Species Diversity of Decapod Crustaceans in Marine Habitats

Ecology ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence G. Abele
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Decapod Crustaceans ◽  
Marine Habitats

scholarly journals Diversity and distribution patterns of the Oligocene and Miocene decapod crustaceans (Crustacea: Malacostraca) of the Western and Central Paratethys

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 471-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matúš Hyžný
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Decapod Crustacean ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Homogeneous Distribution ◽  
Decapod Crustaceans ◽  
Central Paratethys ◽  
The North ◽  
Marine Habitats

AbstractDecapod associations have been significant components of marine habitats throughout the Cenozoic when the major diversification of the group occurred. In this respect, the circum-Mediterranean area is of particular interest due to its complex palaeogeographic history. During the Oligo-Miocene, it was divided in two major areas, Mediterranean and Paratethys. Decapod crustaceans from the Paratethys Sea have been reported in the literature since the 19thcentury, but only recent research advances allow evaluation of the diversity and distribution patterns of the group. Altogether 176 species-level taxa have been identified from the Oligocene and Miocene of the Western and Central Paratethys. Using the three-dimensional NMDS analysis, the composition of decapod crustacean faunas of the Paratethys shows significant differences through time. The Ottnangian and Karpatian decapod associations were similar to each other both taxonomically and in the mode of preservation, and they differed taxonomically from the Badenian ones. The Early Badenian assemblages also differed taxonomically from the Late Badenian ones. The time factor, including speciation, immigration from other provinces and/or (local or global) extinction, can explain temporal differences among assemblages within the same environment. High decapod diversity during the Badenian was correlated with the presence of reefal settings. The Badenian was the time with the highest decapod diversity, which can, however, be a consequence of undersampling of other time slices. Whereas the Ottnangian and Karpatian decapod assemblages are preserved virtually exclusively in the siliciclastic “Schlier”-type facies that originated in non-reefal offshore environments, carbonate sedimentation and the presence of reefal environments during the Badenian in the Central Paratethys promoted thriving of more diverse reef-associated assemblages. In general, Paratethyan decapods exhibited homogeneous distribution during the Oligo-Miocene among the basins in the Paratethys. Based on the co-occurrence of certain decapod species, migration between the Paratethys and the North Sea during the Early Miocene probably occurred via the Rhine Graben. At larger spatial scales, our results suggest that the circum-Mediterranean marine decapod taxa migrated in an easterly direction during the Oligocene and/or Miocene, establishing present-day decapod communities in the Indo-West Pacific.

scholarly journals Improved bathymetry leads to >4000 new seamount predictions in the global ocean – but beware of phantom seamounts!

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Yesson ◽  
Tom B. Letessier ◽  
Alex Nimmo-Smith ◽  
Phil Hosegood ◽  
Andrew S. Brierley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Human Impact ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Marine Habitats ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Acoustic Mapping ◽  
Source Of Error

Seamounts are important marine habitats that are hotspots of species diversity. Relatively shallow peaks, increased productivity and offshore locations make seamounts vulnerable to human impact and difficult to protect. Present estimates of seamount numbers vary from anywhere between 10,000 to more than 60,000. Seamount locations can be estimated by extracting large, cone-like features from bathymetry grids (based on criteria of size and shape). These predicted seamounts are a useful reference for marine researchers and can help direct exploratory surveys. However, these predictions are dependent on the quality of the surveys underpinning the bathymetry. Historically, quality has been patchy, but is improving as mapping efforts step up towards the target of complete seabed coverage by 2030. This study presents an update of seamount predictions based on SRTM30 PLUS global bathymetry version 11 and examines a potential source of error in these predictions. This update was prompted by a seamount survey in the British Indian Ocean Territory in 2016, where locations of two putative seamounts were visited. These ‘seamounts’ were targeted based on previous predictions, but these features were not detected during echosounder surveys. An examination of UK hydrographic office navigational (Admiralty) charts for the area showed that the summits of these putative features had soundings reporting ‘no bottom detected at this depth’ where ‘this depth’ was similar to the seabed reported from the bathymetry grids: we suspect that these features likely resulted from an initial misreading of the charts. We show that 15 ‘phantom seamount’ features, derived from a misinterpretation of no bottom sounding data, persist in current global bathymetry grids and updated seamount predictions. Overall, we predict 37,889 seamounts, an increase of 4437 from the previous predictions derived from an older global bathymetry grid (SRTM30 PLUS v6). This increase is due to greater detail in newer bathymetry grids as acoustic mapping of the seabed expands. The new seamount predictions are available at https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.921688.

scholarly journals Improved bathymetry leads to 4000 new seamount predictions in the global ocean

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Yesson ◽  
Tom B. Letessier ◽  
Alex Nimmo-Smith ◽  
Phil Hosegood ◽  
Andrew S. Brierley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Human Impact ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Marine Habitats ◽  
Acoustic Mapping

Seamounts are important marine habitats that are hotpots of species diversity. Relatively shallow peaks, increasedproductivity and offshore locations make seamounts vulnerable to human impact and difficult to protect. Present estimates ofseamount numbers vary from barely 10000 to more than 60000), because locating and identifying them remotely can bedifficult. Seamount locations can be estimated by extracting conical shaped features from bathymetry grids. These predictedseamounts are a useful reference for marine researchers and can help direct exploratory surveys. However, these predictionsare dependent on the quality of the surveys underpinning the bathymetry. Historically, quality has been patchy, but isimproving as mapping efforts step up towards the target of complete seabed coverage by 2030.This study presents an update of seamount predictions based on the most recent SRTM30 global bathymetry. This updatewas prompted by a seamount survey in the British Indian Ocean Territory, where locations of two putative seamounts, basedon several previous global seamount predictions, were visited, but no such features were detected during echosoundersurveys. An examination of Admiralty charts for the area showed that the summits of these putative features had soundingsreporting no bottom detected at this depth where this depth was similar to the seabed reported from the bathymetrygrids: we suspect that these features likely resulted from an initial misreading of the charts. We show that perhaps 15phantom seamount features, derived from a misinterpretation of no-bottom sounding data, persist in current globalbathymetry grids and updated seamount predictions. Overall, we predict 37,889 seamounts, an increase of 4,437 from theprevious prediction derived from an older global bathymetry grid. This increase is due to greater detail in newer bathymetrygrids as acoustic mapping of the seabed expands

Species diversity of freshwater decapod crustaceans (crabs and shrimps) from Colombia

Crustaceana ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 90 (7-10) ◽  
pp. 883-908
Author(s):  
Martha R. Campos ◽  
Diógenes Campos
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Shannon Entropy ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Decapod Crustaceans ◽  
Species Diversity Index ◽  
Predominant Species ◽  
Risk Of Extinction ◽  
Biogeographic Regions

The aim of this paper is to characterize the species diversity of freshwater decapod crustaceans (crabs and shrimps) from Colombia by using a dataset containing 964 digitized records and 13 881 specimens collected between 1910 and 2016, information that has been assembled with data from 21 museums and other institutions worldwide. The characterization of species diversity is based on the estimation of relative abundance of species and it is calculated in three separate analyses in which the data were partitioned as follows: (a) by decapod families (six in Colombia) (b) the unpartitioned dataset of all 139 Colombian species and (c) by the five biogeographic regions in the country. In each case, Campos & Isaza’s species diversity index and the Shannon entropy index were calculated. The calculations performed here also allowed the identification of predominant species and those that are least represented in collections and might therefore be at greater risk of extinction.

scholarly journals Improved bathymetry leads to 4000 new seamount predictions in the global ocean

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Yesson ◽  
Tom Letessier ◽  
Alex Nimmo-Smith ◽  
Phil Hosegood ◽  
Andrew Brierley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Human Impact ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Marine Habitats ◽  
Acoustic Mapping

Seamounts are important marine habitats that are hotpots of species diversity. Relatively shallow peaks, increased productivity and offshore locations make seamounts vulnerable to human impact and difficult to protect. Present estimates of seamount numbers vary from anywhere between 10000 to more than 60000. Seamount locations can be estimated by extracting conical shaped features from bathymetry grids. These predicted seamounts are a useful reference for marine researchers and can help direct exploratory surveys. However, these predictions are dependent on the quality of the surveys underpinning the bathymetry. Historically, quality has been patchy, but is improving as mapping efforts step up towards the target of complete seabed coverage by 2030. This study presents an update of seamount predictions based on SRTM30 global bathymetry version 11. This update was prompted by a seamount survey in the British Indian Ocean Territory in 2016, where locations of two putative seamounts were visited. These ‘seamounts’ were targeted based on previous predictions, but these features were not detected during echosounder surveys. An examination of UK hydrographic office navigational (Admiralty) charts for the area showed that the summits of these putative features had soundings reporting “no bottom detected at this depth” where “this depth” was similar to the seabed reported from the bathymetry grids: we suspect that these features likely resulted from an initial misreading of the charts. We show that 15 phantom seamount features, derived from a misinterpretation of no-bottom sounding data, persist in current global bathymetry grids and updated seamount predictions. Overall, we predict 37,889 seamounts, an increase of 4,437 from the previous predictions derived from an older global bathymetry grid (SRTM30 v. 6). This increase is due to greater detail in newer bathymetry grids as acoustic mapping of the seabed expands. The new seamount predictions are available at https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.921688.

A Quantitative Survey of the Macrobenthos of Western Port, Victoria

1978 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 445 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Coleman ◽  
W Cuff ◽  
M Drummond ◽  
JD Kudenov
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Sediment Type ◽  
Decapod Crustaceans ◽  
Medium Sand ◽  
Quantitative Survey ◽  
Faunal Assemblages ◽  
Regional Estimates

The results of the first bay-wide quantitative survey of the invertebrate macrobenthos of Westeln Port, Victoria (145� E., 38�S.) are presented. Three 0.1-m² samples were taken with a Smith- McIntyre grab at each of 41 randomly selected sampling stations, and the results were used to provide both bay-wide and regional estimates of population distribution and abundance. More than 19 600 individuals were collected, and 572 species identified. The fauna is dominated by polychaetes, crustaceans and molluscs which provided respectively 54.1, 31.7 and 6.6% of the individuals collected and 35.7,47.7 and 10.3 % of the species identified. Comparison of faunal affinity between stations showed two major faunal assemblages whose distributions are linked with sediment type. These assemblages are a 'clean medium sand' assemblage distributed in the deeper (> 5.5 rn) sublittoral channel areas, and a 'fine sand and mud' assemblage distributed over the tidal flats and in shallow (< 5.5 m) sublittoral areas. Species characteristic of the 'clean medium sand' assemblage are the polychaetes Scoloplos spp. 1-4, Rhodine sp. and Travisia sp. ; the bivalves Neotrigonia margaritacea, Notocallista diemenensis, Solen vaginoides and Venericardia bimaculata; and the crustaceans Halicarcinus rostratus, Ampelisca sp., Cheirighotis megacheles, Leptanthura diemenensis and Paranchialina angusta. Characteristic of the 'fine sand and mud' assemblage are the polychaetes Amaeana sp. and Mediomastus sp.; the bivalves Tellina deltoidalis, T. mariae and Katelysia rhytiphora; and the decapod crustaceans Pontophilus intermedius, Macrobrachium intermedium, Halicarcinus ovatus and Litocheira bispinosa. A third, minor assemblage was also recognized. This contains the stations nearest to Hastings, the largest centre of urban and industrial development in the bay. The fauna at these stations is impoverished in species and low in species diversity. Both affinity analyses and survey statistical analyses were applied to the data. The advantages and limitations of each are discussed.

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