Net Photosynthesis of Cladonia Mitis (Sand.) From Sun and Shade Sites on the Wisconsin Pine Barrens

Ecology ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 413-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin J. Lechowicz ◽  
Michael S. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Pine Barrens ◽  
Sun And Shade

scholarly journals Photosynthetic induction and activity of enzymes related to carbon metabolism: insights into the varying net photosynthesis rates of coffee sun and shade leaves

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Cordeiro Vitor Martins ◽  
Kelly Coutinho Detmann ◽  
Josimar Vieira dos Reis ◽  
Lucas Felisberto Pereira ◽  
Lílian Maria Vincis Pereira Sanglard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Metabolism ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Photosynthetic Induction ◽  
Sun And Shade Leaves ◽  
Activity Of Enzymes ◽  
Sun And Shade ◽  
Shade Leaves

Ecology of Cladonia lichens. II. Comparative physiological ecology of C. mitis, C. rangiferina, and C. uncialis

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 411-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin J. Lechowicz ◽  
Michael S. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Physiological Ecology ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Pine Barrens ◽  
Physiological Tolerance ◽  
Interspecific Differences ◽  
Significant Seasonal Variation ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Photosynthetic Responses ◽  
Response To Temperature

The net CO2 exchange responses of Cladonia mitis, C. rangiferina, and C. uncialis from the Wisconsin Pine Barrens to irradiance, thallus temperature, and thallus relative water content were statistically compared for fall, spring, and summer. The absolute net photosynthetic rate of C. rangiferina exceeded that of C. uncialis under essentially all conditions and in all seasons; C. mitis's absolute net photosynthesis fluctuated with the seasons between these two contrasting species. Cladonia mitis showed significant intraspecific seasonal variation in net photosynthetic responses to temperature and irradiance. Cladonia rangiferina showed significant seasonal variation in dark respiratory response to temperature. Cladonia uncialis showed no significant intraspecific seasonal variation in net CO2 exchange responses. Significant interspecific differences in net CO2 exchange responses centered on the net photosynthetic responses to thallus temperature and relative water content.Despite its low net photosynthetic rates, C. uncialis is the most prevalent lichen in the Wisconsin Pine Barren ground-layer community. We attribute this not to broad physiological tolerance, but to its significantly slower drying rate. Lichens photosynthesize only when wetted. Cladonia uncialis photosynthesizes at generally lower rates than C. mitis or C. rangiferina, but it photosynthesizes longer under comparable environmental drying regimes. This and other aspects of the physiological ecology of the three species are discussed in relation to microdistribution and microhabitats within the Wisconsin Pine Barrens.

Phenotypic differences in the seasonal pattern of net photosynthesis in Cladonia stellaris

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (8) ◽  
pp. 2169-2180 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. A. Kershaw ◽  
J. D. MacFarlane ◽  
M. R. Webber ◽  
A. Fovargue
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Capacity ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Enzyme Polymorphism ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Genotypic Difference ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Protein Preparation ◽  
Phenotypic Differences ◽  
Sun And Shade

Despite the contrasting thermal and light environment of sun and shade ecotypes of Cladonia stellaris, analysis of the pattern of net photosynthesis throughout the year as well as enzyme polymorphism in each morphotype has found little genotypic difference. The large disparity between photosynthetic capacity in the sun and shade replicates is shown to be due to a difference in chlorophyll content. There is a significant decline in photosynthetic capacity in November and this is shown to be reversible uncoupling of energy transduction in some photosynthetic units during the winter period. The control of coupling and uncoupling of photosynthetic units is found to be mediated by both day length and thallus temperature and a double environmental signal in June and July of short days coupled to low temperature will initiate and finalize the event within 12 h. This response pattern is discussed in relation to identical capacity changes in other lichen species. Apart from a single isoenzyme difference in esterase polymorphism, no differences in the zymograms of leucine aminopeptidase, phosphoglucoisomerase, or acid phosphatase were detected and this overall genetic homogeneity was equally evident in a general protein gel. This unexpected degree of homogeneity is discussed in terms of the difficulties in assessing enzyme polymorphisms in different plant populations, without maximum refinement of protein preparation methods and electrophoretic techniques. It is concluded that the two quite distinct sun and shade morphotypes only reflect phenotypic differences. In contrast, however, significant differences are reported in the distribution of specific enzymes between the tops and bases of the podetia.

Ecology of Cladonia lichens. III. Comparison of C. caroliniana, endemic to southeastern North America, with three northern Cladonia species

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 565-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin J. Lechowicz ◽  
William P. Jordan ◽  
Michael S. Adams
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
Pine Barrens ◽  
Microhabitat Selection ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Northern Species

The net CO2 exchange responses of C. caroliniana in the fall to light, thallus temperature, and thallus relative water content were determined. Cladonia caroliniana responses were compared with three northern Cladonia: C. mitis, C. rangiferina, and C. uncialis. The eco-physiological characteristics of the four species provide some intuitive understanding of their biogeography and their microhabitat selection on the Wisconsin Pine Barrens. The temperature dependence of net photosynthesis of the four species correlates with their distributional relations. Cladonia caroliniana is physiologically adapted to higher temperatures than the three northern species. The limitations of this intuitive comparison are discussed and a quantitative alternative suggested.

scholarly journals Similar temperature dependence of photosynthetic parameters in sun and shade leaves of three tropical tree species

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 637-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgia G Hernández ◽  
Klaus Winter ◽  
Martijn Slot
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Vapor Pressure Deficit ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Carbon Uptake ◽  
Sun And Shade Leaves ◽  
Sun And Shade ◽  
Shade Leaves ◽  
Sun Leaves ◽  
Temperature Responses

Abstract Photosynthetic carbon uptake by tropical forests is of critical importance in regulating the earth’s climate, but rising temperatures threaten this stabilizing influence of tropical forests. Most research on how temperature affects photosynthesis focuses on fully sun-exposed leaves, and little is known about shade leaves, even though shade leaves greatly outnumber sun leaves in lowland tropical forests. We measured temperature responses of light-saturated photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and the biochemical parameters VCMax (maximum rate of RuBP carboxylation) and JMax (maximum rate of RuBP regeneration, or electron transport) on sun and shade leaves of mature tropical trees of three species in Panama. As expected, biochemical capacities and stomatal conductance were much lower in shade than in sun leaves, leading to lower net photosynthesis rates. However, the key temperature response traits of these parameters—the optimum temperature (TOpt) and the activation energy—did not differ systematically between sun and shade leaves. Consistency in the JMax to VCMax ratio further suggested that shade leaves are not acclimated to lower temperatures. For both sun and shade leaves, stomatal conductance had the lowest temperature optimum (~25 °C), followed by net photosynthesis (~30 °C), JMax (~34 °C) and VCMax (~38 °C). Stomatal conductance of sun leaves decreased more strongly with increasing vapor pressure deficit than that of shade leaves. Consistent with this, modeled stomatal limitation of photosynthesis increased with increasing temperature in sun but not shade leaves. Collectively, these results suggest that modeling photosynthetic carbon uptake in multi-layered canopies does not require independent parameterization of the temperature responses of the biochemical controls over photosynthesis of sun and shade leaves. Nonetheless, to improve the representation of the shade fraction of carbon uptake dynamics in tropical forests, better understanding of stomatal sensitivity of shade leaves to temperature and vapor pressure deficit will be required.

Mowing and Herbicide of Scrub Oaks in Pine Barrens: Baseline Data (New York)

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. T. Bried ◽  
N. A. Gifford
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Baseline Data ◽  
Pine Barrens
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