A Prehistoric Method of Collecting Water

1944 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert H. Schroeder
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
National Monument ◽  
A Site

While in the field, running a stabilization survey at Wupatki National Monument, the writer and Phillip Van Cleave, an assistant, encountered a site which illustrates another method utilized by the prehistoric Indians in dealing with the problem of water supply in this arid region.

An Iron Age A site on the Chilterns

1951 ◽  
Vol 31 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 132-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Richardson ◽  
Alison Young
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
The West ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Roman Villa ◽  
Adjoining Area ◽  
Cursory Examination ◽  
A Site ◽  
The Hill

In 1946 a visit to the barrow, which lies on the edge of the western scarp of Chinnor Common, and a cursory examination of the adjoining area, cultivated during the war, resulted in finds of pottery and other objects indicating Iron Age occupation. The site lies on the saddleback of a Chiltern headland, at a height of about 800 ft. O.D. Two hollow ways traverse the western scarp, giving access to the area from the Upper Icknield Way, which contours the foot of the hill, then drops to cross the valley, passing some 600 yards to the north of the Iron Age site of Lodge Hill, Bledlow, and rising again continues northwards under Pulpit Hill camp and the Ellesborough Iron Age pits below Coombe Hill. The outlook across the Oxford plain to the west is extensive, embracing the hill-fort of Sinodun, clearly visible some fourteen miles distant on the farther bank of the Thames. The hollow way at the north-west end of the site leads down to a group of ‘rises’ hard by the remains of a Roman villa, and these springs are, at the present day, the nearest water-supply to the site.

WEATHERING PITS VERSUS TRAMPLE MARKS: A REINTERPRETATION OF THE “DINOSAUR DANCE FLOOR”: A JURASSIC NAVAJO SANDSTONE SURFACE IN THE VERMILION CLIFFS NATIONAL MONUMENT, ARIZONA

Palaios ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (11) ◽  
pp. 331-338
Author(s):  
BRENT H. BREITHAUPT ◽  
MARJORIE A. CHAN ◽  
WINSTON M. SEILER ◽  
NEFFRA A. MATTHEWS
Keyword(s):  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Lower Jurassic ◽  
Dance Floor ◽  
Navajo Sandstone ◽  
National Monument ◽  
A Site

ABSTRACT Within the eolian Lower Jurassic Navajo Sandstone, exposed in the Coyote Buttes area of Vermilion Cliffs National Monument in Arizona, a site (informally known as the “Dinosaur Dance Floor”) is reinterpreted as an enigmatic, modified (possibly pedogenic) eolian surface that was exposed and further modified and accentuated by modern weathering and erosion. The resultant surface is covered with small, shallow potholes or weathering pits, with no direct evidence of dinosaur activity.

The first Mid-Blancan occurrence of Agriotherium (Ursidae) In North America: A record from Hagerman Fossil Beds National Monument, Idaho

2009 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 597-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua X. Samuels ◽  
Julie A. Meachen-Samuels ◽  
Philip A. Gensler
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
National Monument ◽  
Extant Genus ◽  
A Site ◽  
Land Mammal

Members of the subfamily Ursinae dispersed into North America from Africa and Asia during the Miocene, with the appearance of Ursavus (Schlosser, 1899), Indarctos (Pilgrim, 1913), and Agriotherium (Wagner, 1837) (Dalquest, 1986; Miller and Carranza-Castañeda, 1996; Hunt, 1998). However, none of these genera were thought to have survived past the Hemphillian Land Mammal Age in North America. It is thought that these genera were replaced, and possibly out-competed, by members of the extant genus Ursus (Linnaeus, 1758), or Plionarctos (Frick, 1926), as suggested by several sources (Bjork, 1970; Dalquest, 1986; Bell et al., 2004). It has also been suggested that the Ursavini (Agriotherium and Indarctos) may have given rise to the extant ursids and the Tremarctinae (Harrison, 1983; Miller and Carranza-Castañeda, 1996). Of the Ursavini, Agriotherium is consistently found in the Hemphillian Land Mammal Age, and so is used as an index fossil in that its absence is assumed to indicate that a site is Blancan rather than Hemphillian (Lundelius et al., 1987; Bell et al., 2004; Hunt, 2004).

The Artabba Fortress (E.P. 364): The Discovery of a Hasmonean-Herodian Fortress on the Northern Border of Judea

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-96
Author(s):  
Dvir Raviv ◽  
Aharon Tavger
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Second Temple ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Development Work ◽  
Second Temple Period ◽  
Architectural Elements ◽  
Northern Border ◽  
History Of ◽  
A Site ◽  
And Storage

The Artabba fortress, a site until recently unknown, is located at the summit of a high hill; its monumental remains were exposed by chance during development work carried out by residents of the nearby village of Deir Abu Mash’al. The remains included fortifications, architectural elements, five huge cisterns, ritual baths and storage pits, as well as various rock cuttings and numerous potsherds from the Hellenistic and Early Roman periods. These finds, especially the fortifications and the impressive water-supply system, are the principal features of sites in the Judean Desert and the settled areas of the country where there were fortresses from the Second Temple period. The archaeological finds, in conjunction with geographical and historical information, make it possible to date the fortress to the time from the reign of Simeon the Hasmonean to the end of Herod’s reign. The discovery of the Artabba fortress sheds light on the history of settlement in northern Judea in the Second Temple period.

An integrated approach to water conservation for large users

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 625-632
Author(s):  
Guenter Hauber-Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Hierarchical Approach ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Sustainable Water Supply ◽  
A Site

Water conservation programs targeted at large users will play an integral role securing water supplies for cities in years to come. A hierarchical approach to water conservation—reducing consumption as a priority, then considering internal re-use of water and replacement of potable water with alternative sources—should be the key principle in sustainable water management. The application of this approach relies on a sound understanding of water consumption at a site: where water is used, why, when and how. This entails smart- and sub-metering of the water supply and detailed analysis of site activities to produce a site water balance. The hierarchical approach can then be applied, and conservation options can be costed to assess financial viability. ‘Packaging’ measures with different payback times together should be considered, along with funding support available. Based on implemented projects in Australia, an estimated 30% of potable water consumption within the commercial and industrial sectors could be saved at attractive payback periods. By adopting this integrated water conservation and management approach the same outcomes can be achieved with less potable water consumption. Appropriate source substitution is a pillar of sustainable water supply, providing water at less environmental, social and financial cost than the alternatives.

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