Direct Observations of Owls and Heteromyid Rodents: Can Predation Risk Explain Microhabitat Use?

Ecology ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 2261-2273 ◽  
Author(s):  
William S. Longland ◽  
Mary V. Price
Keyword(s):  
Predation Risk ◽  
Microhabitat Use ◽  
Direct Observations ◽  
Heteromyid Rodents

Patterns of microhabitat use and seed collection within populations of heteromyid rodents

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-330
Author(s):  
Robert T. M'Closkey
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Rodent Species ◽  
Microhabitat Use ◽  
Female Resident ◽  
Seed Collection ◽  
Heteromyid Rodents ◽  
Cheek Pouches ◽  
Number Of Seeds

Microhabitat use and seeds in cheek pouches were examined in four species of heteromyid rodent. Individuals of each species were classified as male or female, resident or transient, and adult or juvenile. The following question is addressed: are there any differences in microhabitat use and seed collection within rodent species and are these differences associated with the sex, residence, or age of individuals? For microhabitats, there were significant differences among individuals for each species analyzed. However, these differences could not be attributed to sex, residence, or age groups within populations. In addition, there were no differences within rodent species in the variety or number of seeds contained in individual cheek pouches. In spite of apparent differences in microhabitat use among heteromyid species, individual rodents are extremely variable in their use of microhabitats.

The effect of cover and food on space use by wintering Song Sparrows and Field Sparrows

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (10) ◽  
pp. 1636-1641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher W. Beck ◽  
Bryan D. Watts
Keyword(s):  
Predation Risk ◽  
Positive Response ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Microhabitat Use ◽  
Vegetative Cover ◽  
Song Sparrows ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Resource Requirements ◽  
Woody Cover ◽  
Species Specific

The distribution of birds among microhabitats may reflect species-specific resource requirements. Both food availability and predation risk have been shown to influence patterns of microhabitat use by sparrows during winter. We investigated the influence of vegetative cover and food on microhabitat use using a 2 × 2 factorial design. Both woody cover and food were manipulated at the plot level. The presence of screening cover (weed stems) was manipulated within plots. Sparrows showed a positive response to the presence of both cover and food. Within plots, sparrows selected areas with screening cover. The distribution of birds between areas with and without screening cover was influenced by the presence of woody cover and food. Conversely, the presence of screening cover reduced the influence of woody cover on the distribution of birds within patches. Song Sparrows (Melospiza melodia) and Field Sparrows (Spizella pusilla) differed in their response to treatments both within and across plots, suggesting that trade-offs between foraging and predation risk may be important in the structuring of winter sparrow assemblages. Additionally, screening cover appears to moderate predation risk and therefore to affect distribution patterns.

Microhabitat Use by Heteromyid Rodents: Effects of Artificial Seed Patches

Ecology ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 211-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary V. Price ◽  
Nickolas M. Waser
Keyword(s):  
Microhabitat Use ◽  
Artificial Seed ◽  
Heteromyid Rodents

scholarly journals Microhabitat use and behavior of voles under weasel and raptor predation risk: predator facilitation?

1996 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erkki Korpimaki ◽  
Vesa Koivunen ◽  
Hani Hakkarainen
Keyword(s):  
Predation Risk ◽  
Microhabitat Use ◽  
And Behavior

Habitat deterioration affects antipredatory behavior, body condition, and parasite load of female Psammodromus algirus lizards

2007 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 743-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luisa Amo ◽  
Pilar López ◽  
José Martín
Keyword(s):  
Predation Risk ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Microhabitat Use ◽  
Health State ◽  
Habitat Deterioration ◽  
Antipredatory Behavior ◽  
Risk Of Predation ◽  
Psammodromus Algirus

Deforestation may increase predation risk for prey because it may make prey more conspicuous and limit the number of refuges suitable to avoid predators. Therefore, prey may need to increase the magnitude of escape responses. However, excessive antipredatory effort might lead to a loss of body mass and a decrease in defense against parasites, with important consequences for short- and long-term fitness. We analyzed whether Psammodromus algirus (L., 1758) lizards that inhabit patches with different levels of deterioration of the vegetation within the same oak forest differed in relative abundance numbers, microhabitat use, antipredatory strategies, and health state. Results showed lizards selected similar microhabitats regardless of the level of deterioration of the vegetation and relative abundance of lizards was similar in both areas. However, habitat deterioration seemed to increase predation risk, at least for females, because they were detected at longer distances in deteriorated areas. Females seemed to adjust their antipredatory behavior accordingly to high risk of predation by increasing approach distances allowed to predators. The costs associated with frequent antipredatory displays might explain why females in deteriorated habitats had lower body condition and greater blood parasite loads than females in natural areas. This loss of body condition and increased parasitemia might have deleterious consequences for female fitness and therefore affect the maintenance of lizard populations in the long-term.

Effect of predation risk on selectivity in heteromyid rodents

2003 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa A Leaver ◽  
Martin Daly
Keyword(s):  
Predation Risk ◽  
Heteromyid Rodents

Effect of predation risk on microhabitat use by goldfish

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sundararaj Vijayan ◽  
Burt P. Kotler ◽  
Lotan Tamar Tov-Elem ◽  
Zvika Abramsky
Keyword(s):  
Predation Risk ◽  
Microhabitat Use

LARVAL SALAMANDER RESPONSE TO UV RADIATION AND PREDATION RISK: COLOR CHANGE AND MICROHABITAT USE

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1055-1064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiffany S. Garcia ◽  
Jodi Stacy ◽  
Andrew Sih
Keyword(s):  
Predation Risk ◽  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Microhabitat Use

scholarly journals Assessing the potential for intraguild predation among taxonomically disparate micro-carnivores: marsupials and arthropods

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 171872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara I. Potter ◽  
Aaron C. Greenville ◽  
Christopher R. Dickman
Keyword(s):  
Intraguild Predation ◽  
Prey Availability ◽  
Interference Competition ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Microhabitat Use ◽  
Pitfall Trapping ◽  
Wolf Spiders ◽  
Direct Observations ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
First Time

Interspecific competition may occur when resources are limited, and is often most intense between animals in the same ecological guild. Intraguild predation (IGP) is a distinctive form of interference competition, where a dominant predator selectively kills subordinate rivals to gain increased access to resources. However, before IGP can be identified, organisms must be confirmed as members of the same guild and occur together in space and time. The lesser hairy-footed dunnart ( Sminthopsis youngsoni , Dasyuridae) is a generalist marsupial insectivore in arid Australia, but consumes wolf spiders ( Lycosa spp., Lycosidae) disproportionately often relative to their availability. Here, we test the hypothesis that this disproportionate predation is a product of frequent encounter rates between the interactants due to high overlap in their diets and use of space and time. Diet and prey availability were determined using direct observations and invertebrate pitfall trapping, microhabitat use by tracking individuals of both species-groups, and temporal activity using spotlighting and camera traps. Major overlap (greater than 75% similarity) was found in diet and temporal activity, and weaker overlap in microhabitat use. Taken together, these findings suggest reasonable potential, for the first time, for competition and intraguild predation to occur between taxa as disparate as marsupials and spiders.

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