scholarly journals MORPHOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS AND MICROSPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DATA FROM PHOTORECEPTORS IN THE RETINA OF THE SEA RAVEN, HEMITRIPTERUS AMERICANUS

1984 ◽  
Vol 167 (2) ◽  
pp. 437-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. COLLINS ◽  
E. F. MACNICHOL
Keyword(s):  
Sea Raven ◽  
Hemitripterus Americanus

Heat transfer between fish and ambient water

1976 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. D. Stevens ◽  
A. M. Sutterlin
Keyword(s):  
Body Wall ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
The Body ◽  
Direct Transfer ◽  
Major Fraction ◽  
Metabolic Heat ◽  
Sea Raven ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ventral Aorta ◽  
Hemitripterus Americanus

1. The ability of fish gills to transfer heat was measured by applying a heat pulse to blood in the ventral aorta and measuring it before and after passing through the gills of a teleost, Hemitripterus americanus. 2. 80–90% of heat contained in the blood is lost during passage through the gills. 3. The fraction of heat not lost during passage through the gills is due to direct transfer of heat between the afferent and efferent artery within the gill bar. 4. The major fraction of metabolic heat (70 - 90%) is lost through the body wall and fins of the sea raven in sea water at 5 degrees C; the remainder is lost through the gills.

Function of myoglobin in oxygen consumption by isolated perfused fish hearts

1986 ◽  
Vol 251 (6) ◽  
pp. R1144-R1150 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Bailey ◽  
W. R. Driedzic
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Cardiac Performance ◽  
O2 Consumption ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions ◽  
Sea Raven ◽  
Hemitripterus Americanus ◽  
O2 Binding

Myoglobin, an intracellular O2-binding protein, plays a protective role in maintaining performance of isolated fish hearts under hypoxic conditions. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that the protein contributes to O2 consumption under conditions of increased O2 demand or hypoxia. Isolated myoglobin-rich sea raven (Hemitripterus americanus) hearts and myoglobin-poor ocean pout (Macrozoarces americanus) hearts were perfused under conditions of changing partial pressure of O2 (PO2) and afterload. Sea raven hearts maintained O2 consumption and cardiac performance at low PO2 and high afterload, whereas ocean pout hearts did not. In other cases sea raven and ocean pout hearts were treated with hydroxylamine, which renders myoglobin incapable of binding O2, and subjected to changing PO2 and afterload. Sea raven hearts could not maintain O2 consumption and cardiac performance, whereas hydroxylamine treatment had no effect on O2 consumption in ocean pout hearts under these conditions. These data provide the first evidence to support the concept that myoglobin plays a role in O2 consumption of hearts.

Aerobic and anaerobic contributions to energy metabolism in perfused isolated sea raven (Hemitripterus americanus) hearts

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (8) ◽  
pp. 1880-1883 ◽  
Author(s):  
William R. Driedzic ◽  
Donna L. Scott ◽  
Anthony P. Farrell
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Metabolism ◽  
Lactate Production ◽  
Fish Heart ◽  
Atp Production ◽  
Isolated Hearts ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Sea Raven ◽  
Hemitripterus Americanus ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Experimental Preparation

The relative contribution of aerobic and anaerobic metabolism to ATP production was assessed in sea raven (Hemitripterus americanus) hearts. The problem was approached by measuring the rates of oxygen consumption and lactate production by perfused isolated hearts performing mechanical work. In the experimental preparation aerobic metabolism could account for essentially all of the ATP synthesized; as such, the organization of metabolism in this fish heart appears similar to reptilian and mammalian hearts under conditions of adequate oxygen availability.

scholarly journals GLUCOSE METABOLISM BY SEA RAVEN (HEMITRIPTERUS AMERICANUS) AND RAINBOW TROUT (ONCORHYNCHUS MYKISS) ERYTHROCYTES

1994 ◽  
Vol 194 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Sephton ◽  
W Driedzic
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Glucose Disappearance ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Sea Raven ◽  
Extracellular Glucose ◽  
14Co2 Production ◽  
Hemitripterus Americanus

The fate of extracellular glucose in blood isolated from sea raven (Hemitripterus americanus) and rainbow trout (Onchorhynchus mykiss) was determined. In blood from both species incubated in vitro at low physiological pH, the decrease in plasma glucose concentration was more than adequate to support oxygen consumption. Glucose disappearance could not be accounted for by increases in lactate, red blood cell (RBC) glucose or RBC glycogen concentrations. Rates of 14CO2 production from [6-14C]glucose over a 2 h incubation period were less than 1 % of metabolic rate. Only small amounts of label appeared in RBC protein, lipid or glycogen fractions relative to metabolic rates, but label accumulated in the intracellular acid-soluble fraction (presumably free glucose, glycolytic intermediates, amino acids, citric acid cycle intermediates, etc.) at rates consistent with oxygen consumption and glucose disappearance. The simplest explanation for the mismatch between 14CO2 production and the other estimates of metabolic rate is that incubation times were too short for equilibration to occur. A consequence is that studies of this nature cannot use 14CO2 production to elucidate rates of aerobic fuel utilization. By default, the data imply that glucose serves as a primary aerobic metabolic fuel for the RBCs, at least under some conditions.

Presence of cystine-containing antifreeze proteins in the spruce bud worm, Choristoneura fumiferana

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (10) ◽  
pp. 2324-2328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Choy L. Hew ◽  
Ming Hsiung Kao ◽  
Ying-Peng So ◽  
Kiok-Puan Lim
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Acid Precipitation ◽  
Antifreeze Protein ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Structural Homology ◽  
Sea Raven ◽  
Precipitation Procedure ◽  
Gel Permeation ◽  
Hemitripterus Americanus

Using a trichloroacetic acid precipitation procedure and gel permeation high performance liquid chromatography, we have demonstrated the presence of an antifreeze protein in the second instar larvae of the spruce budworm Choristoneura fumiferana. This protein contained a significant amount of half-cystine and only a modest content of alanine. In a radioimmunoassay, it competed with antisera against a cystine-containing antifreeze protein from sea raven, Hemitripterus americanus, thus indicating their immunological cross-reactivity and possibly, some structural homology.

IDENTIFICATION AND METABOLIC CLEARANCE OF CORTISOL AND CORTISONE IN A MARINE TELEOST, THE SEA RAVEN HEMITRIPTERUS AMERICANUS GMELIN (FAMILY SCORPAENIDAE)

1972 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. OWEN ◽  
D. R. IDLER
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Anhydride ◽  
Metabolic Clearance ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Marine Teleost ◽  
Sea Raven ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hemitripterus Americanus ◽  
Percentage Conversion ◽  
Double Isotope

SUMMARY Cortisol and cortisone were identified and their levels determined in sea raven plasma by a double isotope derivative assay involving acetylation with [1-3H]acetic anhydride, purification by thin-layer and paper chromatography, followed by recrystallization to constant 3H: 14C ratios. The mean level of cortisol in four plasma samples was 7·2±1·0 μg/100 ml (range 4·0–9·2) and the mean level for cortisone in three samples was 1·1 ± 0·2 μg/100 ml (range 0·7–1·5). Metabolic clearance rates (MCR) were determined for both corticosteroids by the method of continuous infusion over an 8-h period. The mean MCR for cortisol in five fish was 126 ± 17 ml/kg/h, and for cortisone 449 ± 48 ml/kg/h in six fish. The mean percentage conversion of [1,2-3H]cortisol to cortisone was 9·4 ± 2·9%. There was no evidence of any significant conversion of cortisone to cortisol.

Regulation of cardiac output and gut blood flow in the sea raven,Hemitripterus americanus

1989 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 315-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Axelsson ◽  
William R. Driedzic ◽  
Anthony P. Farrell ◽  
Stefan Nilsson
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Sea Raven ◽  
Hemitripterus Americanus

scholarly journals Trawl hangs, baby fish, and closed areas: a win–win scenario

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 930-938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason S Link ◽  
Chad Demarest
Keyword(s):  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Juvenile Fish ◽  
Melanogrammus Aeglefinus ◽  
Minimal Distance ◽  
Range Of Movement ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Sea Raven ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Degree Of Association ◽  
Hemitripterus Americanus

Abstract The frequency and geographic distribution of trawlnet hangs from a fishery-independent survey are evaluated. The hangs data were plotted on a substratum map to confirm that many, but not all, were naturally occurring, high relief substrata. The data were also coupled with the occurrence of juvenile cod (Gadus morhua) and haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) to assess the degree of association between juvenile gadoids and high relief substrata. The average minimal distance from a fish occurrence to a hang ranged from 8.1 to 12.0 km (4.4–6.5 nautical miles), well within the reported daily range of movement for these fish. A similar pattern was detected for the sea raven (Hemitripterus americanus), a predator of juvenile gadoids, confirming the location of these microhabitat foodwebs. On average, closing an area 3.7 km (2 nautical miles) around a hang will enclose 17–30% of the populations of these juvenile fish; a wider buffer (18–28 km; 10–15 nautical miles) will close a linearly increasing portion of the populations. Additionally, closing areas surrounding the hangs, particularly regions of high hang density, will help to minimize losses of or damage to fishing gear. We propose a win–win scenario by establishing or evaluating closed areas in regions with high concentrations of known hangs. This approach is widely applicable for many marine ecosystems and may help to achieve simultaneous conservation and resource management goals, whereby one can both protect pre-recruit fish and enhance the effectiveness of a fishery.

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