Differential Reproductive Success of Brown-Headed Cowbirds with Northern Cardinals and Three Other Hosts

The Condor ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Scott ◽  
Robert E. Lemon
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Differential Reproductive Success ◽  
Northern Cardinals

Differential Reproductive Success of Ospreys in New Jersey

1991 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Steidl ◽  
Curtice R. Griffin ◽  
Lawrence J. Niles
Keyword(s):  
New Jersey ◽  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Differential Reproductive Success

A Simplified Bioenergetics Model of a Hammerhead Shark for Teaching Natural Selection

2019 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-119
Author(s):  
Jay Y. S. Hodgson
Keyword(s):  
Natural Selection ◽  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Computer Simulations ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Bioenergetics Model ◽  
Hammerhead Shark ◽  
Differential Reproductive Success ◽  
Evolutionary Consequences ◽  
Successful Predation

Students often have difficulty understanding the underpinning mechanisms of natural selection because they lack the means to directly test hypotheses within the classroom. Computer simulations are ideal platforms to allow students to manipulate variables and observe evolutionary outcomes; however, many available models solve the scenario for the users without revealing the evolutionarily significant calculations. I developed a simplified bioenergetics model of a hammerhead shark for teaching natural selection that allows the users to manipulate variables and see the impacts of modeling while solving for the evolutionary consequences. Students generate variation within the population by controlling cephalofoil widths and swimming speeds of an individual, which affect its ability to detect and capture prey at the expense of energy lost as drag from swimming. The trade-off between energy gained from successful predation and energy lost from metabolic expenditures dictates rates of reproduction. By manipulating a subset of factors that influence differential reproductive success, students gain an improved understanding of natural selection.

Differential Reproductive Success among the Serbian Jews

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 297-324
Author(s):  
Jelena Čvorović ◽  
Kosta Nikolić
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Differential Reproductive Success

scholarly journals Y-chromosome descent clusters and male differential reproductive success: young lineage expansions dominate Asian pastoral nomadic populations

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 1413-1422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Balaresque ◽  
Nicolas Poulet ◽  
Sylvain Cussat-Blanc ◽  
Patrice Gerard ◽  
Lluis Quintana-Murci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Differential Reproductive Success

scholarly journals Kordsmeyer.inpress_capital-integrative-concept-human-characteristics-behaviour-reproductive-success-fitness

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias L. Kordsmeyer
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Evolutionary Theory ◽  
Inclusive Fitness ◽  
Social Capital Theory ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Capital Theory ◽  
Individual Fitness ◽  
Integrative Concept ◽  
Differential Reproductive Success

According to evolutionary theory, human cognition and behaviour are based on adaptations selected for their contribution to reproduction in the past, which in the present may result in differential reproductive success and inclusive fitness. Because this depiction is broad and human behaviour often separated from this ultimate outcome (e.g. increasing childlessness), evolutionary theory can only incompletely account for human everyday behaviour. Moreover, effects of most studied traits and characteristics on mating and reproductive success turned out not to be robust. In this article, an abstract descriptive level for evaluating human characteristics, behaviour, and outcomes is proposed, as a predictor of long-term reproductive success and fitness. Characteristics, behaviour, and outcomes are assessed in terms of attained and maintained capital, defined by more concrete (e.g. mating success, personality traits) and abstract (e.g. influence, received attention) facets, thus extending constructs like embodied capital and the social capital theory, which focusses on resources embedded in social relationships. Situations are framed as opportunities to gain capital, and situational factors function as elicitors for gaining and evaluating capital. Combined capital facets should more robustly predict reproductive success and (theoretically) fitness than individual fitness predictors. Different ways of defining and testing these associations are outlined, including a method for empirically examining the psychometric utility of introducing a capital concept. Further theorising and empirical research should more precisely define capital and its facets, and test associations with (correlates of) reproductive success and fitness.

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