Winter Forages and Diets of Elk in Old-Growth and Regenerating Coniferous Forests in Western Washington

1993 ◽  
Vol 130 (2) ◽  
pp. 299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurt J. Jenkins ◽  
Edward E. Starkey
Keyword(s):  
Coniferous Forests ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Western Washington

The contribution of competition to tree mortality in old-growth coniferous forests

2011 ◽  
Vol 261 (7) ◽  
pp. 1203-1213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Das ◽  
John Battles ◽  
Nathan L. Stephenson ◽  
Phillip J. van Mantgem
Keyword(s):  
Tree Mortality ◽  
Coniferous Forests ◽  
Old Growth

Elk and Deer Diets in Old-Growth Forests in Western Washington

1984 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 762 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Leslie ◽  
Edward E. Starkey ◽  
Martin Vavra
Keyword(s):  
Old Growth ◽  
Old Growth Forests ◽  
Western Washington

Old-Growth Douglas-Fir in Western Washington

1992 ◽  
pp. 333-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. B. Brubaker ◽  
S. Vega-Gonzalez ◽  
E. D. Ford ◽  
C. A. Ribic ◽  
C. J. Earle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Western Washington

Habitat associations of black-backed and three-toed woodpeckers in the boreal forest of Alberta

2002 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 1881-1888 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff S Hoyt ◽  
Susan J Hannon
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Loss ◽  
Fire Suppression ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Habitat Associations ◽  
Pine Forests ◽  
Coniferous Forests ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Short Rotation ◽  
Picoides Arcticus

Recent studies suggest that black-backed (Picoides arcticus) and three-toed woodpeckers (Picoides tridactylus) might decrease in abundance because of habitat loss from fire suppression and short-rotation logging in landscapes managed for forestry. We examined black-backed and three-toed woodpecker occupancy of stands in a 2-year post-fire forest, mature and old-growth spruce and pine forests, and six post-fire coniferous forests of different ages. Three-toeds were detected in old stands and in the 2-year-old burn, and their probability of occupancy of burned forests decreased between 3 and 8 years post-fire. Within 50 km of the 2-year-old burn, black-backs were only detected in the burn and not in old-growth or mature conifer stands. However, they did occupy old coniferous stands located 75 and 150 km from the recent burn. They had a similar probability of occupying stands in the 3-, 4-, and 8-year-old burns but were not detected in the 16-year-old burn. The persistence of three-toed woodpeckers in boreal Alberta will likely depend on the presence of both old-growth and recently burned coniferous forests or forests with old-growth structural characteristics. Black-backed woodpeckers appear to be more burn dependent than three-toeds, and their long-term persistence may depend on the frequency of recently burned forests within their dispersal range.

The effects of acid rain on nitrogen fixation in Western Washington coniferous forests

1977 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-34
Author(s):  
Robert Denison ◽  
Bruce Caldwell ◽  
Bernard Bormann ◽  
Lindell Eldred ◽  
Cynthia Swanberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Acid Rain ◽  
Coniferous Forests ◽  
Western Washington

Mycophagy of red-backed voles in Oregon and Washington

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (12) ◽  
pp. 3307-3315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas C. Ure ◽  
Chris Maser
Keyword(s):  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Green Plant ◽  
Cascade Range ◽  
Coniferous Forests ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Small Seed ◽  
Western Washington ◽  
Seed Crops

We analyzed stomach contents from two subspecies of Clethrionomys californicus and three subspecies of C. gapperi from coniferous forests of Oregon and western Washington. Seasonal diets were determined for each subspecies of C. californicus. Major foods eaten were the fruiting bodies of hypogeous ectomycorrhizal fungi, predominantly Gasteromycetes, and fruticose lichens, regardless of season. Fungus consumption partially depended on availability. When fungi became scarce, lichens were substituted. Other foods were important only during winter in Cascade Range. Clethrionomys gapperi from Washington consumed large quantities of conifer seed and green plant parts in midautumn. These materials were a small part of the diets of Oregon red-backed voles in midautumn, but this may relate to localized small seed crops. Dependence on ectomycorrhizal fungi by western red-backed voles probably accounts for the latter's disappearance from deforested sites.

Recent tree mortality and recruitment in mature and old-growth forests in western Washington

2015 ◽  
Vol 336 ◽  
pp. 109-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven A. Acker ◽  
John R. Boetsch ◽  
Mignonne Bivin ◽  
Lou Whiteaker ◽  
Carla Cole ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Mortality ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Old Growth Forests ◽  
Western Washington

Multi-decadal establishment for single-cohort Douglas-fir forests

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 1068-1078 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Freund ◽  
Jerry F. Franklin ◽  
Andrew J. Larson ◽  
James A. Lutz
Keyword(s):  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Temporal Patterns ◽  
Tsuga Heterophylla ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Western Hemlock ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Old Growth Forests ◽  
Western Washington ◽  
Century Development ◽  
Single Cohort

The rate at which trees regenerate following stand-replacing wildfire is an important but poorly understood process in the multi-century development of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) and western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.) forests. Temporal patterns of Douglas-fir establishment reconstructed from old-growth forests (>450 year) have generated contradictory models of either rapid (<25 year) or prolonged (>100 year) periods of establishment, while patterns of tree establishment in mid-aged (100 to 350 year) forests remains largely unknown. To determine temporal patterns of Douglas-fir establishment following stand-replacing fire, increment cores were obtained from 1455 trees in 18 mature and early old-growth forests in western Washington and northwestern Oregon, USA. Each of the stands showed continuous regeneration of Douglas-fir for many decades following initiating fire. The establishment period averaged 60 years (range: 32–99 years). These results contrast both with the view of rapid (one- to two-decade) regeneration of Douglas-fir promoted in the early forestry literature and with reports of establishment periods exceeding 100 years in older (>400 year) Douglas-fir–western hemlock stands. These results have important implications for management designed to create and promote early-seral forest characteristics.

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