Relations Between Crude and Life Tables Death Rates

National Vital Statistics Report; includes complete period life tables for each of the 50 states and the District of Columbia by sex based on age-specific death rates in 2018

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The Linear Link: Deriving Age-Specific Death Rates from Life Expectancy

Risks ◽

10.3390/risks8040109 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 109

Author(s):

Marius Pascariu ◽

Ugofilippo Basellini ◽

José Aburto ◽

Vladimir Canudas-Romo

Keyword(s):

Life Expectancy ◽

R Package ◽

Value Of Life ◽

Life Tables ◽

Human Longevity ◽

Death Rates ◽

New Model ◽

Life Expectancy At Birth ◽

Age Patterns ◽

Full Life

The prediction of human longevity levels in the future by direct forecasting of life expectancy offers numerous advantages, compared to methods based on extrapolation of age-specific death rates. However, the reconstruction of accurate life tables starting from a given level of life expectancy at birth, or any other age, is not straightforward. Model life tables have been extensively used for estimating age patterns of mortality in poor-data countries. We propose a new model inspired by indirect estimation techniques applied in demography, which can be used to estimate full life tables at any point in time, based on a given value of life expectancy at birth. Our model relies on the existing high correlations between levels of life expectancy and death rates across ages. The methods presented in this paper are implemented in a publicly available R package.

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U.S. State Life Tables, 2019

10.15620/cdc:112181 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Elizabeth Arias ◽

Jiaquan Xu ◽

Betzaida Tejada-Vera ◽

Brigham Bastian

Keyword(s):

District Of Columbia ◽

Life Tables ◽

Death Rates

This report presents complete period life tables for each of the 50 states and District of Columbia by sex, based on 2019 age-specific death rates.

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Experience Prospective Life-Tables for the Algerian Retirees

Risks ◽

10.3390/risks7020038 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 38

Author(s):

Farid Flici ◽

Frédéric Planchet

Keyword(s):

Life Tables ◽

Mortality Data ◽

Remaining Life ◽

Death Rates ◽

Quadratic Effect ◽

Death Risk ◽

External Reference ◽

Type Relation ◽

Global Population ◽

Data Length

The aim of this paper is to construct prospective life tables adapted to the experience ofAlgerian retirees. Mortality data of the retired population are only available for the age interval[45,95[ and for the period from 2004 to 2013. The use of the conventional prospective mortalitymodels is not supposed to provide robust forecasts given data limitation in terms of eitherexposure to death risk or data length. To improve forecasting robustness, we use the globalpopulation mortality as an external reference. The adjustment of the experience mortality on thereference allows projecting the age-specific death rates calculated based on the experience of theretired population. We propose a generalized version of the Brass-type relation modelincorporating a quadratic effect to perform the adjustment. Results show no significant differencefor men, either retired or not, but reveal a gap of over three years in the remaining life expectancyat age 50 in favor of retired women compared to those of the global population.

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Do women in Europe live longer and happier lives than men?

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/cky070 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 28 (5) ◽

pp. 847-852 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Aïda Solé-Auró ◽

Domantas Jasilionis ◽

Peng Li ◽

Anna Oksuzyan

Keyword(s):

Gender Differences ◽

Life Satisfaction ◽

Gender Gap ◽

Life Tables ◽

Death Rates ◽

Happy Life ◽

Female Advantage ◽

Life Years ◽

The One ◽

Single Question

Abstract Background The article examines gender differences in happy life expectancy at age 50 (LE50) and computes the age-specific contributions of mortality and happiness effects to gender differences in happy LE50 in 16 European countries. Methods Abridged life tables and happy LE50 were calculated using conventional life tables and Sullivan’s method. Age-specific death rates were calculated from deaths and population exposures in the Human Mortality Database. Happiness prevalence was estimated using the 2010–11 Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe. Happiness was defined using a single question about life satisfaction on a scale of 0–10. A decomposition algorithm was applied to estimate the exact contributions of the differences in mortality and happiness to the overall gender gap in happy LE50. Results Gender differences in happy LE50 favour women in all countries except Portugal (0.43 years in Italy and 3.55 years in Slovenia). Generally, the contribution of the gender gap in happiness prevalence is smaller than the one in mortality. The male advantage in the prevalence of happiness partially offsets the effects of the female advantage in mortality on the total gender gap in happy LE50. Gender differences in unhappy life years make up the greatest share of the gender gap in total LE50 in all countries except Denmark, Germany, Netherlands, Slovenia and Sweden. Conclusion Countries with the largest gender gap in LE are not necessarily the countries with larger differences in happy LE50. The remaining years of life of women are expected to be spent not only in unhealthy but also in unhappy state.

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Mortality Rates and Excess Death Rates for the Seriously Mentally Ill

Journal of Insurance Medicine ◽

10.17849/insm-47-04-1-8.1 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 47 (4) ◽

pp. 212-219 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Robert J Reynolds ◽

Steven M Day ◽

Alan Shafer ◽

Emilie Becker

Keyword(s):

Mental Illness ◽

Serious Mental Illness ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Life Tables ◽

Death Rates ◽

Excess Death ◽

Life Years ◽

Race Ethnicity ◽

Summary Measures ◽

Population Rate

Objectives.—To compute mortality rates and excess death rates for patients with serious mental illness, specific to categories of gender, age and race/ethnicity. Background.—People with serious mental illness are known to be at greatly increased risk of mortality across the lifespan. However, the measures of mortality reported for this high-risk population are typically only summary measures, which do not provide either the mortality rates or excess death rates needed to construct life tables for individuals with serious mental illness. Methods.—Mortality rates were computed by dividing the number of deaths by the amount of life-years lived in strata specific to gender, age and race/ethnicity. Age-specific excess death rates were determined as the difference between the study population rate and the corresponding general population rate in each stratum. To compute excess death rates beyond observed ages in the cohort, a method with documented reliability and validity for chronic medical conditions was used. Results.—For the cohort with mental illness, mortality rates for Black and White females were mostly equal, and consistently greater than those for Hispanic females; excess death rates for females displayed a similar pattern. Among males, mortality rates were highest for Whites, with Hispanics and Blacks close in magnitude at all ages. Excess death rates for males showed more divergence between the categories of race/ethnicity across the age range. Conclusions.—Mortality rates specific to categories of gender, age and race/ethnicity show sufficient differences as to make them the preferred way to construct life tables. This is especially true in contrast to broader summary measures such as risk ratios, standardized incidence rates, or life expectancy.

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The Mortality Experience of Scotland in the Years 1930–32

Transactions of the Faculty of Actuaries ◽

10.1017/s0071368600002639 ◽

1938 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 67-112

Author(s):

James Gray Kyd ◽

Peter Gordon Brown

Keyword(s):

United Kingdom ◽

Marital Status ◽

Life Tables ◽

Reliable Index ◽

Death Rates ◽

Mortality Experience ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

True Meaning ◽

National Life ◽

The Mean

SynopsisThe authors review the Life Tables published in connection with the 1931 Census of Scotland.They discuss the suitability of the enumerated population as a reliable index of the mean population to which deaths in the three calendar years nearest to the census date should be related, and explain the steps which were taken to obtain a more satisfactory representation of the true exposed to risk at periods of life when the census population was obviously unsuitable.The methods used for the graduation of the crude data are explained. Comparisons are made of the mortality of the two sexes and in regard to varying marital status. Further figures are given showing the relation between the mortality shown by the more recent tables and that exhibited by earlier investigations. The mortality in various parts of Scotland is exhibited and the death-rates in the country as a whole are compared with those found in other parts of the United Kingdom.The question of the most suitable function for use in comparing national life tables is considered and the popular misconception of the true meaning of the “expectation of life” is discussed.

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