Why are Native Herbs in the Chilean Matorral More Abundant Beneath Bushes: Microclimate or Grazing?

1980 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 665 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. M. Jaksic ◽  
E. R. Fuentes
Keyword(s):  
Chilean Matorral ◽  
Native Herbs

scholarly journals AVALIAÇÃO DO MARCO REGULATÓRIO NA PRODUÇÃO DE MEDICAMENTOS FITOTERÁPICOS NO BRASIL

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 531
Author(s):  
Sônia Cristina Dantas de Brito ◽  
Waldecy Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Exotic Plants ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
The Law ◽  
Production Change ◽  
Native Herbs

Resumo: Para analisar a legislação para fitoterápicos no Brasil e as mudanças propostas com o Projeto de Lei n.o 3381/2004, que tenta modernizá-la, foi utilizado o Delphi Eletrônico, que busca o consenso de opiniões entre especialistas na área. Assim, foram aplicados 100 questionários e, a partir dos resultados, foi possível constatar que a atual legislação é uma das maiores barreiras do setor, devido às exigências e altos custos com pesquisas, assim como a falta de estudo sobre as plantas nativas, o que privilegia a entrada de plantas exóticas no país. A falta de informação, descrédito e desconfiança dos profissionais prescritores, também, têm prejudicado o setor. A pesquisa conclui, portanto, que se o Projeto de Lei for aprovado, trará mudanças positivas como: influência no comportamento das indústrias brasileiras, aumentando sua produção; alteração na localização geográfica das indústrias deste setor, causando a descentralização; aumento na utilização de plantas nativas que, consequentemente, ocasionará a diminuição nos níveis de importação.Palavras-chave: Plantas Medicinais, fitoterápicos, legislação.EVALUATION OF THE REGULATORY MARK IN THE PRODUCTION OF PHYTOTHERAPEUTIC MEDICINES IN BRAZILAbstract: To analyze the legislation of phytotherapeutic in Brazil and the changes proposed by the Law Project 3381/2004, that tempts to modernize it, was utilized the Electronic Delphi, that looks for opinion consensus among specialists of the area. Therefore, one hundred questionnaires were applied and the results discovered that the current legislation is one of the biggest limits to the production chain, due to the exigencies and high costs with researches, as well as the lack of study about native herbs, that makes easier the entrance of exotic plants in the country. The lack of information, discredit and suspicion of the prescriber professionals, also, have prejudiced of the area. Concludes that if the Law Project comes to be approved, it will bring positive changes like: influence in the behavior of Brazilian industries, increasing its production; change of geographical place of the industries of this sector, causing decentralization; improve the use of native herbs that, consequently will cause a decrease in the importation levels.Key words: Medicinal plants, phytotherapeutics, legislation.

Litter burning does not equally affect seedling emergence of native and alien species of the Mediterranean-type Chilean matorral

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susana Gómez-González ◽  
Lohengrin A. Cavieres
Keyword(s):  
Alien Species ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Fire Intensity ◽  
Alien Plant ◽  
Central Chile ◽  
Ecological Features ◽  
Chilean Matorral ◽  
Anthropogenic Fires

Central Chile differs from other areas with Mediterranean-type climate by the scarcity of natural wildfires. The Chilean matorral is highly invaded by alien plant species from other Mediterranean zones of the world, where natural, recurrent wildfires have been one of their ecological features at least since the Pliocene. This suggests that anthropogenic fires in Chile might favour alien plant recruitment, increasing the invasive process. We assessed the effect of litter burning on the emergence of alien and native species from the soil seedbank of a matorral of central Chile. Soil samples were taken from three types of microhabitats: (i) closed matorral; (ii) beneath the canopy of shrubs and trees from an open matorral; (iii) grassland. Each sample was split in two subsamples. One subsample was exposed to fire by burning the litter taken from its corresponding microhabitat, and the other subsample was left unburned and used as a control. Fire intensity, determined by the fuel type, affected more markedly the native seedbank survival than the alien one. The low-intensity fire produced by grassland litter did not significantly affect the emergence of native herbs but increased alien species richness. The high-intensity and the very high-intensity fires produced by litter burning from beneath the canopy of the closed and the open matorral, respectively, negatively affected the seedling emergence of both native and alien species, but did so in a more pronounced manner to native species. Therefore, anthropogenic fires in central Chile may promote the invasion of alien plants with favourable traits (i.e. heat-shock resistance of seeds) that are not present in the native flora.

Shrub clumps of the Chilean matorral vegetation: structure and possible maintenance mechanisms

Oecologia ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 405-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo R. Fuentes ◽  
Ricardo D. Otaiza ◽  
M. Catalina Alliende ◽  
Alicia Hoffmann ◽  
Aldo Poiani
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Structure ◽  
Chilean Matorral

The most important natural antioxidants and native herbs of Iran used in the nervous system as pre-anesthetics

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 1453
Author(s):  
Forough Taheri ◽  
Saber Abbaszadeh ◽  
Ali Valibeik ◽  
Ehsan Sattari ◽  
Elham Gholami
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Native Herbs

Vegetation change in large clearings: Patterns in the Chilean matorral

Oecologia ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 358-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo R. Fuentes ◽  
Alicia J. Hoffmann ◽  
Aldo Poiani ◽  
Mar�a C. Alliende
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Change ◽  
Chilean Matorral

Seasonal Water Stress in Some Chilean Matorral Shrubs

1978 ◽  
Vol 139 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Giliberto ◽  
Hiram Estay
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Chilean Matorral

Limited evidence for allelopathic effects of giant hogweed on germination of native herbs

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wibke Wille ◽  
Jan Thiele ◽  
Emer A. Walker ◽  
Johannes Kollmann
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Limited Evidence ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Soil Extracts ◽  
Heracleum Mantegazzianum ◽  
Poa Trivialis ◽  
Allelopathic Effects ◽  
Native Herbs

AbstractInvasive alien plants often occur in monospecific stands with high density in the invaded range. Production of bioactive secondary metabolites in such stands could have allelopathic effects on germination of native species. We tested this component of the novel weapon hypothesis for Heracleum mantegazzianum, a prominent invader in Europe, using seeds of 11 native herbs exposed to soil or soil extracts from invaded stands, moist seeds or seed extracts of H. mantegazzianum. There was no effect of the various treatments on germination of most species, while germination was reduced in Urtica dioica on invaded soil, in Poa trivialis with H. mantegazzianum seed extract, and negative effects of the essential oil bergapten were found in three species. In P. trivialis the results of the seed extract were not supported by the experiment with added seeds of the invasive plant. Thus, there is limited evidence for allelopathic effects of the invasive H. mantegazzianum on germination of co-occurring native herbs.

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