Environmental Context-Dependent Homophone Spelling

1990 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
pp. 229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven M. Smith ◽  
Fred R. Heath ◽  
Edward Vela
Author(s):  
Alp Aslan ◽  
Anuscheh Samenieh ◽  
Tobias Staudigl ◽  
Karl-Heinz T. Bäuml

Changing environmental context during encoding can influence episodic memory. This study examined the memorial consequences of environmental context change in children. Kindergartners, first and fourth graders, and young adults studied two lists of items, either in the same room (no context change) or in two different rooms (context change), and subsequently were tested on the two lists in the room in which the second list was encoded. As expected, in adults, the context change impaired recall of the first list and improved recall of the second. Whereas fourth graders showed the same pattern of results as adults, in both kindergartners and first graders no memorial effects of the context change arose. The results indicate that the two effects of environmental context change develop contemporaneously over middle childhood and reach maturity at the end of the elementary school days. The findings are discussed in light of both retrieval-based and encoding-based accounts of context-dependent memory.


2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra G. Hammond ◽  
Erin M. Murphy ◽  
Brian M. Silverman ◽  
Ronan S. Bernas ◽  
Daniele Nardi

1988 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 537-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven M. Smith ◽  
Edward Vela ◽  
John E. Williamson

1992 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven M. Smith ◽  
Edward Vela

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-56
Author(s):  
Lorena Reinert

Epistemologies of resistance are knowledge frameworks that challenge oppressive structures and the ideologies that sustain them. In this paper, I analyze three weeks of ethnographic eldwork among the Asháninka of the Peruvian Amazon to demonstrate the ways in which the epistemologies that I encountered challenge oppressive structures and their underlying ideologies. My ndings consider the use of social and environmental context as epistemic indicators. I contrast these context-dependent epistemologies with the context-independent epistemologies that dominate contemporary “Western” thought, where the goal is to separate knowledge from context. I then consider how, as hybrid epistemologies that have emerged out of interaction and exchange in a globalized world, indigenous knowledge frameworks resist the notion of a binary di erence between indigenous and “Western” itself. These epistemologies of resistance critique the double binds created and sustained through the colonial model.


2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 1225-1235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeo Isarida ◽  
Toshiko K. Isarida ◽  
Tetsuya Sakai

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