The Concept of Intrinsic Motivation: Implications for Practice and Research with the Learning Disabled

1978 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard S. Adelman
Keyword(s):  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Behavior Problems ◽  
Intrinsic Motivation ◽  
Behavior Modification ◽  
Basic Assumption ◽  
Learning Disabled ◽  
Learning Disorders ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Major Focus ◽  
Research Activities

Many children and youth with learning disabilities manifest behavior problems in addition to various learning disorders. Historically, the major focus in the learning disability field has been on behavior modification while largely ignoring the construct of intrinsic motivation. A basic assumption of intrinsic motivation is the student's innate need for feeling competent and self-determining. Adelman reviews the basic constructs underlying intrinsic motivation and discusses their implications for assessment, intervention, and research activities in learning disabilities.

The Relationship between Creativity and Selective Attention in LD Boys

1979 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara G. Tarver ◽  
Barbara R. Buss ◽  
Ronald P. Maggiore
Keyword(s):  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Selective Attention ◽  
Learning Disabled ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Disabled Children ◽  
Special Significance ◽  
The Relationship

Historically, most programming and research efforts in the field of learning disabilities have focused on the disabilities evidenced by LD children and youth. By representing an attempt to consider the positive attributes of LD individuals, the study of creativity in the learning disabled population takes on special significance. The results of this investigation support the relationship between selective attention and creativity in LD boys. However, it was found that the relationship changed as a function of age and the type of creativity measured. The issues raised by this line of inquiry should provide impetus for other investigations designed to explore such attributes as creativity in learning disabled children and youth.

Competencies for Professionals in Learning Disabilities

1978 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phyllis L. Newcomer
Keyword(s):  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Learning Disabled ◽  
Professional Organization ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Disabled Children ◽  
Major Step ◽  
Broad Base ◽  
Current Practices

A major role of any professional organization is to establish standards by which professionals and practices in the field can be evaluated. DCLD has taken a major step in this direction by developing a set of competencies for teachers of learning disabled children and youth. This article presents the rationale behind the development of these competencies as well as potential uses of the competency statements. The development of this set of competency statements underscores the Division's commitment to upgrading current practices. Readers are strongly encouraged to provide feedback to Dr. Newcomer's Committee on the scope, format, and content of the competency statements. Meaningful standards can best be derived from these statements through a broad base of input from professionals in the field.

Implementation of the Dcld Competency Standards

1980 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Leigh
Keyword(s):  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Teacher Training ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
Learning Disabled ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Disabled Children ◽  
Certification Standards ◽  
Teacher Training Programs

This article discusses the DCLD Code of Ethics and Competencies for Teachers of Learning Disabled Children and Youth and reviews each of its stated purposes related to: teacher training programs, certification standards, employment criteria, and monitoring of ongoing professional practices. Recommendations are made for practical implementation of the competency statements. While some of the recommendations pertain to applications in the future, the discussion emphasizes the need to implement the DCLD competencies as soon as possible. Even though the philosophical and theoretical debates regarding learning disabilities will not be resolved by the DCLD document, implementation of the competency standards will lead to significant improvement of services to children with learning disabilities.

Competencies for Professionals in Learning Disabilities

1988 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phyllis L. Newcomer
Keyword(s):  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Learning Disabled ◽  
Professional Organization ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Disabled Children ◽  
Major Step ◽  
Broad Base ◽  
Current Practices

A major role of any professional organization is to establish standards by which professionals and practices in the field can be evaluated. DCLD has taken a major step in this direction by developing a set of competencies for teachers of learning disabled children and youth. This article presents the rationale behind the development of these competencies as well as potential uses of the competency statements. The development of this set of competency statements underscores the Division's commitment to upgrading current practices. Readers are strongly encouraged to provide feedback to Dr. Newcomer's Committee on the scope, format, and content of the competency statements. Meaningful standards can best be derived from these statements through a broad base of input from professionals in the field. - D.D.D.

Behavior-Problem Patterns among the Learning Disabled: III — Replication across Age and Sex

1986 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael H. Epstein ◽  
Douglas Cullinan ◽  
John Wills Lloyd
Keyword(s):  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Behavior Problems ◽  
Behavior Problem ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Learning Disabled ◽  
Educational Programs ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Disabled Students ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Age And Sex

Teachers completed rating scales on learning disabled male and female students ranging in age from 6 to 18 years. Responses were factor-analyzed to identify characteristic behavior problems of the learning disabled. While replicating findings from previous studies, the results revealed some important differences, that is, problems found to be characteristic of the learning disabled students differed according to sex and age level. These findings have implications for understanding the nature of learning disabilities and for designing appropriate educational programs for learning disabled students.

Profiles of Learning Disability Subtypes in a Retrospective Sampling of Adolescents' Scores on the Woodcock-Johnson Psycho-Educational Battery-Revised

2002 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 767-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gina Ann Hurley ◽  
Edward M. Levinson
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Learning Disability ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Cross Validation ◽  
Learning Disabled ◽  
Learning Disorders ◽  
Retrospective Sampling ◽  
Woodcock Johnson

This study was an effort to subtype adolescents' learning disabilities using scores on the Woodcock-Johnson Psycho-Educational Battery–Revised. A cluster analysis of 88 cases classified as learning disabled and 75 as nonlearning disabled was conducted to characterize subtypes. Two distinct subtypes emerged for the group while one for the nonlearning disabled group was identified. A multivariate analysis of variance to test for differences in scores among the identified subtypes yielded significant differences, suggesting that these students had two specific types of learning disorders. Cross-validation is essential.

Abnormal Optokinetic and Perceptual Span Parameters in Cerebellar-Vestibular Dysfunction and Learning Disabilities or Dyslexia

1989 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-54E ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold N. Levinson
Keyword(s):  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Learning Disabled ◽  
Learning Disorders ◽  
Reading Disorders ◽  
Perceptual Span ◽  
Tracking Method ◽  
Visual Span ◽  
Visual Reading ◽  
Sequential Scanning ◽  
Normal Controls

To measure the ocular fixation and sequential scanning dysfunction assumed responsible for the visual reading symptoms which characterize dyslexia or learning disabilities, an optokinetically based tracking method was devised. This method quantitatively demonstrated significantly reduced fixation, tracking, and perceptual or visual-span scores as well as “movement illusions” for 70 cerebellar-vestibular dysfunctioning persons with learning disabilities vs 70 controls. Such data tended to validate the hypothesis that cerebellar-vestibular-determined fixation and tracking mechanisms predispose dyslexic or learning disabled individuals to visual reading disorders. Moreover, a newly revised method is presented which may prove useful in rapidly screening and diagnosing cerebellar-vestibular-determined reading and learning disorders from those of other origins. Additional independent studies using significantly larger samples and asymptomatic or “normal” controls are required for further validation and development of the method.

scholarly journals Impacts of Participation in Community-Based Physical Activity Programs on Cognitive Functions of Children and Youth with Neurodevelopmental Disabilities: A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Mojgan Gitimoghaddam ◽  
Leigh M. Vanderloo ◽  
Rebecca Hung ◽  
Andrea Ryce ◽  
William McKellin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Cognitive Process ◽  
Cognitive Outcomes ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Physical Activity Interventions ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Research Questions

This review paper aimed to undertake an extensive exploration of the extent, range, and nature of research activities regarding the effect and emerging evidence in the field of physical activity interventions on cognitive development among children and youth (0–17.99 years) with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD), and to help identify key gaps in research and determine precise research questions for future investigations. To carry out this scoping review, five electronic databases were searched. A total of 12,097 articles were retrieved via search efforts with an additional 93 articles identified from the identified review papers. Sixty articles were eligible for inclusion. The results of this scoping review revealed many positive key cognitive outcomes related to physical activity including, but not limited to: focus, attention, self-control, cognitive process, and alertness. No studies reported a negative association between physical activity and cognitive outcomes. Based on the findings from this scoping review, physical activity appears to have a favorable impact on the cognitive outcomes of children and youth with NDD.

Learning Disorders and Learning Disabilities

2000 ◽  
Vol 16 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 135-145
Author(s):  
Ivan Z. Holowinsky
Keyword(s):  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Learning Disorders
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