Relationships among Fresh Mass, Incubation Time, and Water Loss in Japanese Quail Eggs

The Condor ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela A. Martin ◽  
Todd W. Arnold
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Quail ◽  
Incubation Time ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Fresh Mass

scholarly journals HYDROCOOLING EFFICIENCY ON POSTHARVEST CONSERVATION AND QUALITY OF ARUGULA

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 36-41
Author(s):  
Elaine Gleice Silva Moreira ◽  
Scarlet Aguiar Basílio ◽  
Mariany Dalila Milan ◽  
Natália Arruda ◽  
Katiane Santiago Silva Benett
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Fresh Mass ◽  
Soluble Solids

Arugula is mainly cultivated by small producers, being a leafy vegetable susceptible to water loss and wilting after harvest, which may result in changes in appearance, texture, color (yellowing), and nutritional value of the product. Hydrocooling is a cooling method that stands out for being simple, practical and efficient. Its use is to reduce the temperature and respiratory rate of vegetables after harvesting by immersion in ice or cold water, so they can be packed and stored. This study was conducted to evaluate the hydrocooling efficiency when associated with the storage period in the postharvest shelf life of arugula leaves. Arugula leaves were subjected to ten days of storage, and measurements were taken at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 days. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 3 × 6 factorial scheme, consisting of three hydrocooling treatments [control (without cooling), and hydrocooling at 0 °C and 10 °C] and for six storage periods (0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 days) with three replicates. Fresh mass loss, soluble solids, titratable acidity, pH and subjective evaluation of product appearance were measured. Hydrocooling at 0 °C proved to be the most appropriate treatment when compared to control, as reported by the values of fresh mass loss, soluble solids, and titratable acidity. Hydrocooling to 0 °C slowed leaf water loss (lower respiratory rate) and resulted in better overall leaf appearance up to the sixth day of storage, thereby increasing shelf life of arugula leaves.

scholarly journals Japon Bıldırcınlarında Yumurta Ağırlığı, Kuluçka Sıcaklığı ve Kabuk Sıcaklığının Kuluçka Sonuçlarına Etkilerinin Belirlenmesi

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 234-240
Author(s):  
Sancar Kansak ◽  
Sedat Aktan
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Quail ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Late Period ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Development Period ◽  
Shell Temperature ◽  
Hatching Eggs ◽  
Weight Groups

In this study, a total of 402 Japanese quail hatching eggs from 32 weeks of age flock to determine shell temperature, temperature differences between shell and setter temperatures, relative weight (water) loss from eggs in setter period and effects on incubation results. All the eggs were divided into two egg weight groups (≤12 g and >12 g) and they were randomly and equally distributed to the setter trays. As expected, day old chick weight was significantly affected by the egg weight. The lighter eggs lost more water than heavier ones. Although the embryo cannot produce a noticeable level of heat in the first half of the development period (endothermic phase), since it begins to generate more noticeable heat in the second half (exothermic phase), the shell temperature is found to be higher than the setter temperature. This table is more pronounced in heavier eggs. In the first half of the development period, while the shell temperature was higher in light eggs than in heavy ones, the shell temperature, in egg weight groups, was differed by the setter floors during the latter half. Generally, in this late period, when the growing embryo now produces more noticeable heat, the higher shell temperatures were measured in heavier eggs and in eggs where set in upper-trays. The lighter eggs where set in lower-trays were found to be having lower shell temperatures than the eggs in all other combinations. Late embryonic mortalities were higher in heavier eggs.

Water vapour uptake and drought resistance in immobile instars of Parasitengona (Acari: Prostigmata)

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (9) ◽  
pp. 1741-1754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Wohltmann
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapour ◽  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Fresh Mass ◽  
Osmotic Regulation ◽  
Atmospheric Moisture ◽  
Ground Plan ◽  
Stem Species ◽  
Water Vapour Uptake ◽  
Reduced Water

Eggs and protonymphs of a number of terrestrial Parasitengona were tested for drought resistance and their ability to take up atmospheric moisture. Species of the Erythraeoidea display higher drought resistance in both instars than species of the Trombidioidea. This is achieved by evolutionary modifications of the ground plan of the Parasitengona, including reduction of body openings and additional sealing of others with lipids, resulting in reduced water loss. Water vapour uptake is not evident in erythraeoid eggs or protonymphs but has been observed in the Trombidioidea and probably constitutes a characteristic of at least the stem species of the terrestrial Parasitengona. The resulting increase in fresh mass is about 50% before the protonymph stage begins; its role is probably not related to drought resistance or osmotic regulation. Instead, it presumably serves to extend the cuticle and thus provides more space for the development of the subsequent instar.

Contribution of gular flutter to evaporative cooling in Japanese quail

1976 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 521-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. W. Weathers ◽  
D. C. Schoenbaechler
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Japanese Quail ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Evaporative Water ◽  
Coturnix Coturnix ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Acute Heat Stress ◽  
Cooling Mechanism

Oxygen consumption, body temperature (Tb), and evaporative water loss (mwe) were determined in intact Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix), and in quail in which the hyoid musculature responsible for gular flutter had been surgically transected several days prior to study. Abolishing gular flutter reduced total mwe by an average of 20% at air temperatures (Ta) above 40 degrees C. Treated birds developed a significantly greater degree of hyperthermia during acute heat stress than the controls and, unlike the controls, were unable to maintain Tb less than Ta above 40 degrees C. These data demonstrate that gular flutter represents a significant cooling mechanism in heat-stressed quail.

scholarly journals Aquatic insects dealing with dehydration: do desiccation resistance traits differ in species with contrasting habitat preferences?

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susana Pallarés ◽  
Josefa Velasco ◽  
Andrés Millán ◽  
David T. Bilton ◽  
Paula Arribas
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Loss Rate ◽  
Fresh Mass ◽  
Freshwater Species ◽  
Desiccation Resistance ◽  
Water Loss Rate ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Resistance Traits

Background. Desiccation resistance shapes the distribution of terrestrial insects at multiple spatial scales. However, responses to desiccation stress have been poorly studied in aquatic groups, despite their potential role in constraining their distribution and diversification, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions. Methods. We examined desiccation resistance in adults of four congeneric water beetle species (Enochrus, family Hydrophilidae) with contrasting habitat specificity (lentic vs lotic systems and different salinity optima from fresh- to hypersaline waters).We measured survival, recovery capacity and key traits related to desiccation resistance (fresh mass, % water content, % cuticle content and water loss rate) under controlled exposure to desiccation, and explored their variability within and between species. Results. Meso- and hypersaline species were more resistant to desiccation than freshwater and hyposaline ones, showing significantly lower water loss rates and higher water content. No clear patterns in desiccation resistance traits were observed between lotic and lentic species. Intraspecifically, water loss rate was positively related to specimens’ initial % water content, but not to fresh mass or % cuticle content, suggesting that the dynamic mechanism controlling water loss is mainly regulated by the amount of body water available. Discussion. Our results support previous hypotheses suggesting that the evolution of desiccation resistance is associated with the colonization of saline habitats by aquatic beetles. The interespecific patterns observed in Enochrus also suggest that freshwater species may be more vulnerable than saline ones to drought intensification expected under climate change in semi-arid regions such as the Mediterranean Basin.

scholarly journals Pre-incubation and turning during long storage as a method of improving hatchability and chick quality of Japanese quail eggs

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Damaziak ◽  
Bożena Pyzel ◽  
Żaneta Zdanowska-Sąsiadek
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Quail ◽  
Incubation Time ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Considerable Improvement ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Variable Time ◽  
Chick Quality ◽  
Long Storage

AbstractIn this study, we investigated the effect of modification of 12 d storage conditions of quail eggs from two flocks: at 17–20 weeks of life (A) and 36–39 weeks of life (B) on the incubation time, hatch window (HW), hatching results and chicks quality. The eggs were divided into experimental groups: COI = no pre-incubation (PI); SPIDES = were treated with 4 h PI, delivered at 4, 6, 8 and 10 d of storage; EG SPIDES = were treated with variable time of PI according to the scheme 5 d – 2 h, 7 d – 3 h, 9 d – 5 h and 11 d – 6 h. In addition, in each group, half of the eggs were turned (T) every 12 h, which is indicated as COI T, SPIDES T and EG SPIDES T. Pre-incubation was conducted at 37.8°C and 50–55% RH. It has been demonstrated that both storage profiles contribute to shortened incubation time, yet the HW is deteriorated if T is not applied. The benefits resulting from the EG SPIDES profile is an increase of 2.3 points in the “average score of all chicks” index compared to the COI group. In summary, the use of PI and T, and in particular the EG SPIDES profile with the concomitant use of T during long storage of quail eggs is recommended to obtain a considerable improvement of hatching results and chick quality.

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