Investment of Unemployment Insurance Funds

1933 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
C. A. Kulp
Keyword(s):  
Unemployment Insurance ◽  
Insurance Funds

scholarly journals Transnational Unemployment Insurance: The Inclusion and Exclusion of Foreign Workers in Labour Unions’ Unemployment Insurance Funds in the Netherlands (c.1900–1940)

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel Hoogenboom
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Unemployment Insurance ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Foreign Workers ◽  
Dutch Government ◽  
Labour Unions ◽  
Foreign Labour ◽  
Insurance Funds ◽  
Government Interference

AbstractIn the early twentieth century, like many of their European counterparts, labour unions in the Netherlands established mutual unemployment insurance funds for their members. Various funds made agreements with labour unions in a number of European countries to recognize each other's insurance schemes, enabling union members to work in the Netherlands without losing their entitlement to benefits accumulated in their home countries, and vice versa. Whereas up until the 1930s some of the alliances between Dutch and foreign funds had flourished, in the 1930s the number of non-Dutch workers in the Netherlands making use of such agreements decreased drastically. This article analyses those transnational alliances and explores various causes for their demise, concluding that in the 1930s formal regulation of foreign labour by the Dutch government substantially reduced the number of potential foreign members of insurance funds while government interference in unemployment insurance abroad, and especially in Germany, made the transnational agreements effectively void.

The puzzles of union density in Norway

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 653-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristine Nergaard ◽  
Torgeir Aarvaag Stokke
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Unemployment Insurance ◽  
Union Density ◽  
The Other ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Nordic Region ◽  
Insurance Funds ◽  
Market Factors ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Over Time

The level of union density in Norway is medium high, in contrast to the other Nordic countries where high density levels are supported by unemployment insurance funds. Developments in union density over time are stable in Norway, contrary to developments in most western European countries outside the Nordic region. This article traces the effects of unemployment insurance funds by comparing density levels in Norway with those in Finland and Sweden. In addition, the stability witnessed in union density in Norway over time is a particularly puzzling phenomenon, and the authors seek to explain it on the basis of specific institutional and labour market factors.

scholarly journals New trajectories of unionization in the Nordic Ghent countries: Changing labour market and welfare institutions

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laust Høgedahl ◽  
Kristian Kongshøj
Keyword(s):  
Unemployment Insurance ◽  
Trade Union ◽  
Nordic Countries ◽  
Main Trend ◽  
Institutional Changes ◽  
Unemployment Benefits ◽  
Labour Movement ◽  
Welfare Institutions ◽  
Insurance Funds ◽  
Set Up

Unemployment insurance funds (the ‘Ghent system’), subsidized by the state and controlled by the labour movement, have contributed to high trade union densities in the Nordic countries. However, dependence on these funds as a recruiting mechanism makes trade union membership sensitive to institutional changes to unemployment insurance benefits and the institutional set-up surrounding and regulating them. In this article, we investigate recent institutional changes in the three Nordic countries following the Ghent model, Finland, Sweden and Denmark, and analyse the consequences for union and fund membership. These countries have witnessed different combinations of two types of reform, less attractive unemployment benefits plus new institutional alternatives to the traditional union-run funds, and this has led to different outcomes in each country. Benefit retrenchment and increased contributions led to a sharp decline in fund membership in Sweden, whereas this trend is less pronounced in Finland and Denmark. Instead, the main trend here has been a shift from union-led to alternative forms of fund membership, but in different ways.

scholarly journals When free choice turns into a pitfall: conditional social protection for immigrants in voluntary unemployment insurance systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-14
Author(s):  
Lutz Gschwind
Keyword(s):  
Welfare Reform ◽  
Unemployment Insurance ◽  
Sharp Increase ◽  
Free Choice ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Income Security ◽  
The Social ◽  
Insurance Funds

Unemployment insurance systems are designed to provide income security for those who drop out of work temporarily. This form of social protection is particularly relevant for foreign-born workers who are, on average, more likely to become unemployed during layoffs. The article explores how the social protection of immigrants differs in cases where payments are tied to voluntary rather than mandatory contributions. This is done by focusing on a recent welfare reform in Sweden which led to both a sharp increase in costs and a decline in benefit generosity overnight. It is argued that migrants lost their social protection at a disproportionate rate over the course of the reform. Both their status on the labour market and position as newcomers to the norms and rules of society are expected to impede on their decision to obtain or prolong insurance membership, leading to a decline in eligibility to income security. Difference-in-difference estimates with administrative data from all unemployment insurance funds show that the share of benefit recipients with earnings-related payments decreased at a higher rate among the foreign-born as expected, especially if they had arrived in the country only recently.

scholarly journals Voluntary Unemployment Insurance and Trade Union Membership: Investigating the Connections in Denmark and Sweden

2008 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOCHEN CLASEN ◽  
ELKE VIEBROCK
Keyword(s):  
Unemployment Insurance ◽  
Trade Union ◽  
Job Search ◽  
Union Membership ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Insurance Fund ◽  
Insurance Funds ◽  
Current Characteristics ◽  
Country Specific

AbstractThe high rate of trade union membership in Nordic countries is often attributed to the way in which unemployment insurance is organised: that is, as a voluntary scheme which is administered by trade union-linked funds (the so-called Ghent system). However, since trade unions and unemployment insurance funds are formally independent from each other, and alternatives to traditional trade union-linked unemployment funds are available, it is far from clear why the more expensive option of a dual membership in trade union and unemployment insurance is generally favoured. Comparing current characteristics and the operation of the Ghent system in Denmark and Sweden, the article identifies incentives for joining an unemployment insurance fundper seand, secondly, factors which make such a dual membership appealing. It shows that some of these apply to both countries, such as the strong identification with trade unions or the lack of a transparent institutional separation, while others are country-specific, such as job search support in Denmark and access to improved benefit provision in Sweden.

SOCIAL INSURANCE IN RUSSIA: STATE, CURRENT CHALLENGES AND RESPONSES TO THEM

2020 ◽  
pp. 75-95
Author(s):  
Lyudmila A. Migranova ◽  
◽  
Valentin D. Roik ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Insurance ◽  
Pension Fund ◽  
The State ◽  
Insurance Fund ◽  
Social Risks ◽  
Social Insurance Fund ◽  
Subsistence Minimum ◽  
The Social ◽  
Mandatory Health Insurance ◽  
Insurance Funds

The article deals with the issues of functioning of the social insurance institution, the organizational-legal and financial forms of which are presented by the state extrabudgetary social funds - Pension Fund of Russia, Mandatory Social Insurance Fund and Mandatory Health Insurance Fund. It considers the main characteristics of social insurance: a) scope of covering the employed population by insurance protection; b) contribution rates as related to wages; c) level of protection of population incomes (pensions and benefits as related to wages and subsistence minimum); d) availability of quality medical assistance and rehabilitation services. There are analyzed the present social risks and problems of the RF insurance system. The main problem is that the amount of financial expenditures on all types of social insurance per beneficiary is about half that of most developed and developing countries. The primary cause is lacking motivation of both employees and employers to participate in the mandatory social insurance and to legalize their earnings. In the conclusion there are formulated a number of proposals for improvement of the institution of social insurance in Russia. It is proposed to expand the range of insurance cases concerning unemployment insurance and care for elderly people, to increase the total amount of compulsory contributions to extrabudgetary insurance funds from 30.2% up to 42.5% from three sources - employees, employers and the state.

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