Abandonment and Post-Abandonment Behavior at a Rural Central American House-Site

1972 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick W. Lange ◽  
Charles R. Rydberg
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Material Culture ◽  
Central American ◽  
Archaeological Record ◽  
Archaeological Investigation ◽  
Archaeological Data ◽  
House Site ◽  
American House

AbstractExamination of a recently abandoned modern rural house-site in northern Costa Rica was undertaken in an attempt to gain insights into the absence of comparable sites from the Precolumbian archaeological record. The site was thoroughly described, a number of hypotheses based on artifactual evidence were advanced, and the former occupants were then interviewed. Abandonment and post-abandonment behavior by the occupants and others stongly influenced the material culture remains and potential archaeological data. The site had been subjected to a number of alterations and artifacts found were of the lowest retentive priority. A number of problems relevant to archaeological investigation at such sites were elucidated.

Archaeology and Magic

2020 ◽  
pp. 173-200
Author(s):  
C. Riley Augé
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Material Culture ◽  
Archaeological Record ◽  
Archaeological Investigation ◽  
Magical Power ◽  
Boundary Construction ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Identification Model

This final chapter revisits the volume’s goals to draw conclusions about apotropaic material culture classification and its archaeological presence, the relationship between gendered fear and apotropaic use, risk management contexts, and boundary construction implications based upon the data abstracted, analyzed, and interpreted through the book. At this point a revised criterion model for recognition of magic and ritual in the historical archaeological record is offered for future researchers as a complementary model to the ritual identification model that is currently available and most referenced by archaeologists attempting to recognize and understand indications of belief in magical power in the archaeological record. Lastly, recommendations are proposed for continuing historical and archaeological investigation of magic including sacred measurement, plants, and symbols as elements revealing gendered behaviors to protect and control their lives.

The native British

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Rippon
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Material Culture ◽  
Fourth Century ◽  
Archaeological Record ◽  
Anglo Saxon ◽  
Roman Britain ◽  
Archaeological Investigation ◽  
Farming Communities ◽  
Southern Scandinavia ◽  
New Settlements

By the fourth century AD, the landscape of Roman Britain was densely settled and archaeological surveys and excavations have consistently shown that most lowland areas supported farming communities, including on the heavier claylands (Smith et al. 2016). Thereafter the character of the archaeological record changes dramatically with the appearance of settlements, cemeteries, and material culture whose ‘Anglo-Saxon’ cultural affinities lay in northern Germany and southern Scandinavia (Chapters 8–9). All too often, however, ‘Anglo-Saxon’ England is discussed in a way that implies that settlements characterized by Grubenhäuser and cemeteries furnished with Germanic grave goods were characteristic of the whole of eastern England (e.g. Welch 1992; Lucy 2000; Tipper 2004; Hamerow 2012), whereas detailed local studies have suggested that this was not the case. In areas such as Sussex (Welch 1983) and Lincolnshire (Green 2012) evidence for Anglo-Saxon colonization has only been found in certain parts of the landscape, and the potential reasons for ‘blank’ spots in the distribution of Anglo-Saxon settlement are complex: they may in part simply reflect areas where there has been less archaeological investigation, or that these areas were unattractive for settlement. There is, however, another possibility: that these distributions are not a record of where people were and were not living, but a reflection of how the cultural identity of early medieval communities varied from area to area, and that some of these identities are archaeologically less visible than others. There has long been speculation that at least some of the ‘blank areas’ in the distributions of Anglo-Saxon settlements and cemeteries reflect the places where native British populations remained in control of the landscape. West (1985, 168), for example, noted the lack of early Anglo-Saxon settlement on the East Anglian claylands, and speculated that this is where a substantial Romano- British population remained: ‘did they survive somehow, perhaps in a basically aceramic condition, or were they, in the main, drawn to the new settlements on the lighter soils to become slaves or some subordinate stratum of society, as indicated by later documentary evidence, or was the population drastically reduced by pestilence or genocide?’ (West 1985, 168).

A Reversal of Fortune: Problematical Deposit 50, Tikal, Guatemala

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Hattula Moholy-Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
Classic Period ◽  
Archaeological Record ◽  
Maya Lowlands ◽  
Archaeological Data ◽  
Interregional Interaction ◽  
Origin Function ◽  
Early Classic Period ◽  
Reversal Of Fortune

The contents, context, and date of Problematical Deposit 50 bear on the origin, function, and meaning of Teotihuacan stylistic traits in the Southern Maya Lowlands. Archaeological data and material culture research appear to support emulation and adaptation by local rulers and elites, while an actual presence of Teotihuacanos is asserted by epigraphy and iconography. PD 50, the partial contents of a probable Early Classic chamber burial, appears to support local emulation, but an extraordinary pottery vessel, nicknamed here the “Arrival Bowl,” implies direct contact. The chronology and archaeological context demonstrate that the appearance of Teotihuacan stylistic traits at Tikal during the later Early Classic period is functionally distinct from the goods distributed over an interregional interaction sphere of much longer duration in which both Central Mexico and the Maya area participated. Furthermore, together with other features at Tikal, PD 50 suggests that adoption of Teotihuacan ideology by Tikal's elite was eventually met with resistance that contributed to the violence at the end of the Early Classic period that is manifested in the archaeological record.

Redescription of the Central American genus Moribaetis Waltz & McCafferty 1985 (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4521 (2) ◽  
pp. 231
Author(s):  
NIKITA J. KLUGE ◽  
JUAN A. BERNAL VEGA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Central American ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Single Male ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
A New Species

A new definition for the genus Moribaetis Waltz & McCafferty 1985 is given. Its type species, Moribaetis maculipennis (Flowers 1979) is redescribed based on male and female imagoes reared from larvae near the type locality in Panama. Larvae, formerly wrongly attributed to Moribaetis salvini (Eaton 1885), and a male imago, formerly wrongly attributed to Moribaetis macaferti Waltz 1985, belong to a new species Moribaetis latipennis sp. n., which is described here based on a male imago reared from larva in Panama. Both species, M. maculipennis and M. latipennis sp. n., are distinct from M. salvini, which is known as a single male imago (lectotype) from Costa Rica. All other species, formerly attributed to Moribaetis, are excluded from this genus; a new combination Caribaetis macaferti comb. n. is proposed for the species originally described as Moribaetis macaferti Waltz (in Waltz & McCafferty) 1985, and a new combination Baetis (Rhodobaetis) mimbresaurus comb. n. is proposed for the species originally described as Moribaetis mimbresaurus McCafferty 2007. 

scholarly journals Quality Control of a Boldo Tisanes Brand Commercialized in Costa Rica Following the Central American Technical Regulation for Natural Products

2020 ◽  
Vol 06 (01) ◽  
pp. 123-132
Author(s):  
Gamboa Camacho Stefanny ◽  
Gonzalez Vargas Omar ◽  
Guevara Saborio Gloriana ◽  
Murillo Castillo Brayan ◽  
Loria Gutierrez Arlene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Natural Products ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
Central American ◽  
Technical Regulation

scholarly journals Onko uralilaisen etnohistorian tutkimuksessa tapahtunut käänne? Monitieteisyys ja uudet teoriat itämerensuomalaisten kielten synnystä Valter Langin Homo Fennicuksen valossa

2021 ◽  
pp. 289-298
Author(s):  
Janne Saarikivi
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Language Contact ◽  
Early History ◽  
Archaeological Data ◽  
Comprehensive Account ◽  
Language Groups ◽  
History Of ◽  
Loan Word

The question as to how the linguistic and archaeological data can be combined together to create a comprehensive account on the prehistory of present ethnicities is a debated issue around the globe. In particular, the identification of the new language groups in the material remnants of a particular area, or discerning in the material culture correlates for the language contact periods reflected in the loan word layers are complex and often probably insolvable questions. Regarding the early history of the Finns and the related people, Valter Lang’s new monograph on the archaeology of Estonia and the “arrivals of the Finnic people” (Läänemeresoome tulemised, 2018) has been considered a paradigm changing work in this respect. In my article I argue that despite undisputed progress in this ouevre, many of the old questions regarding time, place and method are still in place.

scholarly journals Physicochemical and Microbiological Assays for Quality Evaluation of a Brand of Mentha piperita Tisanes in Costa Rica Market: Employment of the Central American Technical Regulation

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 329-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan José Mora Román ◽  
Natalia Agüero Brenes ◽  
Camila Angulo Morales ◽  
Jose Castro Solís ◽  
Gabriela Hidalgo Carrillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Central American ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Technical Regulation ◽  
Mentha Spicata ◽  
Mentha Aquatica ◽  
Batch Number

Mentha piperita is a natural hybrid of water mint (Mentha aquatica) and spearmint (Mentha spicata L.), that are consumed as tisanes. For that reason, the present work evaluated physicochemical and microbiological aspects for the quality control of a commercial brand of Mentha piperita herbal tea distributed in Costa Rica, using assays established by the Central American Technical Regulation (RTCA) 11.03.56.09 (Pharmaceutical products. Natural medicinal products for human use. Quality verification), and determined if they have uniformity for different batches of this brand. To verify the quality of three batches of this product, the following assays were done: Labeling requirements, organoleptic, minimum fill, foreign organic matter, loss on drying, total ash, acid-insoluble ash, lead and arsenic limits, microbial enumerations and specific microorganisms (E. coli and Salmonella sp.) assays. As conclusion, the batches were in compliance for all the assays, except for labeling test, since information corresponding to the primary (batch number and expiration date) and secondary packaging (qualitative-quantitative composition of active ingredients interactions and adverse effects) were not presented. Furthermore, one of the batches did not have information about the employment, contraindications and warnings. Also, the manufacturing company maintained a good reproducibility between one batch and another, and the improvements that can be made are in the product labeling and better controls in its filling. Keywords: Natural product, Mentha piperita, quality control, tisane, pharmacopoeia, Central American Technical Regulation.

scholarly journals Cultural Transform di Situs Benteng Putri Hijau

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (27) ◽  
pp. 165-178
Author(s):  
Stanov Purnawibowo
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Transformation ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Archaeological Record ◽  
Archaeological Data ◽  
The Past

AbstractArchaeology not only describing about the past, but also present. The form of cultural transformation process which describe the process of archaeological record disposition in the post-depositoanal factors, one of example form describe from present. Cultural transformation of archaeological record was found in Benteng Putri Hijau site. Precipitation position of archaeological data and stratigraphy can give information about cultural transformation data and contexts remain found in archaeological deposition.

scholarly journals Relative abundance and activity patterns of terrestrial mammals in Pacuare Nature Reserve, Costa Rica

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
Stephanny Arroyo-Arce ◽  
Ian Thomson ◽  
Carlos Fernandez ◽  
Roberto Salom-Perez
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Camera Trap ◽  
Central American ◽  
Leopardus Pardalis ◽  
Terrestrial Mammals ◽  
History Of

Located in Costa Rica, Pacuare Nature Reserve has a long established history of wildlife monitoring programs primarily focused on species of nesting marine turtles and the Agami herons (Agamia agami) found within the reserve. Our research represents the first as­sessment on the local terrestrial mammal populations. Data was col­lected by using seven camera trap stations distributed within the boundaries of the reserve. From April 2015 to March 2016, and after a total of 1 643 camera trap nights, we were able to identify 11 terres­trial mammalian species distributed in six orders and nine families. The most abundant species was the common opossum (Didelphis marsu­pialis), followed by the ocelot (Leopardus pardalis). A noticeably ab­sent species, otherwise common throughout the area, was the Central American agouti (Dasyprocta punctata). Our results are similar to those from other protected areas in the Northeastern Caribbean coast of Costa Rica.

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