The North Sea World in the Middle Ages: Studies in the Cultural History of North-Western Europe

2003 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
John M. Hill ◽  
Thomas R. Liszka ◽  
Lorna E. M. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
North Western ◽  
The Middle Ages

The case for comparison

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Haour
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
North Western

This chapter explains the coverage of this book, which is about the comparison of rulers, warriors, traders, and clerics on the central Sahel and the North Sea region. It argues that there was more similarity between north-western Europe and the central Sahel in the few centuries either side of AD 1001 than has hitherto been recognised, and maintains that the nature of the sources has obscured these formative times and left them in the shadow of organised structures. It discusses the interconnectedness of central Sahel and north-west Europe through contacts and shared pre-industrial nature.

scholarly journals IX.—On the Glacial Succession in Europe

1895 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-149
Author(s):  
James Geikie
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Marine Origin ◽  
The North ◽  
Pleistocene Period ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
North Western

For many years geologists have recognised the occurrence of at least two boulder-clays in the British Islands and the corresponding latitudes of the Continent. It is no longer doubted that these are the products of two separate and distinct glacial epochs. This has been demonstrated by the appearance of intercalated deposits of terrestrial, freshwater, or, as the case may be, marine origin. Such interglacial accumulations have been met with again and again in Britain, and they have likewise been detected at many places on the Continent, between the border of the North Sea and the heart of Russia. Their organic contents indicate in some cases cold climatic conditions; in others, they imply a climate not less temperate or even more genial than that which now obtains in the regions where they occur. Nor are such interglacial beds confined to northern and north-western Europe. In the Alpine Lands of the central and southern regions of our Continent they are equally well developed. Impressed by the growing strength of the evidence, it is no wonder that geologists, after a season of doubt, should at last agree in the conclusion that the glacial conditions of the Pleistocene period were interrupted by at least one protracted interglacial epoch. Not a few observers go further, and maintain that the evidence indicates more than this. They hold that three or even more glacial epochs supervened in Pleistocene times. This is the conclusion I reached many years ago, and I now purpose reviewing the evidence which has accumulated since then, in order to show how far it goes to support that conclusion.

The Storm, 1618–49

2020 ◽  
pp. 97-116
Author(s):  
Jonathan Scott
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Louis Xiv ◽  
Military Alliance ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
North Western

This chapter discusses the Thirty Years' War. It shows that, when the Scots and then the English Protestants took up arms between 1638 and 1642 they followed the Dutch in committing to the defence of their Reformation by force. This was the first in a series of conflicts which did not secure Protestantism in England until 1689, or Calvinism in Scotland until 1707. These struggles on both sides of the North Sea were intertwined, beginning with a Scots rebellion supported by soldiers returning from the Netherlands and elsewhere, and ultimately hinging upon a Dutch invasion of England in 1688–9. In the long term, Reformation could only be defended in North-Western Europe by a multinational (and cross-confessional) military alliance against Louis XIV and James II.

scholarly journals THE LION IN MEDIEVAL WESTERN EUROPE: TOWARD AN INTERPRETIVE HISTORY

Traditio ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 76 ◽  
pp. 185-213
Author(s):  
NIGEL HARRIS
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
French Literature ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Natural Phenomena ◽  
Creative Tension ◽  
History Of ◽  
Western European ◽  
The Devil ◽  
The Middle Ages

Several scholars have studied meanings attributed to the lion in the western European Middle Ages, but their accounts have tended to be partial and fragmentary. A balanced, coherent interpretive history of the medieval lion has yet to be written. This article seeks to promote and initiate the process of composing such a history by briefly reviewing previous research, by proposing a thematic and chronological framework on which work on the lion might reliably be based, and by itself discussing numerous textual examples, not least from German, Latin, and French literature. The five categories of lion symbolism covered are, respectively, the threatening lion, the Christian lion, the noble lion, the sinful lion, and the clement lion. These meanings are shown successively to have constituted regnant fashions that at various times profoundly shaped people's understanding of the lion; but it is demonstrated also that they existed alongside, and in a state of creative tension with, a “ground bass” of lion meanings that changed relatively little. Lions nearly always, for example, represented important, imposing things and people (for example, kings); and the New Testament's polarized presentation of the lion as either Christ or the devil proved enormously influential both throughout and beyond the Middle Ages. As such any cultural history of the lion — and indeed of many other natural phenomena — must be continually sensitive to the co-existence and interaction of tradition and innovation, stability and dynamism.

scholarly journals Ostracod Biostratigraphy of the Kimmeridgian in Northern and Western Europe

1970 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
pp. 1-65
Author(s):  
Ole Bruun Christensen ◽  
Thomas I Kilenyi
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Northwestern Poland ◽  
North Western ◽  
Upper Kimmeridgian ◽  
Uniform Composition ◽  
Lower Kimmeridgian

The chronostratigraphical type profile of the Kimmeridgian of Dorset is subdivided biostratigraphically into five ostracod zones. Six other areas in Northern and Western Europe with Kimmeridgian ostracods are examined. The species are listed, counted, and examined in relation to the zones of the type Kimmeridgian.In the Lower Kimmeridgian the ostracod faunas bear the impression of a relatively uniform composition between the examined areas. In the Upper Kimmeridgian two different faunal regions are developed. In the North Sea Basin in the North Western Danish Embayment and in Dorset relatively uniform faunas occur, separated from other, again rather uniform faunas occuring in the Mid-European Region, from Northwestern Poland and Scania to the Paris Basin.Stratigraphically important are species of the genera Galliaecytheridea, Mandelstamia, and Macrodentina. 19 species are given diagnoses. Two new subgenera and seven new species are established.

III.—The Recent Geological History of the Baltic and Scandinavia and its importance in the Post-Tertiary History of Western Europe

1918 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 397-409
Author(s):  
Henry H. Howorth
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
The Other ◽  
Land Bridge ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Salt Waters ◽  
The Baltic

We will now try and picture to ourselves how the circulation of the water was affected by the breach in the land bridge. We have seen in the earlier part of these papers that one of its effects was that the southern and western part of the Baltic became rapidly richer in marine forms. This is because the Straits between Gjedserodde in the island of Falster and Darrserort on the mainland of Mecklenburg form a great barrier to the eastern migration of the marine mollusca, whose species increase greatly in numbers when we pass westward of them. This seems to again point to the fact that the inflow of salt waters into the Baltic from the North Sea passes chiefly through the deeper Belts and not through the shallower Sound, which is the chief outlet of the more brackish Baltic water. On the other hand, the Swedish side of the sea remains poor in fauna until we reach the latitude of the island of Saltholm, due partly to its greater shallowness, which only allows a smaller proportion of the incoming North Sea water to pass.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document