Work and the Family System: A Naturalistic Study of Working-Class and Lower-Middle-Class Families.

Social Forces ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 866 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Podmore ◽  
Chaya S. Piotrkowski
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Family System ◽  
Naturalistic Study ◽  
Lower Middle Class ◽  
System A ◽  
The Family ◽  
Middle Class Families

The Ecology of Some Middle Class Families at Dinner

1987 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Candice Feiring ◽  
Michael Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Family Size ◽  
Interpersonal Relations ◽  
Family System ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Verbal Interaction ◽  
Interaction Patterns ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
The Family ◽  
Middle Class Families

Three-year-old children and their families were observed during a dinner time situation in which all family members were present. Mealtime structure and procedure and verbal interaction patterns during dinner were examined for the sample as a whole and for the effects of family size. The structure of the family system and interaction patterns correspond. It was found that the mother was primarily in charge of the meal situation, preparing and serving the food as well as directing the verbal interaction. Family size was related to the dinner situation in that larger families were more child focused, less orderly and more noisy compared to small families. The results also indicated that the formality of the meal was related to the three-year-old child's verbal interaction with its older sibling. Overall, the results suggest how the mealtime experience, filled with information concerning sex-role behaviour, social manners and habits, and interpersonal relations between parents and children, is a central multifaceted context in which the child's socialisation takes place.

Furniture

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Scott
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Consumer Credit ◽  
Consumer Durables ◽  
Advertising Campaign ◽  
Lower Middle Class ◽  
National Advertising ◽  
Early Success ◽  
Consumer Durable ◽  
Middle Class Families

New furniture was the first consumer durable to be successfully diffused to a mass (middle- and working-class) market in Britain. This chapter charts how a small number of furniture retailers pioneered many of the techniques used to create British mass markets for consumer durables. The key innovator was Benjamin Drage, who devised a successful formula to sell suites of new furniture, and the consumer credit used to purchase them, to ‘Mr Everyman’, using a revolutionary national advertising campaign. Drage’s spectacular early success is shown to have inspired emulation and adaption not just by furniture retailers, but by suppliers of other consumer durables. This chapter shows how furniture retailers managed to convince millions of working-and lower-middle-class families that buying their furniture new and furnishing out of income was not only practicable but constituted the cornerstone of modern aspirational lifestyles.

Developing Autonomy for Tellers, Tales, and Telling in Family Narrative Events

1992 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoshana Blum-Kulka ◽  
Catherine E. Snow
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Dinner Table ◽  
Family Constellation ◽  
Family Narrative ◽  
The Family ◽  
American Children ◽  
American Working Class ◽  
Middle Class Families

Abstract Dinner-table conversations are contexts in which children become socialized to local cultural rules regulating storytelling and may be able to achieve autonomy in telling stories, as tellers of stories, and in the content or tale recounted. Conversations from five American and five Israeli middle-class families and five American working-class families matched on family constellation generated 33, 40, and 15 narratives, respectively. Each of the groups demonstrated a different pattern on dimensions such as who participated in telling narratives, who initi-ated narratives, and how secondary narrators participated; Israeli family narra-tives were more collaborative but with relatively little child participation, whereas American middle-class children participated more by initiating their own narratives and American working-class children narrated in response to adult elicitation. All three groups demanded fidelity to truth and coherence in the tales children told, but many more of the narratives told in Israeli families had to do with events known to all the family members, whereas American children told stories about events unfamiliar to at least some family members. (Communication)

scholarly journals "So oft to the movies they've been": British fan writing and female audiences in the silent cinema

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Rose Stead
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Film Culture ◽  
Female Representation ◽  
Archival Research ◽  
Silent Cinema ◽  
Lower Middle Class ◽  
Silent Era

This article aims to address the ways in which working-class and lower-middle-class British women used silent-era fan magazines as a space for articulating their role within the development of a female film culture. The article focuses on letter pages that formed a key site for female contribution to British fan magazines across the silent era. In contributing to these pages, women found a space to debate and discuss the appeal and significance of particular female representations within film culture. Using detailed archival research tracing the content of a specific magazine, Picturegoer, across a 15-year period (1913–28), the article will show the dominance of particular types of female representation in both fan and "official" magazine discourses, analyzing the ways in which British women used these images to work through national tensions regarding modern femininity and traditional ideas of female propriety and restraint.

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