally suitable for mowing, raking, and baling grasses such as switchgrass; however, there is a need for field data to better understand machine performance in energy crops. The purpose of this study was to collect field data to estimate baler field capacity, throughput, and speed. Data gathered with a Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) unit during baling provided time-motion studies of baler productivity. Six fields were used to compare field capacity, speed, and throughput results from four round balers and one large-square baler. The results show that in-field performance of round balers is significantly affected by yield, but that the relationship can be represented with machinery management concepts, knowledge of maximum throughput, and wrap-eject time. Baler performance will be overestimated if the yield, maximum throughput, and wrap-eject time are not correctly accounted for.

scholarly journals Picturing Efficiency: Precisionism, Scientific Management, and the Effacement of Labor

2003 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHARON CORWIN
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Scientific Management ◽  
Artistic Production ◽  
Formal Economy ◽  
Time Motion ◽  
Motion Studies

ABSTRACT In the early decades of the twentieth century, the pursuit of efficiency came to dominate instances of industrial and artistic production: the engineering consultants Frank and Lillian Gilbreth attempted to visualize a language of minimal waste, while Precisionist art achieved its own aesthetic of efficiency. This essay examines the Precisionist project alongside the discourses of the rationalized factory and suggests a relationship between the formal economy of Precisionism and the rhetoric of scientific management. For Precisionist art and the Gilbreths' time-motion studies, the representation of efficiency ultimately entailed the elision of artist and worker as producers of labor.

Activity area during the breeding season of Varanus gouldii (Reptilia : Varanidae) in an urban environment.

1994 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 633 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Activity Area ◽  
Mean Size ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Activity Areas

The activity area of ten Varanus gouldii in Karrakatta Cemetery, Perth, Western Australia, was measured by daily locations obtained by telemetry, during the breeding season (October-December) in 1992. The mean size of activity area was 8.91 ha; activity area was positively correlated with body size. There were significant overlaps in activity areas and no evidence of territoriality for male or female V. gouldii. The animals often foraged in areas of dense leaf litter near the periphery of their activity area and retreated to burrows that were more centrally located.

Static and Dynamic Characteristics of Toothbrushing

1974 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 312-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
John G. Kreifeldt ◽  
Percy H. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Characteristics ◽  
Human Factor ◽  
Task Engagement ◽  
Static And Dynamic Characteristics ◽  
Fine Grain ◽  
Time Motion ◽  
Plaque Control ◽  
Motion Studies ◽  
System Interfaces ◽  
Principal Method

Manual toothbrushing is the principal method in general use for accomplishing the goal of plaque control for home dental care. This goal has not been achieved, which suggests that there is considerable room for integrated redesign in what must be regarded as a man-tool system with strong human factor components. Design in man-tool systems requires knowledge of the system objects (man, tool, task), system interfaces (man-tool: manipulation, tool-task: engagement) and system interactions (relating objects to interfaces.) This report furnishes a fine-grain analysis of toothbrushing, obtained through time-motion studies, which describes static and dynamic characteristics of manipulation and engagement and interactions in the man-tool system. Several suggested design caveats based on these results are given.

scholarly journals Implementing Decision Coaching for Lung Cancer Screening in the Low-Dose Computed Tomography Setting

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e703-e725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa M. Lowenstein ◽  
Myrna Cobos Barco Godoy ◽  
Jeremy J. Erasmus ◽  
Zineb Zirari ◽  
Alina Bennett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Lung Cancer Screening ◽  
Shared Decision ◽  
Clinical Encounters ◽  
Time Motion ◽  
Motion Studies ◽  
Low Dose Computed Tomography

PURPOSE: The uptake of shared decision making (SDM) for lung cancer screening (LCS) as required by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) is suboptimal. Alternative models for delivering SDM are needed, such as decision coaching in the low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) setting. METHODS AND MATERIALS: The Replicating Effective Programs framework guided our implementation of decision coaching, which included a patient-facilitated component before screening followed by in-person coaching that addressed the required elements for the SDM visit from CMS. We surveyed two LCS patient cohorts (pre-implementation and implementation of decision coaching) about their knowledge of LCS and perception of the SDM process. We conducted time-motion studies to assess the feasibility of implementing decision coaching and audio recorded clinical encounters from the implementation cohort to assess fidelity of the SDM conversation to the CMS requirements. RESULTS: Compared with the pre-implementation cohort (n = 51), the implementation cohort (n = 30) had greater knowledge of LCS ( P < .01) and reported a better SDM process ( P = .01). Coaching took 7.6 ± 4.1 minutes and did not increase visit time ( P = .72). Coaches addressed an average of 6.4 of 7 SDM elements required by CMS. CONCLUSION: Decision coaching in the LDCT setting provides an opportunity for patients to confirm their screening decision by ensuring that patients are truly informed about the potential harms and benefits of LCS. The decision coaching had excellent fidelity in addressing the required SDM elements from CMS and is feasible.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document