Foreign Debt Expansion, the International Monetary Fund, and Regional Variation in Third World Poverty

1991 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 251 ◽  
Author(s):  
York W. Bradshaw ◽  
Ana-Maria Wahl
Keyword(s):  
International Monetary Fund ◽  
Regional Variation ◽  
Third World ◽  
Foreign Debt ◽  
World Poverty ◽  
The International Monetary Fund

The politics of adjustment: lessons from the IMF's Extended Fund Facility

1985 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 505-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Haggard
Keyword(s):  
International Monetary Fund ◽  
Third World ◽  
Developing World ◽  
Debt Crisis ◽  
International Debt ◽  
Short Run ◽  
The International Monetary Fund

The international debt crisis has forced painful economic adjustments on the developing world. In the short run it has forced governments to seek to correct payments imbalances through stabilization programs, usually undertaken with conditional assistance from the International Monetary Fund (IMF). The crisis has also revealed deeper weaknesses in many Third World economies, weaknesses demanding more basic reforms in the structure of incentives, prices, and investment.

scholarly journals Wybrane wskaźniki makroekonomiczne państw regionu Trójmorza, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem Łotwy, Polski i Rumunii, w świetle dokumentów Międzynarodowego Funduszu Walutowego

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-180
Author(s):  
Marta Gębska
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
International Monetary Fund ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Foreign Debt ◽  
General Government ◽  
Fiscal Balance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The International Monetary Fund

This article outlines the issue of the economic situation of Three Seas Initiative countries, based on reports and opinions of the International Monetary Fund. Latvia, Poland and Romania have been selected for detailed analysis. Statistical data for all Three Seas Initiative countries on the trends in gross domestic product (GDP), its value, consumption, inflation, unemployment rate, the general government fiscal balance, the general government gross debt, as well as foreign debt are presented in the tables. The final part of the article includes data on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on GDP in all countries of the region.

Brazilian Dependent Capitalism Under the Hegemony of Financialized Capital

2021 ◽  
pp. 0094582X2110530
Author(s):  
Lucas Crivelenti e Castro
Keyword(s):  
International Monetary Fund ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Foreign Debt ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Fiscal Adjustments ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Financial Dependency ◽  
The International Monetary Fund

An analysis of the Brazilian economic history of the past 50 years shows that the accumulation of foreign debt and its subsequent crisis in the 1980s, the ensuing fiscal adjustments with supervision by the International Monetary Fund, the execution of the Real Plan in 1994, the resulting macroeconomic trifecta, and new laws and resolutions have reinforced and expanded Brazil’s economic and financial dependency. Since the 1990s, its political-economic relations have been shaped by the principles of a liberal-monetarist economy that is the basis for the accumulation and revaluation of domestic and foreign capital. Uma análise da história econômica brasileira dos últimos 50 anos mostra que o acúmulo da dívida externa e sua posterior crise nos anos 1980, os subsequentes ajustes fiscais com supervisões do International Monetary Fund, a execução do Plano Real em 1994, a decorrente política do tripé macroeconômico e as leis e resoluções, reforçaram e ampliaram a dependência econômico-financeira do Brasil em sua inserção mundial. Desde os anos 1990, o âmago das relações político-econômicas brasileiras está gestado por princípios doutrinários de uma economia liberal-monetarista, a qual é a base para a acumulação e revalorização de capital interno e externo.

International Monetary Fund

1951 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 602-605
Keyword(s):  
International Monetary Fund ◽  
Foreign Capital ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Foreign Debt ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Underdeveloped Countries ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Social Council ◽  
Investment Opportunities ◽  
The International Monetary Fund

In accordance with the request of the United Nations Economic and Social Council, the International Monetary Fund submitted to the Council's thirteenth session, a study on the capacity of underdeveloped countries to service investments of foreign capital. With compensatory financing eliminated from its consideration, the remainder of the country's international receipts appeared to furnish a reasonable total with which to compare its foreign debt service. Such a total would include the goods and services the country was able to sell abroad, the foreign capital that it was able to attract by its investment opportunities and the donations that it received for particular purposes other than compensatory financing. This total would be subject to wide fluctuations. Markets for the raw materials exported by underdeveloped countries were notoriously subject to sudden shifts in demand which could drastically affect both volume and price. Again the capital flow to underdeveloped countries could be suddenly interrupted if the markets for their raw material exports turned weak or if they pursued unstable or confiscatory policies at home. The dangers to an underdeveloped country's balance of payments position arose from the wide fluctuations in the value of raw material exports and inflow of capital that might occur almost overnight. It was these that raised questions of how quickly and how far imports of goods and services could be contracted in order to permit the service of the foreign debt to continue to be paid in full.

Der Aufschwung des Katastrophen-Kapitalismus

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (143) ◽  
pp. 177-183
Author(s):  
Naomi Klein
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disaster ◽  
International Monetary Fund ◽  
Bush Administration ◽  
The Us ◽  
Us Government ◽  
The International Monetary Fund

Fitting to its doctrine of preventiv war, the Bush Administration founded a bureau of reconstruction, designing reconstruction plans for countries which are still not destroyed. Reconstruction after war or after a “natural disaster” developed to a profitable branch of capitalist investment. Also the possibilities to change basic political and economic structures are high and they are widely used by the US-government and institutions like the International Monetary Fund.

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