Nitrogen and Phosphorus Tissue Concentrations in 41 Wetland Plants: A Comparison Across Habitats and Functional Groups

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 231 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. McJannet ◽  
P. A. Keddy ◽  
F. R. Pick
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Wetland Plants ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Tissue Concentrations

scholarly journals Seasonal Succession of Phytoplankton Functional Groups and Driving Factors of Cyanobacterial Blooms in a Subtropical Reservoir in South China

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingai Yao ◽  
Xuemin Zhao ◽  
Guang-Jie Zhou ◽  
Rongchang Liang ◽  
Ting Gou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
South China ◽  
Algal Cell ◽  
Seasonal Succession ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Phytoplankton Communities ◽  
Phytoplankton Functional Groups

Freshwater phytoplankton communities can be classified into a variety of functional groups that are based on physiological, morphological, and ecological characteristics. This classification method was used to study the temporal and spatial changes in the phytoplankton communities of Gaozhou Reservoir, which is a large municipal water source in South China. Between January 2015 and December 2017, a total of 155 taxa of phytoplankton that belong to seven phyla were identified. The phytoplankton communities were classified into 28 functional groups, nine of which were considered to be representative functional groups (relative biomass > 10%). Phytoplankton species richness was greater in the summer and autumn than in the winter and spring; cyanobacterial blooms occurred in the spring. The seasonal succession of phytoplankton functional groups was characterized by the occurrence of functional groups P (Staurastrum sp. and Closterium acerosum) and Y (Cryptomonas ovata and Cryptomonas erosa) in the winter and spring, and functional groups NA (Cosmarium sp. and Staurodesmus sp.) and P (Staurastrum sp. and Closterium acerosum) in the summer and autumn. The temperature, nitrogen, and phosphorus levels were the main factors driving seasonal changes in the phytoplankton communities of Gaozhou Reservoir. The functional group M (Microcystis aeruginosa) dominated the community during the cyanobacterial blooms in spring 2016, with the maximum algal cell density of 3.12 × 108 cells L−1. Relatively low temperature (20.8 °C), high concentrations of phosphorus (0.080–0.110 mg L−1), suitable hydrological and hydrodynamic conditions (e.g., relatively long retention time), and relatively closed geographic location in the reservoir were the key factors that stimulated the cyanobacterial blooms during the early stages.

Variation in Leaf Nitrogen and Phosphorus Stoichiometry in Different Functional Groups of Legumes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Y. Shi ◽  
S. X. Xu ◽  
S. C. Lu ◽  
M. Yang ◽  
M. G. Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Leaf Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
N:P Ratios ◽  
Leaf N Concentration ◽  
Tree Leaf ◽  
Leaf Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Leaf N

The legume is notable owing to their symbiotic nitrogen (N) fixing ability. Usually, higher leaf N concentration and N to phosphorus (P) ratio (N:P) in legumes than non-legumes. However, the variations of leaf N, P and N:P and their relationship had been hardly studied based on functional groups. In this study, we studied the leaf N, P and N:P and their relationship among different functional groups. The results showed that the average values of leaf N, P and N:P ratios for all legumes were 27.33 mg g-1, 1.27 mg g-1 and 21.94, respectively. Leaf N (36.96 mg g-1) and P (2.15 mg g-1) of herbaceous legumes are significantly higher than N (24.97 mg g-1) and P (1.18 mg g-1) in woody plants, respectively. Moreover, leaf N, P and N:P of shrub markedly higher than them in tree. Leaf N and P are always higher in deciduous than evergreen legumes. A negative correlation was found between leaf N:P and P in overall and different functional groups of legumes.

scholarly journals Temporal variation in phytoplankton community in a freshwater coastal lake of southern Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise Tonetta ◽  
Mauricio Mello Petrucio ◽  
Roselane Laudares-Silva
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Phytoplankton Community ◽  
Light Limitation ◽  
Cylindrospermopsis Raciborskii ◽  
Total Density ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Coastal Lake ◽  
Vertical Variation ◽  
Nutrients Availability

AIM: The aim of the present study was to study the vertical variation in phytoplankton community in a subtropical coastal lake and to verify the temporal variation of this community following variation in temperature and dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus. METHODS: Sampling of phytoplankton and abiotic variables were performed monthly from June/2009 to January/2011 at four depths from the central part of Peri Lake. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance, correlation and canonical correspondence analysis. RESULTS: Vertical variation in the phytoplankton community and limnological data did not occur but temporal variation was found. The lake was limited by light and nutrients and this light limitation selected the Cyanobacteria species from Sn and S1 functional groups. Phytoplankton community was composed of five groups, with 31 freshwater taxa, in which Cyanobacteria was the most important with 87.7% of total density and Chlorophyta with 11.8%. Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii was dominant during almost the whole study period because when temperature and phosphorus increased and wind speed decreased Limnothrix sp. density was boosted. Different species of Cyanobacteria filamentous showed correlation with variables in different ways, indicating that some species can co-exist, each of them having distinct niches or can compete by the same resource. CONCLUSION: The phytoplankton presented periodicity driven by annual change in water temperature and nutrients availability. Peri Lake's features allow for the occurrence of a vertically homogeneous water column and the dominance of cyanobacterial functional groups adapted to low underwater light and nutrients deficiency

Total recovery of nitrogen and phosphorus from three wetland plants by fast pyrolysis technology

2011 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 3471-3479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wu-Jun Liu ◽  
Fan-Xin Zeng ◽  
Hong Jiang ◽  
Han-Qing Yu
Keyword(s):  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Wetland Plants ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Total Recovery

Direct and indirect effects of calcium sulfate and nitrogen on growth and succession of trees on the Tanana River floodplain, interior Alaska

1993 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 995-1000 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Stuart Chapin III ◽  
Lawrence R. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Calcium Sulfate ◽  
Nitrogen Addition ◽  
Nutrient Accumulation ◽  
Sensitive Species ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Tissue Concentrations ◽  
Balsam Poplar ◽  
Low Nitrogen ◽  
Potential Transpiration

Seedlings of Alaskan floodplain species (Populusbalsamifera L. (balsam poplar), Alnustenuifolia Nutt. (thinleaf alder), and Piceaglauca (Moench) Voss (white spruce)) and an upland species (Populustremuloides Michx. (trembling aspen)) were grown in early-successional floodplain soils treated with a floodplain salt (calcium sulfate, CaSO4), an osmoticant (polyethylene glycol), and nitrogen. CaSO4 reduced the growth of aspen relative to controls but also reduced the growth of some typical floodplain colonizers (alder at low nitrogen and poplar at high nitrogen). Aspen and poplar were the most rapidly growing species, even when grown with salt or polyethylene glycol. Effects of CaSO4 on growth, therefore, do not explain why aspen is less abundant on the floodplain than are typical floodplain colonizers. CaSO4 reduced growth directly in salt-sensitive species, judging from the insensitivity of water potential, transpiration, and photosynthesis to CaSO4 addition. Tissue concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus were unaffected by CaSO4, suggesting that the declines in nutrient accumulation by salt-sensitive species in response to CaSO4 addition reflected a decline in nutrient demands for growth rather than being the cause of the reduction in growth. Growth and nutrient accumulation were stimulated by nitrogen addition in all species. We suggest that floodplain salts may be important in succession by slowing the establishment and growth of alder, which is responsible for most of the nitrogen acquired by plants during succession.

Natural revegetation of hydrocarbon-contaminated soil in semi-arid grasslands

2004 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Bizecki Robson ◽  
J Diane Knight ◽  
Richard E Farrell ◽  
James J Germida
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Litter Cover ◽  
The Impact

One way to identify hydrocarbon-tolerant plant species for reclamation is to sample vegetation at contaminated sites allowed to recover naturally. We compared vegetation and soils of 14 hydrocarbon-contaminated plots in southern Saskatchewan to those of nearby uncontaminated plots to determine the impact on plant communities and soil properties. Contaminated plots had less vegetation and litter cover than uncontaminated plots, and significantly higher soil carbon to nitrogen ratios, pH, and hydrocarbon concentration, and lower nitrogen and phosphorus. Although species richness was not significantly different, Shannon's diversity was lower on contaminated plots. Mean compositional similarity of the plots, measured using Jaccard's index, was only 31%, and cover similarity, measured using Spatz's index, was only 22%. Vegetation composition differences occurred because mycorrhizal, woody and vegetatively reproducing species, and species using birds or unassisted means for seed dispersal were significantly less common on contaminated than uncontaminated plots. Self-pollinated species were significantly more common on contaminated plots. The most abundant species on contaminated soils were the annual forb Kochia scoparia and the native perennial grasses Hordeum jubatum, Distichlis stricta, Agropyron smithii, Agropyron trachycaulum, and Poa canbyi. This research shows that some plant species and functional groups are tolerant of the altered soil conditions at hydrocarbon-contaminated sites.Key words: functional groups, oil spills, phytoremediation, reclamation, succession, vegetation recovery.

scholarly journals Global leaf nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry and their scaling exponent

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 728-739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Di Tian ◽  
Zhengbing Yan ◽  
Karl J Niklas ◽  
Wenxuan Han ◽  
Jens Kattge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Leaf Nitrogen ◽  
Scaling Exponent ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Scaling Relationships ◽  
Leaf N

Abstract Leaf nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentrations constrain photosynthetic and metabolic processes, growth and the productivity of plants. Their stoichiometry and scaling relationships regulate the allocation of N and P from subcellular to organism, and even ecosystem levels, and are crucial to the modelling of plant growth and nutrient cycles in terrestrial ecosystems. Prior work has revealed a general biogeographic pattern of leaf N and P stoichiometric relationships and shown that leaf N scales roughly as two-thirds the power of P. However, determining whether and how leaf N and P stoichiometries, especially their scaling exponents, change with functional groups and environmental conditions requires further verification. In this study, we compiled a global data set and documented the global leaf N and P concentrations and the N:P ratios by functional group, climate zone and continent. The global overall mean leaf N and P concentrations were 18.9 mg g−1 and 1.2 mg g−1, respectively, with significantly higher concentrations in herbaceous than woody plants (21.72 mg g−1 vs. 18.22 mg g−1 for N; and 1.64 mg g−1 vs. 1.10 mg g−1 for P). Both leaf N and P showed higher concentrations at high latitudes than low latitudes. Among six continents, Europe had the highest N and P concentrations (20.79 and 1.54 mg g−1) and Oceania had the smallest values (10.01 and 0.46 mg g−1). These numerical values may be used as a basis for the comparison of other individual studies. Further, we found that the scaling exponent varied significantly across different functional groups, latitudinal zones, ecoregions and sites. The exponents of herbaceous and woody plants were 0.659 and 0.705, respectively, with significant latitudinal patterns decreasing from tropical to temperate to boreal zones. At sites with a sample size ≥10, the values fluctuated from 0.366 to 1.928, with an average of 0.841. Several factors including the intrinsic attributes of different life forms, P-related growth rates and relative nutrient availability of soils likely account for the inconstant exponents of leaf N vs. P scaling relationships.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document