Development and Use of a Microagglutination Test to Detect Antibodies to Alcaligenes faecalis in Turkeys

1980 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 685 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Jackwood ◽  
Y. M. Saif
Keyword(s):  
Alcaligenes Faecalis ◽  
Microagglutination Test

Nomenclature Abstract for Alcaligenes faecalis faecalis Castellani and Chalmers 1919 (Approved Lists 1980).

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Thomas Parker ◽  
Nicole Danielle Osier ◽  
George M Garrity ◽  
Dorothea Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Alcaligenes Faecalis

scholarly journals Biological Effects of β-Glucans on Osteoclastogenesis

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 1982
Author(s):  
Wataru Ariyoshi ◽  
Shiika Hara ◽  
Ayaka Koga ◽  
Yoshie Nagai-Yoshioka ◽  
Ryota Yamasaki
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Osteoclast Differentiation ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Alcaligenes Faecalis ◽  
Osteoclast Formation ◽  
Osteoclast Precursors

Although the anti-tumor and anti-infective properties of β-glucans have been well-discussed, their role in bone metabolism has not been reviewed so far. This review discusses the biological effects of β-glucans on bone metabolisms, especially on bone-resorbing osteoclasts, which are differentiated from hematopoietic precursors. Multiple immunoreceptors that can recognize β-glucans were reported to be expressed in osteoclast precursors. Coordinated co-stimulatory signals mediated by these immunoreceptors are important for the regulation of osteoclastogenesis and bone remodeling. Curdlan from the bacterium Alcaligenes faecalis negatively regulates osteoclast differentiation in vitro by affecting both the osteoclast precursors and osteoclast-supporting cells. We also showed that laminarin, lichenan, and glucan from baker’s yeast, as well as β-1,3-glucan from Euglema gracilisas, inhibit the osteoclast formation in bone marrow cells. Consistent with these findings, systemic and local administration of β-glucan derived from Aureobasidium pullulans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae suppressed bone resorption in vivo. However, zymosan derived from S. cerevisiae stimulated the bone resorption activity and is widely used to induce arthritis in animal models. Additional research concerning the relationship between the molecular structure of β-glucan and its effect on osteoclastic bone resorption will be beneficial for the development of novel treatment strategies for bone-related diseases.

scholarly journals Characterization of symbiotic and associated bacteria from entomopathogenic nematode Heterorhabditis sp. (nematode: Heterorhabditidae) isolated from India

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashid Pervez ◽  
Showkat Ahmad Lone ◽  
Sasmita Pattnaik
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematode ◽  
Alcaligenes Faecalis ◽  
Symbiotic Bacteria ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Associated Bacteria ◽  
Molecular Approaches

Abstract Background Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) harboring symbiotic bacteria are one of the safest alternatives to the chemical insecticides for the control of various insect pests. Infective juveniles of EPNs locate a target insect, enter through the openings, and reach the hemocoel, where they release the symbiotic bacteria and the target gets killed by the virulence factors of the bacteria. Photorhabdus with Heterorhabditis spp. are well documented; little is known about the associated bacteria. Main body In this study, we explored the presence of symbiotic and associated bacteria from Heterorhabditis sp. (IISR-EPN 09) and characterized by phenotypic, biochemical, and molecular approaches. Six bacterial isolates, belonging to four different genera, were recovered and identified as follows: Photorhabdus luminescens, one each strain of Providencia vermicola, Pseudomonas entomophila, Alcaligenes aquatilis, and two strains of Alcaligenes faecalis based on the phenotypic, biochemical criteria and the sequencing of 16S rRNA gene. Conclusion P. luminescens is symbiotically associated with Heterorhabditis sp. (IISR-EPN 09), whereas P. vermicola, P. entomophila, A. aquatilis, and A. faecalis are the associated bacteria. Further studies are needed to determine the exact role of the bacterial associates with the Heterorhabditis sp.

scholarly journals Partial purification and biochemical characterization of a new highly acidic NYSO laccase from Alcaligenes faecalis

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soad A. Abdelgalil ◽  
Ahmad R. Attia ◽  
Reyed M. Reyed ◽  
Nadia A. Soliman
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Alcaligenes Faecalis ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Sodium Oxalate ◽  
Partial Purification ◽  
Bromophenol Blue ◽  
Bromocresol Purple ◽  
Laccase Enzyme

Abstract Background Due to the multitude industrial applications of ligninolytic enzymes, their demands are increasing. Partial purification and intensive characterization of contemporary highly acidic laccase enzyme produced by an Egyptian local isolate designated Alcaligenes faecalis NYSO were studied in the present investigation. Results Alcaligenes faecalis NYSO laccase has been partially purified and intensively biochemically characterized. It was noticed that 40–60% ammonium sulfate saturation showed maximum activity. A protein band with an apparent molecular mass of ~ 50 kDa related to NYSO laccase was identified through SDS-PAGE and zymography. The partially purified enzyme exhibited maximum activity at 55 °C and pH suboptimal (2.5–5.0). Remarkable activation for enzyme activity was recognized after 10-min exposure to temperatures (T) 50, 60, and 70 °C; time elongation caused inactivation, where ~ 50% of activity was lost after a 7-h exposure to 60 °C. Some metal ions Cu2+, Zn2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Mn2+, Cd2+, Cr2+, and Mg2+ caused strong stimulation for enzyme activity, but Fe2+ and Hg2+ reduced the activity. One millimolar of chelating agents [ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), sodium citrate, and sodium oxalate] caused strong activation for enzyme activity. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), cysteine-HCl, dithiothreitol (DTT), β-mercaptoethanol, thioglycolic acid, and sodium azide caused strong inhibition for NYSO laccase activity even at low concentration. One millimolar of urea, imidazole, kojic acid, phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF), H2O2, and Triton X-100 caused activation. The partially purified NYSO laccase had decolorization activity towards different dyes such as congo red, crystal violet, methylene blue, fast green, basic fuchsin, bromophenol blue, malachite green, bromocresol purple eriochrome black T, and Coomassie Brilliant Blue R-250 with various degree of degradation. Also, it had a vast range of substrate specificity including lignin, but with high affinity towards p-anisidine. Conclusion The promising properties of the newly studied laccase enzyme from Alcaligenes faecalis NYSO strain would support several industries such as textile, food, and paper and open the possibility for commercial use in water treatment. It will also open the door to new applications due to its ligninolytic properties in the near future.

scholarly journals Alkaline phosphatase activity of a phosphate solubilizing Alcaligenes faecalis , isolated from Mangrove soil

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bikash Chandra Behera ◽  
Himendra Yadav ◽  
Santosh Kumar Singh ◽  
Bijay Kumar Sethi ◽  
Rashmi Ranjan Mishra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Alcaligenes Faecalis ◽  
Mangrove Soil ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing
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