Spatial and Multivariate Analysis, Random Sampling Error, and Analytical Noise: Empirical Bayesian Methods at Teotihuacan, Mexico

1999 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian G. Robertson

Methods of empirical Bayesian statistical inference can help archaeologists deal with problems inherent in variably-sized and, particularly, small artifact samples. The desirability of systematically controlling random effects of sampling error when mapping estimates of artifact type proportions is emphasized in this paper, and concrete examples are provided using ceramic data from the Central Mexican city of Teotihuacan. A Bayesian approach also may be beneficial for pretreating data destined for other kinds of quantitative analysis, such as exploratory multivariate analysis. Correspondence analysis using observed proportions of different types of pottery in assemblages pertaining to the Xolalpan and Metepec phases produces vague results that suggest little in the way of interpretable structure. However, a parallel analysis using posterior estimates of proportions reveals meaningful associations of ceramic categories that appear to relate to more general dimensions of behavioral variability.

Author(s):  
W. Ma ◽  
P. C. Zhang ◽  
J. X. Zhang ◽  
Y. L. Shang ◽  
Y. S. Zhao ◽  
...  

Abstract. Based on the requirements of quality supervision inspection for national surveying and mapping, this paper has carried out research on sampling and auxiliary sampling technology and sampling system for quality inspection targets for different objects and different types of surveying results. The study designed the quantitative random sampling scheme of the random inspection objects considering the principle of supervision and spot check of surveying and mapping quality. It also designed the stratification scheme of surveying and mapping results under different quality inspection targets and object conditions, and the stratified adjustment scheme with prior quality information. Based on the above scheme, the national surveying and mapping supervision inspection sampling system based on the project rolling pool and the stratified random auxiliary sampling prototype system for the quality inspection target of surveying and mapping results are implemented. In recent years, they have been widely used in the national surveying and mapping geographic information supervision inspection and surveying and mapping results quality inspection, which guaranteed the scientific and reasonable determination of surveying and mapping quality supervision inspection objects, and solved problems in the quality inspection of surveying results, such as unreasonable stratification in manual sampling, and inevitable error in random sampling. This is of great significance for further improving sampling efficiency, reducing sampling error, reducing sampling risk, and promoting informatization of quality inspection.


2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Erlina

AbstrakUsaha peternakan itik alabio di Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara belum berkembang sebagaimana mestinya ditunjukkan 80 persen peternak kepemilikannya dibawah 500 ekor. Pengembangan agribisnis itik alabio dengan  memperhatikan semua subsistem menjadi penting agar diperoleh tingkat produksi dan pendapatan maksimal.Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengkaji keterkaitan antar subsistem agribisnis itik alabio petelur terhadap produksi dan pendapatan peternak. Penelitian menggunakan metode survey, penentuan sampel peternak memakai teknik stratified random sampling, sedangkan sampel pedagang, breeder dan pembesaran melalui teknik purposive. Hipotesis diuji dengan analisis multivariat, uji F dan uji T. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengembangan agribisnis melalui peningkatan produksi dapat dilakukan dengan memperhatikan sumber bibit, harga kandang, jumlah pakan, jumlah tenaga kerja dan biaya pemasaran, sedangkan melalui peningkatan pendapatan dengan memperhatikan sumber bibit, harga bibit, harga kandang, jumlah pakan dan biaya pemasaran. Secara bersama-sama semua subsistem menentukan namun secara parsial subsistem lembaga penunjang tidak menentukan tingkat produksi dan pendapatan peternak.Kata kunci : Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara, itik alabio, pengembangan gribisnis.AbstractAlabio duck farming businesses in Hulu Sungai Utara district have not yet been developed as it should be, it indicated that 80 percent of the owners farmers just owned under 500 ducks. Alabio duck agribusiness development with attention to all subsystems become important in order to obtain the maximum level of production and income. This research aimed to examine the linkages between agribusiness subsystems of Alabio duck layers . Research used a survey method with stratified random sampling technique, while the sample traders, breeders and growers by using purposive. The hypothesis testing analysis used multivariate analysis, F test and T test. The results showed, agribusiness development through increased production can be done with the source of female ducks, cages prices, the amount of feed, the amount of labor and marketing costs. While through increasing of revenue could be fulfilled by female duck sources, female duck price, price of the cage, the amount of feed and marketing costs. Together of all subsystems were crucial but in partial subsystems supporting institutions did not determine the level of production and income of the farmers. Keywords: Hulu Sungai Utara District, Alabio ducks , agribusiness development.


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 82-89
Author(s):  
S Prasanth ◽  
S Sudhamathi

The banks acquired the capacity to efficiently cut costs through the introduction of E-banking technologies, to extend its reach to manage its everyday banking needs by way of the use of online banking platforms. This paper analyses Indian bank customer’s attitudes towards e-banking. A big part of why people tend to do banking at home or the ATM is that they feel like they should go at a time that is more convenient for them, rather than coming to the branch. This paper found how the impression of banking facilities that students get is affected by choice of banks they use. The researcher has used a proportionate stratified random sampling method, which is more effective for correctly selecting respondents. The data were obtained 120 individuals applying for a bank loan in India through online banking. In this category of 120, only those who replied arecited by the report. Then the data processing was performed using the Multivariate Analysis Test, the NSQ, and the Kolmogorov-Smirnov analyses. Through this research, it was determined that youth, ethnicity, and income play a major role in online banking.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-144
Author(s):  
Stella Neumann

Abstract This paper examines the extent to which regional varieties of English influence register variation. Register is a key concept in systemic functional linguistics (SFL), whereas regional variation is rarely studied in this framework. However, languages like Chinese, Spanish and English are used in more than one region and such more complex language situations raise the question of whether registers are used consistently throughout. In this study, texts from three varieties represented in the International Corpus of English are analysed for frequencies of 41 lexico-grammatical features and subjected to exploratory multivariate analysis. The analysis shows that, while there are clear indications of register patterns irrespective of varieties, variety appears to override register in some cases. Variety therefore needs to be accounted for in language theory in addition to the language system and registers as subsystems.


2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francois Husson ◽  
Sebastien Le ◽  
Jérôme Pagès

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