Demonstration of Mycoplasma gallisepticum in Tracheas of Healthy Carrier Chickens by Fluorescent-Antibody Procedure and the Significance of Certain Serologic Tests in Estimating Antibody Response

1984 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 574 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Benčina ◽  
D. Dorrer ◽  
D. Bencina
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Mycoplasma Gallisepticum ◽  
Serologic Tests ◽  
Healthy Carrier

Interpretation of Serologic Tests for Mycoplasma gallisepticum

1973 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. E. Adler ◽  
A. D. Wiggins
Keyword(s):  
Mycoplasma Gallisepticum ◽  
Serologic Tests

scholarly journals GapA+ Mycoplasma gallisepticum ts-11 has improved vaccine characteristics

Microbiology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 157 (6) ◽  
pp. 1740-1749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pollob K. Shil ◽  
Anna Kanci ◽  
Glenn F. Browning ◽  
Marc S. Marenda ◽  
Amir H. Noormohammadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Vaccine Candidate ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Mycoplasma Gallisepticum ◽  
Specific Pathogen Free ◽  
Live Attenuated Vaccine ◽  
Live Attenuated Vaccines ◽  
Specific Pathogen ◽  
Dose Dependent

Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) is an important poultry pathogen that causes respiratory disease and loss of production worldwide, and is currently controlled with live attenuated vaccines. These vaccines have limitations as they vary in their pathogenicity, the protection afforded and their transmissibility, but have been shown to effectively reduce losses associated with challenge in the field. A live attenuated vaccine, ts-11, has been used for the control of M. gallisepticum in several countries. This vaccine is highly dose-dependent and the flock antibody response is weak. GapA is the primary cytadherence molecule in M. gallisepticum, and the absence of GapA expression has been observed in the vast majority of cells in the ts-11 vaccine strain. In this study the immunogenicity of a GapA+ M. gallisepticum ts-11 vaccine was investigated in specific-pathogen-free chickens. Birds vaccinated with GapA+ M. gallisepticum ts-11 were protected against clinical signs of disease following challenge with virulent M. gallisepticum, and GapA+ M. gallisepticum ts-11 was shown to be non-pathogenic and more immunogenic at a lower dose than the currently available M. gallisepticum ts-11 vaccine. Thus, GapA+ M. gallisepticum ts-11 appears to have improved potential as a vaccine candidate.

scholarly journals STUDIES ON ANTIBODY PRODUCTION

1964 ◽  
Vol 119 (4) ◽  
pp. 685-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans-Jobst Wellensiek ◽  
Albert H. Coons
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Secondary Response ◽  
Phagocytic Cells ◽  
Physical Presence ◽  
Primary Antibody Response ◽  
Test Cells ◽  
Blue Reaction ◽  
Medullary Cords

The physical presence of the antigen used to stimulate a secondary antibody response was demonstrated in the cells of popliteal lymph nodes. Rabbits previously injected with apoferritin (containing no iron), which was prepared from recrystallized horse ferritin, were given an injection of ferritin 5 weeks later. The antigen was traced by means of the Prussian blue reaction, by specific fluorescent antibody, and by electron microscopy. Antiferritin antibody was localized by immunofluorescence, though it was not possible to test cells simultaneously for antigen and antibody. Horse ferritin induces a rather weak primary antibody response, but a brisk secondary response characterized by the appearance in the medullary cords of numerous plasma cells containing antiferritin. Many intact ferritin molecules were found in the nucleus and cytoplasm of numerous reticular and other phagocytic cells in the sinuses. In decreasing amount, ferritin molecules were also clearly demonstrated in hemacytoblasts (plasmoblasts), and immature and mature plasmocytes.

scholarly journals Vaccination of pigs with Toxoplasma gondii antigens incorporated in immunostimulating complexes (iscoms)

2003 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 388-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.L. Freire ◽  
I.T. Navarro ◽  
A.P.F.R.L. Bracarense ◽  
S.M. Gennari
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Immunostimulating Complexes

Immunity to Toxoplasma gondii was studied in pigs, after vaccination with T. gondii antigens incorporated into immunostimulating complexes. Nine pigs (group 1 - G1) were inoculated subcutaneously with T. gondii iscoms (LIV-5 sample) and three doses were given at 21 and 13 day-intervals. The results were compared in other three groups of nine pigs each: animals in group 2 (G2) were immunized with the LIV-5 antigens without Quil A, animals in group 3 (G3) were inoculated with tachyzoites of RH T. gondii isolate, and animals in group 4 (G4) received no vaccination. Four animals were neither vaccinated nor challenged with T. gondii (group 5 - G5). Thirty days after vaccination, pigs were challenged orally with 5´10(4) oocysts at AS-28 T. gondii isolate. Euthanasia was carried out 47 days after challenge and specimens of the heart, muscle, brain, liver, tongue and retina were inoculated into mice. Three out of nine pigs from G2 and one out of nine pigs from G4 showed hypertermia after the challenge. Antibody response was analysed by indirect fluorescent antibody test. The first iscom immunization (G1) induced low antibody levels, the second and third produced high antibody levels, similarly to the RH isolate infection (G3). Western blotting analysis indicated that the antibody response in animals in G1, after challenge, was more intense than in animals in the non-vaccinated group. T. gondii was not isolated by bioassays from tissues of iscom vaccinated pigs, while recovery was obtained from four animals in G4, one in G2 and one in G3.

scholarly journals Comparison of antibody titres between intradermal and intramuscular rabies vaccination using inactivated vaccine in cattle in Bhutan.

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karma Wangmo ◽  
Richard Laven ◽  
Florence Cliquet ◽  
Marine Wasniewski ◽  
Aaron Yang
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Rabies Vaccine ◽  
Intradermal Vaccination ◽  
Intramuscular Dose ◽  
Antibody Titres ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Antigen Presenting ◽  
Rabies Vaccination

In developing countries, the cost of vaccination limits the use of prophylactic rabies vaccination, especially in cattle. Intradermal vaccination delivers antigen directly to an area with higher number of antigen-presenting cells. Therefore, it could produce equivalent or higher antibody titres than conventional intramuscular vaccination even when a lower dose is given. This study aimed to compare the antibody response in cattle vaccinated intramuscularly with 1mL of inactivated rabies vaccine (Raksharab, Indian Immunologicals) against intradermally vaccinated cattle with 0.2mL of the same vaccine. The study was conducted in Haa province of Bhutan where rabies is not endemic. One hundred cattle from 27 farms were selected for the study. Virus neutralising antibody (VNA) response was measured using the fluorescent antibody virus neutralisation test on the day of vaccination (day 0) and 14, 30, 60 and 90 days later. Overall, 71% of intradermally vaccinated cattle and 89% of the intramuscularly vaccinated cattle produced a protective response (≥0.5IU/mL). This difference was significant (P<0.02) on days 14 and 30 post vaccination with 36 and 58% in the intradermal group having titres ≥0.5 IU/mL respectively compared to the equivalent figures of 78 and 77% in the intramuscular group. The mean VNA titres were lower for intradermal group than intramuscular group (p<0.001) with the mean difference being greater than 0.6 IU/mL. Although low dose intradermal vaccination did produce a detectable antibody response, it was inferior to intramuscular vaccination. Thus, although intradermal vaccination has the potential to reduce the cost of vaccination by reducing the dose required, this study showed that a single dose of 0.2mL intradermally was inferior to an intramuscular dose of 1mL. Further research evaluating dose and dose regimen is needed before intradermal vaccination using the Raksharab rabies vaccine can be recommended in cattle.

Antibody response to Rocky Mountain spotted fever

1976 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 513-518
Author(s):  
R H Kenyon ◽  
P G Canonico ◽  
L S Sammons ◽  
L R Bagley ◽  
C E Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Complement Fixation ◽  
Spotted Fever ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Rocky Mountain ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody Technique ◽  
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever ◽  
Antibody Technique ◽  
Sensitive Method

Various techniques were compared to determine the most sensitive method for detection of rocky Mountain spotted fever antibody. A radiometabolic technique for detection of Rocky Mountain spotted fever antibody is also described. In infected monkeys, the fluorescent antibody technique yielded the earliest evidence of seroconversion; with some monkeys the microagglutination procedure was equally effective. The fluorescent antibody and microagglutination measurements showed higher titers than those for complement fixation, Weil-Felix, or the radiometabolic techniques.

The interactionin vitrobetween bovine immunoglobulin and juvenileFasciola hepatica

Parasitology ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. P. H. Duffus ◽  
D. Franks
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Indirect Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Double Infection ◽  
Antibody Assay ◽  
Fab Fragments ◽  
Specific Igg ◽  
Bovine Immunoglobulin

SUMMARYFreshly excystedFasciola hepaticapossess an outer glycocalyx which stimulates an antibody response in cattle infected withF. hepaticametacercariae. Sera from animals receiving either a single or a double infection were examined for levels of IgM, IgG1and IgG2specific for the outer glycocalyx of intact live juvenileF. hepatica. High levels of specific IgG1were found to predominate. Using positive sera in an indirect fluorescent antibody assay, the bovine immunoglobulins labelled the outer glycocalyx in a characteristic reticulated pattern. On incubation at 37 °C this pattern rapidly broke up into discrete clumps and progressed until the entire antibody–outer glycocalyx complex was shed. The shedding phenomenon was shown to be continuous and, by using preparations of Fab fragments, was not due to the bivalent binding of the sensitizing antibody.

scholarly journals Comparison between available serologic tests for detecting antibodies againstAnaplasma phagocytophilumandBorrelia burgdorferiin horses in Canada

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 540-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gili Schvartz ◽  
Tasha Epp ◽  
Hilary J. Burgess ◽  
Neil B. Chilton ◽  
Katharina L. Lohmann
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Care ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Pairwise Comparison ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Multiplex Assay ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Serologic Tests

To investigate the agreement between available serologic tests for the detection of antibodies against Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Borrelia burgdorferi, 50 serum samples from horses of unknown clinical status and at low risk for infection were tested. In addition to a point-of-care enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (pocELISA), the evaluated tests included 2 indirect fluorescent antibody tests (IFATs) for antibodies against A. phagocytophilum and an IFAT, an ELISA confirmed with Western blot, and the Lyme multiplex assay for antibodies against B. burgdorferi. For each pair-wise comparison between serologic tests, the difference in the proportion of seropositive results as well as kappa and the prevalence-adjusted, bias-adjusted kappa were calculated. The proportion of seropositive results differed significantly in each pairwise comparison of tests for detection of antibodies against A. phagocytophilum, and between the pocELISA and IFAT as well as between the pocELISA and Lyme multiplex assay for detection of antibodies against B. burgdorferi. Agreement based on kappa varied from poor to fair while agreement was improved when evaluating prevalence-adjusted, bias-adjusted kappa. Lack of agreement may be explained by differences in methodology between the evaluated tests, cross-reactivity or false-positive and false-negative tests. In addition to the limitations of serologic test interpretation in the absence of clinical disease, this data suggest that screening of horses for exposure to tick-borne diseases in nonendemic areas may not be warranted.

Comparison of Culture, PCR, and Different Serologic Tests for Detection of Mycoplasma gallisepticum and Mycoplasma synoviae Infections

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 260-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Feberwee ◽  
D. R. Mekkes ◽  
J. J. de Wit ◽  
E. G. Hartman ◽  
A. Pijpers
Keyword(s):  
Mycoplasma Gallisepticum ◽  
Mycoplasma Synoviae ◽  
Serologic Tests
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