Jobs and Housing: Alternative Developments in the Venezuelan Guayana

1971 ◽  
Vol 13 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 342-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Stuart MacDonald ◽  
Leatrice D. MacDonald
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Public Housing ◽  
Agrarian Reform ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
The People ◽  
Per Se ◽  
The Impact

The appraisal of development projects is often complicated by the fact that they rarely occur in isolation. In Latin America, the effectiveness of public housing programs and the reactions of the people involved are, as a rule, bound up with the whole complex of heterogeneous developments we call “urbanization.” And when public housing reaches the villages, it typically goes hand in hand with agrarian reform. This is generally the case in Venezuela, where large public housing schemes have been in operation since 1958.Consequently it is difficult to disentangle and then evaluate the impact of industrialization per se from social infrastructure development in the towns, or agrarian reform per se from social infrastructure development in the villages. The Guayana region of Venezuela is one of the few areas where a production-oriented project and a social welfare project have operated discretely, but within a uniform socioeconomic context.

Some reflections on social structure: Theoretical and practical aspects

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 1063-1078
Author(s):  
T.N. Skorobogatova ◽  
I.Yu. Marakhovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Service Industry ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
The Social ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
The Impact

Subject. This article discusses the role of social infrastructure in the national economy and analyzes the relationship between the notions of Infrastructure, Service Industry and Non-Productive Sphere. Objectives. The article aims to outline a methodology for development of the social infrastructure of Russia's regions. Methods. For the study, we used the methods of statistical and comparative analyses. The Republic of Crimea and Rostov Oblast's social infrastructure development was considered as a case study. Results. The article finds that the level of social infrastructure is determined by a number of internal and external factors. By analyzing and assessing such factors, it is possible to develop promising areas for the social sphere advancement. Conclusions. Assessment and analysis of internal factors largely determined by the region's characteristics, as well as a comprehensive consideration of the impact of external factors will help ensure the competitiveness of the region's economy.

The Parvin-Brigham Mission to Spanish America, 1823–1826

1945 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-103
Author(s):  
J. Orin Oliphant
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Latin America ◽  
The United States ◽  
War Of 1812 ◽  
Spanish America ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Impact

Slowly during the years just preceding our War of 1812, and rapidly during the decade that followed the Peace of Ghent, the vast reaches of Latin America swam within the ken of the people of the United States. Of this “discovery” of our southern neighbors and of our relations with Latin America before 1830, we have learned much from a volume recently brought out by a distinguished historian of the United States, Professor Arthur P. Whitaker. Professor Whitaker's informing study was intended to be nothing less than a well-rounded history of the impact of Latin America upon the United States to 1830; and such it has proved to be—with one exception. Professor Whitaker completely overlooked the religious phase of the subject he otherwise treated so skillfully. Upon this neglected part of the history of our early relations with Latin America this paper will endeavor to throw some light.

scholarly journals Land acquisition for dams: relocation problem and potential change in livelihood of communities affected villages

2021 ◽  
Vol 892 (1) ◽  
pp. 012106
Author(s):  
D W Pujiriyani ◽  
H Wulansari ◽  
B Suyudi
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Land Acquisition ◽  
Dam Construction ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
The People ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Dams are agricultural infrastructure that has very important role in supporting food security. Dams constructions indirectly show a change in resources from land resources (terrestrial) to water resources (aquatic). This study aims to analyze the impact of land acquisitions as a consequence of accelerating agricultural infrastructure development policy in East Java Province. This research was conducted using a multiple case study approach. Data were collected qualitatively through documents study, observation, and in-depth interview. There are three cases of land acquisition for dam construction comparing in this study: Semanthok Dam in Nganjuk District, Bagong Dam in Trenggalek District, and Bendo Dam in Ponorogo District. The result shows that land acquisition for dam construction was not immediately responded well. Conflicts usually begin from the value of compensation that is not in accordance to the community expectation. The land acquisition process for the dams has not included a livelihood plan for the people who are relocated from their village of origin. In fact, the dam construction necessitates a shift from the affected communities who originally used land resources eventually turned into water resources due to the dam constructions. A comprehensive impact analysis mapping has not been found covering: the community upstream dam, the community around dam and the community downstream of the dam.

scholarly journals DAMPAK PEMEKARAN DESA TERHADAP INFRASTRUKTUR DESA PAKUURE DUA KECAMATAN TENGA KABUPATEN MINAHASA SELATAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 231
Author(s):  
Grace A. A. G. Panambunan ◽  
Paulus A. Pangemanan ◽  
Benny A. B. Sagay
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Economic Gain ◽  
The People ◽  
Asphalt Road ◽  
The Impact

This study aims to determine the impact of the expansion of Pakuure Dua village on village infrastructure. The study was conducted from October to December 2017 Determination of the number of samples taken purposively (Purposive Sampling) The research method using descriptive analysis with informants of the local community along with village tools that will be presented in tabular form. The resulting data was analyzed using Likert scale. The result of the research concludes that the expansion of Pakuure Dua village has a positive impact on the acceleration of infrastructure development. This can be proved by the repair of roads in each aisle that used to be potholes built into asphalt road, concrete rebound road, hotmix asphalt road. The construction of the bridge between the hallway to the school and the field, the construction of the school building felt by the community is very good. With equitable road construction, ease of communication between community and government is also equitable, smooth communication and transportation activities also make a very good economic gain for the people of Pakuure Dua village.

Assessing the impact of infrastructure on the social and economic development of Russian regions

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 792-809
Author(s):  
Al'bert G. MNATSAKANYAN ◽  
Sedrak SARGSYAN
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Regional Product ◽  
Development Objectives ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Determinants Of Economic Growth

Subject. We present the analysis of theoretical and practical aspects of the impact of infrastructure on socio-economic development. Objectives. The aim of the study is to review theoretical and empirical aspects of relationship between the condition of infrastructure and the socio-economic development of the Russian Federation. Methods. The study draws on comparative and logical analysis of theoretical foundations and conclusions published in scientific sources, as well as methods of mathematical and statistical analysis. Results. The statistical measurement of relationship between the condition of infrastructure and the determinants of economic growth yielded results that run counter to the findings in academic literature. While we reveal a significant positive correlation between the level of transport and energy infrastructure development with the gross regional product per capita, the variables that characterize the state of telecommunications and social infrastructure have little or no connection with this indicator of the Russian regions’ development. Conclusions. Several variables are not enough to assess the impact of infrastructure on socio-economic development. For this reason, the model of infrastructure impact assessment requires further improvement.

scholarly journals The Impact of Toll Road Infrastructure Development Policy in Cipali for Social Economic Changes in The Majalengka District

2021 ◽  
pp. 288
Author(s):  
Entang Adhy Muhtar ◽  
Darto Miradhia ◽  
Rd. Ahmad Buchari ◽  
Riki Satia Muharam
Keyword(s):  
Development Policy ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Road Infrastructure ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Toll Road ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Road Development ◽  
The Impact

The toll road development policy of Cikopo-Palimanan tends to have an impact on changes in the social and economic conditions of the people targeted and outside the development target. On the other hand, the impact on the economy includes how employment patterns, business growth, and investment. Therefore in this study it is important to analyze How the Impact and Strategy of the Infrastructure development of the Cipali toll road generated in Majalengka District. The research method used was descriptive qualitative method with the determination of informants. The results of the study are that the impact of toll road infrastructure development on socio-economic changes, especially in mapping in Majalengka Regency with 3 research locations, in general, the changes lead to positive changes, this can be seen from economic growth above 6% per year, the industrial sector and investment are growing very rapidly, there is stretching of the economy, especially the informal sector which is increasingly dynamic. However, it is recognized that in some sectors of infrastructure development it does not necessarily mean that the community will immediately feel the benefits.

scholarly journals TYPOLOGY OF RURAL TERRITORIES BY LEVEL OF ENGINEERING INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT

2020 ◽  
pp. 69-78
Author(s):  
S.A. Popova ◽  
◽  
E.E. Smotrova ◽  
E.A. Kolpakova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Composite Index ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
The Impact

The relevance of the study is that the poor quality and fragmentary engineering arrangement of rural settlements negatively affects the demographics of rural areas. The aim of the study is to develop a comprehensive methodology for assessing the impact of the state of engineering infrastructure of rural settlements on the demography of rural territories, which is an integral indicator of the proposed rural population density. The paper proposes a method for a comprehensive assessment of rural areas by the level of development of engineering infrastructure. The composite index of rural engineering infrastructure development aggregates seven private statistical indicators calculated for each region of Russia in 2018 and normalized using the linear scaling method. The main difference between the author’s method and the previously conducted research is the combination of the results of ranking Russian regions by the level of development of engineering infrastructure in rural areas with grouping by the density of the rural population. The novelty of the proposed approach is associated with the formation of two-dimensional groupings of rural areas, where population density is regarded as the primary grouping characteristics, and the level of development of engineering infrastructure as a secondary grouping characteristic that gave the possibility to evaluate the correlation between the level of development of social and engineering infrastructure of rural territories and their people. The results of the correlation analysis indicate a moderate relationship between the density of the rural population and the level of development of engineering infrastructure in rural areas. In practical terms, the typology formed serves as an objective basis for identifying and comparing growth points and priorities for sustainable spatial development of rural territories in the future, which creates prerequisites for the unification of state approaches to strategic planning and management of socio-economic development of rural territories of the Russian Federation and regions. The directions of further research are related to the development of the proposed approach in terms of comprehensive coverage of other components of socio-economic development of rural areas (demography, economy, agriculture, social infrastructure) for a more complete assessment of their impact on the rural population density.

scholarly journals Foreign Direct Investment and Extractive Institutions

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 36-49
Author(s):  
Jack Bowness
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
The People ◽  
Resource Sector ◽  
The Impact

There is a significant debate underway regarding the risks and rewards of foreign direct investment (FDI) for countries in the Global South. These discussions are particularly relevant to the people of Latin America, where the use of inward FDI as a mechanism to support economic development has had dramatic results, both positive and negative. One of the key works in the study of FDI is Robert I. Rotberg’s argument that FDI is critical to support the development of weak states; however, the applicability of this theory faces difficulty in the context of Latin America, where middle-income countries have extractive institutions (Rotberg, 2002). I use the cases of Mexico and Peru to demonstrate that for middle-income countries, extractive institutions can hamper the rewards of FDI and even exacerbate development problems or create new ones. In this regard, the sector of FDI will determine the nature of the impact. In states with extractive institutions, FDI in the natural resource sector is prone to stimulating social conflict. In states with extractive institutions, FDI in the manufacturing sector begets a situation of stagnated development, as the jobs that are introduced are of poor quality and low wages.

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