Simulation of Alpine Soil Temperature Conditions

1976 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 251 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. G. Spomer
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Temperature Conditions ◽  
Alpine Soil

Root cold hardiness and native distribution of subalpine conifers

1992 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 932-938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark D. Coleman ◽  
Thomas M. Hinckley ◽  
Geoffrey McNaughton ◽  
Barbara A. Smit
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Constant Temperature ◽  
Species Distribution ◽  
Electrolyte Leakage ◽  
Cold Hardiness ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Conifer Species ◽  
Temperature Conditions

Root and needle cold hardiness were compared in seedlings of subalpine conifers to determine if differences existed among species originating from either cold continental climates or mild maritime climates. Abiesamabilis (Dougl.) Carr. and Tsugamertensiana (Bong.) Carr. are exclusively distributed in maritime environments, while Abieslasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt. and Pinuscontorta Dougl. are more generally distributed in both continental and maritime environments. Because of the differing winter soil conditions of these two climatic types, special emphasis was placed on root cold hardiness. Cold hardiness for root samples, as measured by a decrease in the electrolyte leakage, was much greater for A. amabilis and A. lasiocarpa than for P. contorta and T. mertensiana (−11.4, −11.5, −7.5, and −7.5 °C, respectively). Thus, subalpine conifer species distribution was not found to be influenced by root cold hardiness. Root cold hardiness of field-grown seedlings paralleled changes in soil temperature through February. Under constant temperature conditions (3 °C) the maximum cold hardiness achieved in 6 weeks was not subsequently maintained in A. amabilis and A. lasiocarpa. Injury in unhardened roots was coincident with bulk freezing, whereas hardened roots were able to tolerate bulk freezing. Needles had more than three times the level of cold hardiness of roots when measured in December, All species except P. contorta reached needle cold hardiness levels below −40 °C.

Alpine Soil Temperature Variability at Multiple Scales

2010 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk Wundram ◽  
Roland Pape ◽  
Jörg Löffler
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Temperature Variability ◽  
Alpine Soil

scholarly journals Growth of White Spruce, Picea glauca, Seedlings in Relation to Microenvironmental Conditions in a Forest-Prairie Ecotone of Southwestern Manitoba

2007 ◽  
Vol 121 (2) ◽  
pp. 191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophan Chhin ◽  
G. Geoff Wang
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Populus Tremuloides ◽  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Carbon Allocation ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Tree Canopy ◽  
Morphological Adaptation ◽  
Southern Limit ◽  
Temperature Conditions

The influence of microenvironmental conditions on the growth performance (i.e., diameter and height growth) of White Spruce [Picea glauca (Moench) Voss] seedlings was examined within three contrasting habitats: White Spruce tree islands, open prairies and Trembling Aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) groves. These habitats exist within a disjunct occurrence of White Spruce at its southern limit of distribution in three mixed-grass prairie preserves in the Spruce Woods Provincial Park within the forest-prairie ecotone of southwestern Manitoba. Microenvironmental measurements (i.e., light, temperature, relative humidity, soil moisture) were obtained on 10 sites in each of the three habitats and growth characteristics of 60 White Spruce seedlings were measured in each of three habitats. Higher light and soil temperature conditions occurred within the open prairie. In contrast, lower light and soil temperature conditions occurred under the tree canopy of aspen groves and the northern aspect of spruce islands, which moderated the effect of the dry regional climate. Height growth did not vary significantly among the three habitats. The greater diameter growth and decreased slenderness of White Spruce seedlings in the open versus the shaded habitats appears to be a result of increased photosynthesis at higher light intensity and may also represent a morphological adaptation to withstand the effect of increased wind exposure. The increased slenderness of White Spruce in the shaded habitats appears to be a morphological adaptation of increasing carbon allocation towards height growth and thus maximizing effective competition for light.

THE ROLE OF GRASSLAND IN MANAGEMENT

1968 ◽  
pp. 44-49
Author(s):  
B.K. Cameron
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Average Annual Rainfall ◽  
Very High ◽  
Wilting Point

THE PROPERTY to be discussed is a mixed sheep and cropping unit, situated ei ht a miles east of Ashburton and midway between the Ra aia and the Ashburton rivers. Average annual rainfall is 27 in., evenly spread, but there is very high summer evaporation and therefore frequent droughts. On average, the soil is below wilting point for 40 to 50 days each summer. Winters are cold with the soil temperature being below 48°F for about four months each year. The soil is a Lismore stony silt loam averaging 9 in. in depth over gravel.

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