Philopatry, Natal Dispersal, and Inbreeding Avoidance in an Island Population of Savannah Sparrows

Ecology ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathaniel T. Wheel Wright ◽  
Robert A. Mauck
Keyword(s):  
Inbreeding Avoidance ◽  
Natal Dispersal ◽  
Island Population ◽  
Savannah Sparrows

Causes of Natal Dispersal in the Lesser Kestrel: Inbreeding Avoidance or Resource Competition?

10.2307/5917 ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan J. Negro ◽  
Fernando Hiraldo ◽  
J. A. Donazar
Keyword(s):  
Resource Competition ◽  
Inbreeding Avoidance ◽  
Natal Dispersal ◽  
Lesser Kestrel

Sex-biased natal dispersal and inbreeding avoidance in American black bears as revealed by spatial genetic analyses

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
pp. 4713-4723 ◽  
Author(s):  
CECILY M. COSTELLO ◽  
SCOTT R. CREEL ◽  
STEVEN T. KALINOWSKI ◽  
NINH V. VU ◽  
HOWARD B. QUIGLEY
Keyword(s):  
Inbreeding Avoidance ◽  
Black Bears ◽  
Natal Dispersal ◽  
Genetic Analyses ◽  
American Black ◽  
American Black Bears

The Proximate Mechanisms of Natal Dispersal in Female Horses

Behaviour ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 133 (13-14) ◽  
pp. 1095-1124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Duncan ◽  
Vincent Boy ◽  
Anne-Marie Monard
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Attraction ◽  
Intrasexual Competition ◽  
Inbreeding Avoidance ◽  
Natal Dispersal ◽  
Reproductive Competition ◽  
Young Females ◽  
Proximate Mechanisms ◽  
Competition Hypothesis ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Close Relatives

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate proximate mechanisms of natal dispersal by female horses, Equus caballus (i.e. proximate causes and the factors influencing the timing), and to test predictions from two functional hypotheses: the intrasexual competition hypothesis, and inbreeding avoidance. The data concerned 40 individuals born between 1974-1985 in a closely monitored herd which developed a natural social structure during this period. All the females dispersed from their natal groups; none became solitary; 80% transferred to existing harems, the others formed new groups with bachelor stallions. Abduction by stallions affected only a quarter of the females whose transfers were observed. The results of this study do not support the hypothesis that a function of natal dispersal is to reduce intrasexual competition. The young females were not expelled by resident females of their natal groups, and did not, as a rule, experience increased aggression from these females before emigration. Their social bonds with members of their natal groups showed no progressive weakening prior to departure, and there was no gradual strengthening of bonds with individuals in the groups to which they transferred. There was no evidence for reproductive competition between the young females and resident mares of their natal groups, since the young females always refused the sexual approaches by males of these groups. Finally, age at dispersal did not decrease with the number of resident females in the groups they left. In contrast, as predicted by the inbreeding avoidance hypothesis, the primary cause of dispersal appeared to be sexual attraction to unfamiliar males. When in oestrus and before dispersing, the young females accepted matings only with males of other groups in spite of frequent sexual approaches by males of their natal groups (normally close relatives). In addition, none dispersed before first oestrus, and most did so during an oestrous period, at or before the conception of their first foal. The mothers of most young females interposed themselves when close kin males of the natal group approached their daughters sexually; this could contribute to the avoidance of close inbreeding. Among the other factors examined, some did not influence dispersal of the young females : they experienced low levels of aggression by adult stallions of their natal groups, particularly at the time of departure; their weight and body condition had no significant effects on leaving age nor did their mother's rank, the number of siblings, or the birth of another. In contrast, as the number of groups and the breeding sex ratio increased, dispersal age declined, occurring at a median age of 23 months (range 12-42 months) in the later years, when the herd had developed a natural social system.

Natal dispersal and social organization of the swamp antechinus (Antechinus minimus) in a high-density island population

2009 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 262-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Sale ◽  
F.J.L. Kraaijeveld-Smit ◽  
J.P.Y. Arnould
Keyword(s):  
Social Organization ◽  
Home Range Size ◽  
High Density ◽  
The Other ◽  
Natal Dispersal ◽  
Island Population ◽  
Dispersal Patterns ◽  
Genetic Structuring ◽  
Apparent Lack ◽  
Genotype Composition

Radiotelemetry, mark–recapture trapping, and microsatellite analysis of genetic variation among three subpopulations were used to investigate the natal dispersal patterns, genetic structure, and social organization within a high-density island population of an insectivorous marsupial, the swamp antechinus ( Antechinus minimus (É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1803)). Both demographic and genetic data indicated a high degree of philopatry for both sexes. Associated with high philopatry is low gene flow, often leading to high population genetic structuring. However, there was only weak evidence to support this; allele frequencies and genotype composition of one population tended to be different from the other two. Interestingly, timing of breeding of this subpopulation was delayed compared with the other two subpopulations. The philopatry of both sexes and the apparent lack of kin avoidance behaviour could lead to inbreeding. However, no apparent inbreeding effects were observed and offspring survival was high compared with mainland populations. The fact that male home-range size increased during the breeding season, overlapping with several females, and single females were found nesting with different males at the time of mating (and vice versa) indicates a promiscuous mating system. Potentially, this may reduce inbreeding to some extent. Alternatively, inbreeding may not be purposefully avoided, potentially leading to purging of detrimental alleles, thereby reducing their damaging effects on inbreeding.

Inbreeding avoidance and male-biased natal dispersal in Antechinus spp. (Marsupialia: Dasyuridae)

1985 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 908-915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Cockburn ◽  
Michelle P. Scott ◽  
David J. Scotts
Keyword(s):  
Inbreeding Avoidance ◽  
Natal Dispersal

scholarly journals Resolving the conundrum of inbreeding depression but no inbreeding avoidance: Estimating sex-specific selection on inbreeding by song sparrows (Melospiza melodia)

Evolution ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 69 (11) ◽  
pp. 2846-2861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane M. Reid ◽  
Peter Arcese ◽  
Greta Bocedi ◽  
A. Bradley Duthie ◽  
Matthew E. Wolak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inbreeding Depression ◽  
Inbreeding Avoidance ◽  
Melospiza Melodia ◽  
Song Sparrows

scholarly journals Independent evolution towards larger body size in the distinctive Faroe Island mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Wilches ◽  
William H Beluch ◽  
Ellen McConnell ◽  
Diethard Tautz ◽  
Yingguang Frank Chan
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Small Body ◽  
Laboratory Mouse ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Island Population ◽  
Multiple Loci

Abstract Most phenotypic traits in nature involve the collective action of many genes. Traits that evolve repeatedly are particularly useful for understanding how selection may act on changing trait values. In mice, large body size has evolved repeatedly on islands and under artificial selection in the laboratory. Identifying the loci and genes involved in this process may shed light on the evolution of complex, polygenic traits. Here, we have mapped the genetic basis of body size variation by making a genetic cross between mice from the Faroe Islands, which are among the largest and most distinctive natural populations of mice in the world, and a laboratory mouse strain selected for small body size, SM/J. Using this F2 intercross of 841 animals, we have identified 111 loci controlling various aspects of body size, weight and growth hormone levels. By comparing against other studies, including the use of a joint meta-analysis, we found that the loci involved in the evolution of large size in the Faroese mice were largely independent from those of a different island population or other laboratory strains. We hypothesize that colonization bottleneck, historical hybridization, or the redundancy between multiple loci have resulted in the Faroese mice achieving an outwardly similar phenotype through a distinct evolutionary path.

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