Definability and undefinability with real order at the background

2000 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 946-958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuri Gurevich ◽  
Alexander Rabinovich

We consider the monadic second-order theory of linear order. For the sake of brevity, linearly ordered sets will be called chains.Let = ⟨A <⟩ be a chain. A formula ø(t) with one free individual variable t defines a point-set on A which contains the points of A that satisfy ø(t). As usually we identify a subset of A with its characteristic predicate and we will say that such a formula defines a predicate on A.A formula (X) one free monadic predicate variable defines the set of predicates (or family of point-sets) on A that satisfy (X). This family is said to be definable by (X) in A. Suppose that is a subchain of = ⟨B, <⟩. With a formula (X, A) we associate the following family of point-sets (or set of predicates) {P : P ⊆ A and (P, A) holds in } on A. This family is said to be definable by in with at the background.Note that in such a definition bound individual (respectively predicate) variables of range over B (respectively over subsets of B). Hence, it is reasonable to expect that the presence of a background chain allows one to define point sets (or families of point-sets) on A which are not definable inside .

2012 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 593-608
Author(s):  
Alexis Bés ◽  
Alexander Rabinovich

AbstractRationals and countable ordinals are important examples of structures with decidable monadic second-order theories. A chain is an expansion of a linear order by monadic predicates. We show that if the monadic second-order theory of a countable chain C is decidable then C has a non-trivial expansion with decidable monadic second-order theory.


2003 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Nyklová

In this paper we study a problem related to the classical Erdos--Szekeres Theorem on finding points in convex position in planar point sets. We study for which n and k there exists a number h(n,k) such that in every planar point set X of size h(n,k) or larger, no three points on a line, we can find n points forming a vertex set of a convex n-gon with at most k points of X in its interior. Recall that h(n,0) does not exist for n = 7 by a result of Horton. In this paper we prove the following results. First, using Horton's construction with no empty 7-gon we obtain that h(n,k) does not exist for k = 2(n+6)/4-n-3. Then we give some exact results for convex hexagons: every point set containing a convex hexagon contains a convex hexagon with at most seven points inside it, and any such set of at least 19 points contains a convex hexagon with at most five points inside it.


2021 ◽  
Vol 915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Li ◽  
Yaokun Zheng ◽  
Zhiliang Lin ◽  
Thomas A.A. Adcock ◽  
Ton S. van den Bremer
Keyword(s):  

Abstract


2006 ◽  
Vol 181 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.A. Abd El-Salam ◽  
I.A. El-Tohamy ◽  
M.K. Ahmed ◽  
W.A. Rahoma ◽  
M.A. Rassem

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 1021-1039
Author(s):  
Nicolas Bouteca ◽  
Evelien D’heer ◽  
Steven Lannoo

This article puts the second-order theory for regional elections to the test. Not by analysing voting behaviour but with the use of campaign data. The assumption that regional campaigns are overshadowed by national issues was verified by analysing the campaign tweets of Flemish politicians who ran for the regional or national parliament in the simultaneous elections of 2014. No proof was found for a hierarchy of electoral levels but politicians clearly mix up both levels in their tweets when elections coincide. The extent to which candidates mix up governmental levels can be explained by the incumbency past of the candidates, their regionalist ideology, and the political experience of the candidates.


1999 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 643-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Beauge ◽  
A. Lemaı̂tre ◽  
S. Jancart

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