Emmert's Law and Euclid's Optics

1950 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ward Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Emmert’S Law

The contribution of stereopsis in Emmert’s law

2020 ◽  
Vol 238 (4) ◽  
pp. 1061-1072
Author(s):  
Amy Siobhan Millard ◽  
Irene Sperandio ◽  
Philippe A. Chouinard
Keyword(s):  
Emmert’S Law

The boundaries of entoptic space and Emmert's law

1970 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 516-520
Author(s):  
Ante Fulgosi ◽  
Ljerka Fulgosi
Keyword(s):  
Emmert’S Law

What Is Emmert's Law?

1951 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ward Edwards ◽  
Edwin G. Boring
Keyword(s):  
Emmert’S Law

Apparent Size and Duration of a Movement After-effect

1972 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claude Bonnet ◽  
Viviane Pouthas
Keyword(s):  
Apparent Size ◽  
Test Field ◽  
After Effect ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Distance Judgments ◽  
Emmert’S Law

Four experiments were performed to study the relationship between Emmert's law and the duration of the movement after-effect (MAE). The duration of the MAE increased with increased distance of the test field; this result was shown to be produced by the correlative change in apparent size of the after image. The effect did not occur when cues for distance judgments were reduced. Reducing the duration of the MAE suppressed the variation in its duration at varying distances of the test field. Some implications for the mechanism of the MAE are discussed.

Emmert's Law and Size-Constancy

1957 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert H. Hastorf ◽  
John L. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Size Constancy ◽  
Emmert’S Law

An Emmert’s law of apparent sizes

1961 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Richard Price
Keyword(s):  
Emmert’S Law

scholarly journals An Empirical Test of Formal Equivalence between Emmert's Law and the Size-Distance Invariance Hypothesis

2006 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariko Imamura ◽  
Sachio Nakamizo
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Test ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Apparent Distance ◽  
Formal Equivalence ◽  
Invariance Hypothesis ◽  
Real Objects ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Reproduction Method ◽  
Magnitude Estimation Method ◽  
Emmert’S Law

Emmert's law and the size-distance invariance hypothesis have been said to be formally equivalent, provided that Emmert's law means that the perceived size of an afterimage is proportional to the perceived distance of the projected surface of the afterimage. However, there have been very few studies that have attempted to verify this formal equivalence empirically. We measured both the perceived size and distance of afterimages and real objects with the same proximal size. Nineteen participants projected afterimages of 1 deg in visual angle on the wall located at distances of 1 to 23 meters from the participants. They also observed real objects, disc-shaped and made from a sheet of Styrofoam board, with the same proximal size as that of the afterimages, which were located at the same physical distances as those of the wall on which the afterimages were projected. Each participant reproduced the apparent sizes of the afterimages and real objects using the reproduction method and estimated the apparent distances using the magnitude estimation method. When the mean apparent sizes of the afterimages and real objects, represented as a function of apparent distance, were fitted to a linear function, the slopes for the afterimages and real objects did not differ significantly. These results are interpreted as evidence for the formal equivalence of Emmert's law and the size-distance invariance hypothesis.

Constancy of Height and Speed in Three-Dimensional Information Displays

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 1562-1566
Author(s):  
Douglas J. Gillan
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Image ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Image Size ◽  
Physical Size ◽  
Depth Cues ◽  
Information Displays ◽  
Pictorial Cues ◽  
Actual Height ◽  
Perceived Speed ◽  
Emmert’S Law

Pictorial cues to depth create a three-dimensional appearance in two-dimensional displays. With sufficient pictorial depth cues, a given physical size appears to be larger at a greater perceived distance (or the perceived size is constant at different perceived depths, despite changes in the retinal image – size constancy). Two experiments investigated the effects of perceived depth on the relation between the actual height of an object and the perceived height (Experiment 1) and the relation between the actual speed of the object the perceived speed (Experiment 2). Consistent with Emmert’s Law (Perceived Size = Retinal Image Size x Perceived Depth), perceived depth influenced both perceived height and perceived speed. These findings suggest that displays that use pictorial cues to depth could easily result in misperception of the height or speed of objects in the display.

Emmert's Law in the Ames Room

Perception ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Dwyer ◽  
Roderick Ashton ◽  
Jack Broerse
Keyword(s):  
Emmert’S Law
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