The Marketing Concept and Economic Development: Peru

1968 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 533-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
William P. Glade ◽  
Jon G. Udell
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Institutional Performance ◽  
Investment Funds ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Policy Alternatives ◽  
Domestic Capital ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Exogenous Factors

In the literature of development, it is recognized that the possibilities for national economic growth are strongly conditioned by prevailing institutional patterns. Exogenous factors, such as international market trends, the supply of foreign investment funds, and terms of trade, define outer constraints on the growth of many less developed countries; but within these boundaries, the realizable growth depends on endogenously set parameters that influence public policy alternatives, the level and direction of domestic capital formation, and the scope and rapidity of structural economic changes. It is in this latter area that the study of institutional performance becomes relevant.To date, the focus of institutional analysis has been on a variety of social organizations that influence the economic process at one point or another, e.g., trade unions, political parties, financial intermediaries, land tenure systems, and government agencies.

Role of The Halal Industry in Recovering the National Economy in Covid-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-214
Author(s):  
Cucu Susilawati
Keyword(s):  
National Economy ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Online News ◽  
Financial Industry ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Halal Food ◽  
Vigorous Growth ◽  
Business Sectors

The outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia is attacking not only public health but also the economy. The presence of Covid-19 has many important impacts on developed countries. There are at least four industries most impacted by this pandemic, including households, MSMEs, companies and the financial industry. However, the halal industry is believed to be more resilient to the Covid-19 pandemic. This durability is because of the principles attributed to the halal sector, namely the importance of fairness, balance and openness. The author’s goal is therefore to carry out more in-depth research on the role of the halal industry in supporting the national economy, which is under pressure because of the COVID-19 pandemic. This type of study is a literature review with a material analysis approach that explores the conditions of the halal industry in Indonesia in depth. The material received is as books, published information, and online news. The findings of this study reveal that there are three halal business sectors that are believed to be more vulnerable to the Covid-19 pandemic in order to facilitate national economic recovery. Halal finance, halal food and halal fashion industries are among them. Halal finance from both the banking sector and the Islamic stock market has proved to be more robust than the mainstream financial sector. Besides guaranteed halal food, its wellbeing is also guaranteed, and halal fashion is now on the rise as Muslim fashion is increasingly innovative and global. We believe the three of them to have experienced vigorous growth, and also to continue to draw customers. And also after the Covid-19 pandemic, these three sectors could survive. Thus the halal industry also contributes to Indonesian economy.

Study on International References of High-End Equipment Manufacture Industry

2013 ◽  
Vol 584 ◽  
pp. 293-297
Author(s):  
En Hua Gong
Keyword(s):  
Developed Countries ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
Tax Policies ◽  
Talented People ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Manufacture Industry ◽  
New Type ◽  
Equipment Manufacture ◽  
Economic Developments

Strategic emerging industry development has important relations with national economic security and strategic changing. One of the most important national economic developments is training and developing strategic emerging industry. Tax revenue is very important to developing emerging industry, which cant be replaced by other measures. But, the emerging industry is obstructed by the national current tax policies. And some tax policies which used to encourage emerging industry also have shortages. In this paper, we have summarized developed countries tax policies which used to encourage strategic new-type industry efficiently. On the basis of analysis, we have concluded some proposals about constructing our countrys strategic new-type industry tax policies. And all the proposals are focused on such aspects as homegrown innovation, training market and absorbing talented people.

The perfect storm of personal consumption

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-50
Author(s):  
L. M. Grigoryev ◽  
Z. S. Elkina ◽  
P. A. Mednikova ◽  
D. A. Serova ◽  
M. F. Starodubtseva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stock Prices ◽  
Durable Goods ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Service Industries ◽  
Investment Funds ◽  
Fiscal Incentives ◽  
Personal Consumption ◽  
Service Sectors ◽  
Real Estate Prices ◽  
Almost All

The COVID-19 pandemic forced the governments of almost all countries to introduce lockdowns in 2020, which sharply reduced the supply in a number of large service sectors: transport, recreation, catering, tourism. The recession began without a crisis, and the unique supply of cheap money and fiscal incentives prevented the development of a “liquidity crunch”. On the contrary, it led to an increase in stock prices, real estate prices, and a reduction in bankruptcies. There was no drop in the value of pension and investment funds. The working population has faced a reduction in employment in labor-intensive service industries, a violation of traditional lifestyle models. The course of the recession in these conditions has changed the structure of personal consumption in developed countries, with its severe adaptation in medium-developed and less developed countries. The pandemic and the recession have caused an uneven compression of activity and consumption across social strata that leads to an increase in social disparities on exiting the recession. The drivers of the demand-side recovery in developed countries are the growth of investments in housing and durable goods, and developing countries are gradually restoring normal consumption of non-durable goods and exports.

scholarly journals LOBBYING IN THE SYSTEM OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC PRIORITIES OF UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
pp. 53-69
Author(s):  
Olena GOLOVNYA
Keyword(s):  
Regional Integration ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Business And Society ◽  
Electoral Campaigns ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Government

The article is devoted to the research of lobbying activities as an important component of the process of forming the state policy of socio-economic development. The author emphasizes that the Ukrainian economy has a high dependence on the external environment, as well as high sensitivity to global economic fluctuations. In turn, the openness of the country's economy is a significant factor in its involvement in modern value chains, global and regional integration. It is determined that securing a full-fledged public-private partnership in the modern world requires lobbying as a deliberate influence on the public by the authorities in order to make a number of economic decisions. The study found that the structure of the phenomenon of "lobbying" includes three main components: object, subject, technology. Thus, lobbying in the modern world appears to be a complex process of purposeful influence on the government in order to obtain the desired solution. The purpose of lobbying structures activities is often a series of decisions, in which the adoption of laws concerning economic activity and investment, innovation, and customs policies is of great importance. It is revealed that lobbying requires an extensive network of institutions and organizations - from trade unions and business owners to the media and civil society organizations. Significant influence on the advancement of national socio-economic priorities is exercised by consulting firms, mass media, non-state think tanks, various industry associations. Lobbying in developed countries is a tool for cooperation and communication that leads to progressive decisions that are beneficial to both business and society. This confirms the progressive experience of the USA and the EU. The study draws attention to the fact that Ukraine mainly practices shadow lobbying, since the activities of domestic lobbyists are not regulated by any legislative acts. This is explained by the fact that our business and political leaders benefit from such interaction when large financial and industry groups sponsor, large decision-makers and expensive electoral campaigns.

scholarly journals Directionality of Education – Balanced Education and Integration of Educational Systems in the National Economy

Equilibrium ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-113
Author(s):  
Wiktor Morohin ◽  
Aleksandrs Rubanovskis
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
High Quality ◽  
National Economic ◽  
The World ◽  
National Economic Development

The quality of the workforce is a precondition for economic growth of a society. One of the main indicators of these preconditions is education. The effectiveness of economies of developed countries is based on the high quality of knowledge. As a resutl the quality and balanced education determines the rating of a state in the world and serves as a driving force of national economic development. The aim of the article is to identify opportunities that will allow integrating the balanced education in the educational systems of the national economy.

Land governance and gender: the tenure-gender nexus in land management and land policy

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Land Management ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Land Policy ◽  
Structural Inequality ◽  
Reverse Migration ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Management Approaches ◽  
And Gender

Abstract This book delivers new conceptual and empirical studies surrounding the design and evaluation of land governance, focusing on land management approaches, land policy issues, advances in pro-poor land tenure and land-based gender concerns. It explores alternative approaches for land management and land tenure through international experiences. Themes include Islamic tenure, reverse migration, matriarchy/matrilineal systems, structural inequality, tenure-responsive planning, land-related instabilities and COVID-19, urban-rural land concerns, women's tenure bargaining, tenure-gender nexus concerns in developing and developed countries.

Sull'irrilevanza della teoria: l'analisi del salario in Italia, 1890-1900

2009 ◽  
pp. 37-63
Author(s):  
Roberto Romani
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Public Debate ◽  
Wage Level ◽  
The Public ◽  
Historical School ◽  
Political Situation

- The essay deals with the Italian economists' debate on wages at the time of the advent of trade unions. This new fact altered the wage level and prompted Italian economists' to reconsider the principles and circumstances shaping wages. It is argued that abstract economic theory such as Pareto's and Pantaleoni's exerted little influence over the ongoing public debate. Yet economists of less abstract leanings that is, inspired by Marshall or Schmöller rather than Walras played a crucial role by disseminating among the public the ideas and experiences current in more developed countries and in Britain in particular. As usual in second comer countries, economists came to embody ‘modernity', although the relatively backward social and political situation of Italy made imitation impossible in practice (e.g. paying the high wages recommended by Brassey, Brentano, and others). JEL classification: B13, B15, J58. Keywords: wage; trade unions; Pareto; historical school.

ICT and Distance Learning for Agricultural Extension in Low Income Countries

2008 ◽  
pp. 1554-1560
Author(s):  
Colin R. Latchem ◽  
Ajit Maru
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Land Reforms ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Value Add

About 2 billion people in low-income countries are dependent upon smallholding farming for their livelihoods. These are among the world’s poorest people. Most of them lack land tenure and farm in regions with limited land and water resources. Many must cope with drought, desertification, and environmental damage caused by failed land reforms, large-scale monocropping, overgrazing, logging, destroyed watersheds, and the encroachment of new pests and diseases. They use only the most primitive of tools and they lack the knowledge and skills to improve their farming methods, value-add their produce, and compete in national and global markets. Many of these smallholder communities have been devastated by HIV/AIDS. In some regions of sub-Saharan Africa, food production has dropped by 40%, and it is estimated that over the next 20 years, 26% of the agricultural labour force will be lost to this pandemic. And demographic and economic changes in the low-income nations are increasingly leaving farming in the hands of women, who lack the knowledge and resources to farm efficiently.

Economic Growth, Development Planning and Policy Alternatives in Medan, Indonesia

1987 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas R. Leinbach
Keyword(s):  
Urban Growth ◽  
Population Expansion ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Economic Progress ◽  
Services Delivery ◽  
Policy Alternatives ◽  
Limited Success ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Growth Development ◽  
Development And Management

Rapid urban growth, in spite of some limited success in controlling population expansion, will likely continue over the next two decades in much of the developing world. Growing evidence suggests that this surge of urbanization poses significant problems for urban development and management as well as for national economic progress in general. Despite relatively strong economies and development programmes this trend is quite conspicuous in Southeast Asia where policy concerns about resource allocation, informal sector development, fiscal capacity and urban services delivery have emerged.

The Greek “Society for the Freedoms of Trade” (1865–67): Rise, Activities, Decline

2005 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-398
Author(s):  
Michalis Psalidopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Free Trade ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Commercial Policy ◽  
Greek Society ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Policy Agendas ◽  
National Economic Policy

The 150th celebration of the repeal of the Corn Laws in 1846 was a major stimulus for new publications on the issue of free trade versus protection, a question that dominated economic policy agendas all over Europe in the nineteenth century. Original texts dating from that period were again made public (Kadish 1996, Schonhardt-Bailey 1997), the works of Richard Cobden became available (Cain 1995), and Douglas A. Irwin's book (1996) and Anthony Howe's treatise (1997) can be seen as the “cosmopolitan” answers to older (Semmel 1970) and contemporary (Magnusson 1994 and Wendler 1996) defenses of a “national” economic policy. This literature, however, as well as conferences on the reception of free trade (Marrison 1998), concentrated on the commercial policy of the most economically advanced nations, leaving completely out of scope discussions, debates and economic policy dilemmas related to international trade in other, less-developed countries.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document