Gender Roles and Party Roles

1979 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 772-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane L. Fowlkes ◽  
Jerry Perkins ◽  
Sue Tolleson Rinehart
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Gender Roles ◽  
The Other ◽  
Party Organization ◽  
Party Activists ◽  
Party Differences ◽  
Role Definitions

This article uses discriminant analysis to assess sex and party differences across four aspects of party organization: incentives for participation, party role definitions, party activities and electoral ambition. The results illustrate that gender roles operate most distinctly in the two areas of electoral ambition and party activities. Party context is more important than sex in terms of the other two areas, party role definitions and incentives for participation. The authors conclude that party activists' gender-related behavior can be better understood by discovering how the context of party organization either modifies or reinforces such behavior.

Designs for Living: Female Designers, the Designing Female, Modernism and the Middlebrow

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-177
Author(s):  
Chiara Briganti ◽  
Kathy Mezei
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Interwar Period ◽  
The Other ◽  
Urban Modernity ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Sexual Ambiguity

During the interwar period, the artistic endeavour of the female interior decorator was dismissed as old-fashioned, nostalgic, and, tainted by its association with commerce; it was excluded from the rarefied circle of the higher arts of painting and sculpture and architecture; in the novels and plays of middlebrow authors of the same period, on the other hand, the female interior decorator, mocked for her edgy modernity, became a disturbing icon of urban modernity and a controversial advocate for new designs in living. This essay proposes to demonstrate how the representation in fiction and drama of the interwar period of the female interior decorator, a magnet for anxieties about changing gender roles, class distinctions, sexuality and sexual ambiguity and the ‘sanctity’ of the home, complicates the complexity and mutability of the middlebrow and its fraught relationship with modernism.

The influence of wing morphology and echolocation on the gleaning ability of the insectivorous bat Myotis tricolor

2004 ◽  
Vol 82 (12) ◽  
pp. 1854-1863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha Stoffberg ◽  
David S Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Foraging Behaviour ◽  
Myotis Lucifugus ◽  
The Other ◽  
Wing Morphology ◽  
Echolocation Calls ◽  
Narrow Bandwidth ◽  
Mole Crickets ◽  
Wing Tips ◽  
Wing Tip

On the basis of its external morphology, Myotis tricolor (Temminck, 1832) should be able to both aerial-feed and glean. Furthermore, this bat is known to use broadband calls of short duration, reinforcing the prediction that it gleans. However, results from this study indicate that M. tricolor does not commonly glean. This conclusion was reached after studying the foraging behaviour of M. tricolor in a flight room. We presented M. tricolor with mealworms, moths, mole crickets, beetles, and cicadas in a variety of ways that required either gleaning and (or) aerial feeding. Although M. tricolor readily took tethered prey, it did not take any of the variety of insects presented to it in a manner that required gleaning. We therefore compared its wing morphology and echolocation calls with those of several known gleaners, Nycteris thebaica E. Geoffroy, 1818, Myotis lucifugus (Le Conte, 1831), and Myotis septentrionalis (Trouessart, 1897), and an aerial forager, Neoromicia capensis (A. Smith, 1829). In a discriminant analysis wing-tip shape was the only variable to provide some degree of discrimination between species, with M. tricolor having more pointed wing tips than the known gleaners. Discriminant analysis of echolocation-call parameters grouped M. tricolor with the other Myotis species and separated it from N. capensis and N. thebaica. However, M. tricolor did not use harmonics as did the other Myotis species. The apparent failure of M. tricolor to glean might therefore be due to its relatively pointed wings and narrow-bandwidth echolocation calls, owing to the absence of harmonics in its calls.

Analyse discriminante et vocabulaire politique : Essai méthodologique

Res Publica ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-97
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Chapelle ◽  
Pierre Couvreur ◽  
Giuseppe Pagano
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Discriminant Function ◽  
The Other ◽  
Limited Sample ◽  
Ideological Differences ◽  
French Speaking ◽  
Political Speeches ◽  
Lexical Items

This paper aims at testing the hypothesis of growing ideological uniformity of political speeches. If political speeches lack ideological differences, it should be difficult to re-classify them only by analyzing the presence or absence of lexical items. We first worked out a method to classify political speeches and then carried a test on two speeches by leading Belgian French-speaking politicians.  The method is based on discriminant analysis. It utilizes the words most encountered in one speech and not in the other as discriminant factors. Statistical softwares then assess a discriminant function used to re-classify short parts of each speech called blocks. The most discriminating 10 factors re-classify correctly 89% of the blocks. The percentage increases to 93% with 20 factors and to 98% with 30 factors.However the results should be taken with caution because of the limited sample, the test tends to question the growing uniformity of political speeches. The sampled ones had enough specific features for allowing a rather simpte method to re-classify most parts of them correctly, even if some typically ideological items are not to be found.

scholarly journals Образ материнской любви в фильме Трясина Григория Чухрая*

2018 ◽  
Vol 166 ◽  
pp. 99-107
Author(s):  
Shino Maeda
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Gender Roles ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Public ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Female Image ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Soviet Russia ◽  
The Military

Image of maternal love in Grigory Chukhray’s The QuagmireMemories of the Great Patriotic War contributed to the making of a national identity in Soviet Russia, and clear gender roles are evident in Soviet propaganda war art. The image of male soldiers demonstrates the obligation to defend the fatherland against the outside enemy. On the other hand, there are images of a mother cheering for her son or a mother lamenting over a fallen soldier. It is clear that the female image belongs to the reproductive function of motherhood. The establishment presents an ideal and urges the public to internalize it by themselves. Grigory Chukhray’s film The Quagmire’s 1977 mother, however, hides her young son, who was conscripted to the front. The  film casts doubt on the Soviet war myth and asks “Why do mothers have to be reconciled to lose their sons in order to defend the fatherland?” That’s why the military purged the film from the screen. Obraz miłości macierzyńskiej w filmie Grigorija Czuchraja TrzęsawiskoWspomnienia i obrazy Wielkiej Wojny Ojczyźnianej odegrały ważną rolę w kształtowaniu tożsamości obywateli Rosji Radzieckiej. W sowieckiej propagandzie wojennej wyraźnie widać hierarchię genderową. Wizerunek żołnierza mężczyzny odnosi się do obowiązku obrony ojczyzny przed zewnętrznym wrogiem. Natomiast wizerunek matki wiwatującej na cześć zwycięstwa syna lub rodzicielki lamentującej nad poległym żołnierzem kojarzony jest z macierzyństwem. Film Grigorija Czuchraja Trzęsawisko Трясина opowiada historię matki ukrywającej powołanego do wojska i wezwanego na front syna. Film, który wkrótce po premierze wycofano z  dystrybucji, stawia pytania dotyczące funkcjonowania radzieckich mitów wojennych oraz sytuacji kobiet, które nie chcą się pogodzić ze śmiercią swych synów broniących ojczyzny.

Sex Differences in Conformity: Status and Gender Role Interpretations

1986 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice H. Eagly ◽  
Carole Chrvala
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Gender Roles ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
The Other ◽  
Group Pressure ◽  
Status Characteristics ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Older Subjects ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Older Males

The experiment examines status and gender role explanations of the tendency for women to conform more than men in group pressure settings. Subjects believed they were assigned to groups containing two males and two females in addition to themselves and received these other group members' opinions, which were represented as deviating from the opinions that subjects had given earlier. Subjects then gave their opinions with the other group members either having or not having surveillance over these opinions. In addition, subjects were required to form impressions of each other's likability or expertise. The findings indicate that subjects' sex and age affected the extent of their conformity. Among older (19 years and older) subjects, females conformed more with surveillance than without it, whereas surveillance did not affect males' conformity. Among younger (under 19 years) subjects, surveillance had no effects. Analysis of sex differences revealed that older females were significantly more conforming than older males when under surveillance as well as when subjects formed impressions of one another's likability. Among younger subjects, there were no sex differences. These findings are discussed in terms of the theories that (a) both sex and age function as status characteristics and (b) gender roles determine conformity.

María de Zayas’s Good Friends

2020 ◽  
pp. 137-157
Author(s):  
Donald Gilbert-Santamaría
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
The Other ◽  
Don Juan ◽  
Female Friendship ◽  
Traditional Gender Roles

María de Zayas’s La traición en la amistad stands out for its representation of female friendship and for its development of a new archetype within the tradition of writing friendship: the figure of the “bad” friend. Through an innovative use of theatrical hybridity, María de Zayas contrasts the false hyperbole of Fenisa, the bad friend, with the quiet intimacy that grows up around her rivals, Laura and Marcia. Through an inversion of traditional gender roles, the figure of Fenisa emerges as a female heir to Tirso de Molina’s Don Juan who is finally condemned less for her irrepressible desire than for her failure as a friend. Her lack of solidarity with the other women in the play functions as a point of contrast to a clearly gendered representation of good female friendship that is closely associated with the rhetoric of verisimilitude and intimacy.

scholarly journals Bankruptcy Prediction: The Case of the Greek Market

Forecasting ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 505-525
Author(s):  
Angeliki Papana ◽  
Anastasia Spyridou
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Statistical Models ◽  
Bankruptcy Prediction ◽  
The Other ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Business Failures ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Of Greece

Financial bankruptcy prediction is an essential issue in emerging economies taking into consideration the economic upheaval that can be caused by business failures. The research on bankruptcy prediction is of the utmost importance as it aims to build statistical models that can distinguish healthy firms from financially distressed ones. This paper explores the applicability of the four most used approaches to predict financial bankruptcy using data concerning the case of Greece. A comparison of linear discriminant analysis, logit, decision trees and neural networks is performed. The results show that discriminant analysis is slightly superior to the other methods.

The discursive representation of masculinity in the Freedom Party of Austria (FPÖ)

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Geden
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
National Government ◽  
The Political ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Extreme Right ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Traditional Concept ◽  
Explorative Study ◽  
Party Activists ◽  
Right Wing Extremism

Organizations of the extreme right are clearly dominated by men, much more than parties of the political mainstream. But instead of analyzing the specific attractiveness of right-wing extremism for men, gender sensible research in this field has mainly focused on women. This explorative study will reconstruct discourses of masculinity within the Freedom Party of Austria, which is part of the national government since 2000. The analysis of two of the party’s newspapers and of group discussions conducted with young party activists will show the party’s willingness to seize on the insecurities that men experience in the ongoing transformation of gender relations. We can find a general orientation towards a traditional concept of gender roles, but the ways of developing and distributing this knowledge differ widely, depending on the specific conditions in the different political arenas in which the newspapers and the activists are involved.

Personality Traits and Their Relationship to Traffic Violations

1976 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 467-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. D. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Air Force ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Enlisted Personnel ◽  
Chronic Offenders ◽  
Traffic Violations ◽  
Air Force Base

There is a relationship between personality traits of enlisted personnel at one mid-west Air Force Base and their frequency of moving violations. The 52 individuals who received one or two moving violations were more emotionally stable than the 33 non-offenders and the 18 chronic offenders. Discriminant analysis showed significant differences between the personality characteristics of the occasional offender and the other two groups, but none between the chronic offender and the non-offender. The personality characteristics of the chronic offender resembled those of Zelhart's alcoholic offender and Dunbar's “accident-prone” individual. Additional research using a more heterogeneous sample might make possible identification of the high-frequency traffic violator by means of personality characteristics measured after his first offense.

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