Non-Parametric Statistical Tests for Bunchiness of Dryland Crop Yields and Reinvestment Income

1963 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying-shiang Lin ◽  
R. J. Hildreth ◽  
K. R. Tefertiller
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yields ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Non Parametric

scholarly journals Modeling Post-Liberalized European Gas Market Concentration—A Game Theory Perspective

Forecasting ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Hassan Hamie ◽  
Anis Hoayek ◽  
Hans Auer
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Parametric Method ◽  
Linear Complementarity Problems ◽  
Market Concentration ◽  
Cournot Equilibrium ◽  
Gas Markets ◽  
Gas Market ◽  
Equilibrium Test ◽  
Non Parametric

The question of whether the liberalization of the gas industry has led to less concentrated markets has attracted much interest among the scientific community. Classical mathematical regression tools, statistical tests, and optimization equilibrium problems, more precisely non-linear complementarity problems, were used to model European gas markets and their effect on prices. In this research, the parametric and nonparametric game theory methods are employed to study the effect of the market concentration on gas prices. The parametric method takes into account the classical Cournot equilibrium test, with assumptions on cost and demand functions. However, the non-parametric method does not make any prior assumptions, a factor that allows greater freedom in modeling. The results of the parametric method demonstrate that the gas suppliers’ behavior in Austria and The Netherlands gas markets follows the Nash–Cournot equilibrium, where companies act rationally to maximize their payoffs. The non-parametric approach validates the fact that suppliers in both markets follow the same behavior even though one market is more liquid than the other. Interestingly, our findings also suggest that some of the gas suppliers maximize their ‘utility function’ not by only relying on profit, but also on some type of non-profit objective, and possibly collusive behavior.

scholarly journals Water footprint analysis of temporary crops produced in São Carlos (SP), Brazil

RBRH ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Reis ◽  
Alessandra Campos dos Santos ◽  
Jamil Alexandre Ayach Anache ◽  
Eduardo Mario Mendiondo ◽  
Edson Cezar Wendland
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yields ◽  
Water Footprint ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Monotonic Trend ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Footprint Analysis ◽  
Global Mean ◽  
Total Average

ABSTRACT This paper aims to evaluate the water footprint (WF) of temporary crops produced in the municipality of São Carlos, Brazil, between 2004 and 2017. The WF calculation was developed following the Water Footprint Network approach (WFN) and using CROPWAT model. The results were compared with the world averages and other studies that analyzed the same crops. We applied statistical tests to verify data behavior over the years and calculated correlation coefficients between WF components and crop yields. The results indicated low values of total WF for sugarcane (total average of 166.2 m3 ton-1) and tomato (total average of 97.2 m3 ton-1), while rice (total average of 5212.4 m3 ton-1) and groundnut (total average of 3865.8 m3 ton-1) showed the opposite. In general, WF components do not follow a monotonic trend, a normal distribution can be assumed and there is a statistically significant difference when comparing our findings with global mean values. These results ratify the importance of local WF studies, especially in Brazil, considering its importance in global agricultural market and the respective use of water resources.

Non-parametric statistical tests for two related groups: numerical data

BMJ ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 344 (apr11 2) ◽  
pp. e2537-e2537
Author(s):  
P. Sedgwick
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Numerical Data ◽  
Non Parametric

MEASURING THE MARKET RISK OF FREIGHT RATES: A VALUE-AT-RISK APPROACH

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (05) ◽  
pp. 447-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
TIMOTHEOS ANGELIDIS ◽  
GEORGE SKIADOPOULOS
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Hedge Funds ◽  
Value At Risk ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Market Risk ◽  
Freight Rate ◽  
Freight Rates ◽  
Rate Risk ◽  
Risk Approach ◽  
Non Parametric

The fluctuation of shipping freight rates (freight rate risk) is an important source of market risk for all participants in the freight markets including hedge funds, commodity and energy producers. We measure the freight rate risk by the Value-at-Risk (VaR) approach. A range of parametric and non-parametric VaR methods is applied to various popular freight markets for dry and wet cargoes. Backtesting is conducted in two stages by means of statistical tests and a subjective loss function that uses the Expected Shortfall, respectively. We find that the simplest non-parametric methods should be used to measure freight rate risk. In addition, freight rate risk is greater in the wet cargoes markets. The margins in the growing freight derivatives markets should be set accordingly.

scholarly journals KAJIAN PERSEPSI DAN SIKAP MASYARAKAT TANI DALAM PROGRAM GERTAK TANPA DUSTA DI KABUPATEN TANJUNG JABUNG TIMUR, PROVINSI JAMBI

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Nida Kemala ◽  
Mulyani Mulyani
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
High Category ◽  
High Attitude ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Non Parametric

This study was conducted in “Tanjung Jabung Timur” Regency , Jambi Province where programs of “Gerakan Serentak Tanam Padi Dua kali Setahun (Gertak Tanpa Dusta)” was  applied. The  research focused on a farmer perception toward to the program, their attitude of independently paddy farming and the relationship between both their perception and their attitude. Total population were 485 so the number of  sample was 73 farmers (15%), and was taken by proportional random sampling methode. While the method of analysis to find out the relation between both variables was done by non parametric statistical tests namely Chi-Square 2x2. The prospect of this research was to give  the government in making a choise of the program sustainability.The result showed that most of farmers had 80,8% showed good perception toward to  the program and  it’s  only 14 farmers (19,2%) showed bad. Their attitude of independently paddy farming showed 63% low and only 37% farmers had high category. Majority of  respondents who have the good pereption  showed low attitude of independently  paddy farming. There were 59 farmers with good perception and it showed  69,5%  had low attitude. In contrary the  majority of bad perception farmers showed high attitude as 64,3%. There were a significantly relation  between the farmer perception toward to the program and their attitude of independently paddy farming in “Gertak Tanpa Dusta” program.Keywords: Program, Perception, Attitude, FarmerPenelitian ini dilakukan di   Kabupaten Tanjung  Jabung Timur,  Provinsi Jambi dimana di lokasi inilah program  Gerakan Serentak Tanam Padi Dua Kali Setahun (Gertak Tanpa Dusta) dilakukan. Penelitian ini difokuskan pada kajian persepsi petani terhadap program, sikap kemandirian  mereka dalam berusahatani padi dan hubungan antara  persepsi dengan sikap kemandirian. Jumlah populasi sebanyak 485 petani maka jumlah sampel sebanyak 73 petani (15%), yang ditentukan dengan metode  “proporsional random sampling”. Sedangkan metode analisis untuk melihat hubungan antara kedua variabel tersebut dilakukan oleh non-parametrik yaitu uji chi-square 2x2. Prospek penelitian ini adalah untuk memberikan pilihan bagi pemerintah dalam menentukan keberlangsungan suatu program. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas petani (80,8%) memiliki persepsi yang baik terhadap program dan hanya  14 petani (19,2%) menunjukkan persepsi kurang baik . Sikap kemandirian dalam budidaya padi menunjukkan 63 % rendah dan hanya 37% petani yang memiliki sikap kemandirian tinggi. Kebanyakan responden yang memiliki persepsi baik terhadap program menunjukkan sikap kemandirian dalam berusahatani padi yang rendah. Dari 59 petani dengan persepsi baik terdapat  69,5 % diantaranya yang memiliki sikap kemandirian rendah. Sebaliknya sebagian besar persepsi kurang baik  menunjukkan sikap kemandirian yang tinggi yaitu 64,3 %. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara persepsi petani terhadap program dan sikap kemandirian  dalam  program Gertak Tanpa Dusta. Kata kunci:  Program, Persepsi, Sikap, Petani

scholarly journals Due liabilities of territorial self-government units – the scope of disclosures

2020 ◽  
Vol 108 (164) ◽  
pp. 9-22
Author(s):  
Dorota Adamek-Hyska ◽  
Iwona Franczak
Keyword(s):  
Public Finance ◽  
Public Debt ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Financial Statement ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Non Parametric

The article is an analysis of disclosures of due liabilities in the system of reporting used by territorial self- government units. The due liabilities (i.e., liabilities that have not been settled on time or liabilities that are past) of the units in question infringe legally regulated principles of managing public means, i.e., they are a factor that results in the loss of financial liquidity, and they infringe discipline of the public finance. Due liabilities are also a debt that is included in public debt. The article includes analyses of budget financial state- ments that refer to the expenditure plans and financial operations of territorial self-government units in the Silesian Province in the period 2016-2018. The research methodology was adjusted to the variables and is based on non-parametric statistical tests. The ANOVA Kruskal-Wallis test by ranks was used to test the statistical significance of differences between the distribution of a variable that describes the relationship between due liabilities to total liabilities and a selected nominal variable. Legal regulations and relevant public finance literature and budget financial statement reporting literature were also subject to this research.

scholarly journals Use of Non-Parametric Approaches on Normality of Hydrologic Variables

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 1030
Author(s):  
Kadri Yürekli ◽  
Müberra Erdoğan ◽  
Mehmet Murat Cömert
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
The Other ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Seasonal Maximum ◽  
Kolmogorov Smirnov ◽  
Anderson Darling ◽  
Made In ◽  
Non Parametric ◽  
Normally Distributed

Parametric approaches in statistical analysis assume that any given data are normally distributed. Therefore, the test of whether this conventional assumption is valid should be made in this context of the available data’s normality before being passed to the application of statistical tests. The paper is focused on the normality methodologies commonly used in literature, named Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Jarque-Bera, D’agostino, Anderson Darling, Shapiro-Wilk and Ryan Joiner. In the study, the seasonal maximum data from eight streamflow gauging stations in Yesilirmak Basin was used as material. The normality in the 59% of the whole data sets were obtained as the highest result by the Kolmogorov –Smirnov approach, when compared to the other normality tests considered in the study.

VisTHAA

2016 ◽  
pp. 151-177
Author(s):  
Laura Cruz-Reyes ◽  
Mercedes Pérez Villafuerte ◽  
Marcela Quiroz-Castellanos ◽  
Claudia Gómez ◽  
Nelson Rangel Valdez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Design Theory ◽  
Bin Packing ◽  
Heuristic Algorithms ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Packing Problem ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Minimum Requirement ◽  
The One ◽  
Standard Sets ◽  
Non Parametric

In this chapter, a scientific tool designed to facilitate fair comparisons of heuristics is introduced. Making a fair comparison of the performance of different algorithms is a general problem for the heuristic community. Most of the works on experimental analysis of heuristic algorithms have been focused on tabular comparisons of experimental results over standard sets of benchmark instances. However, from a statistical point of view, and according to the experimental design theory, a minimum requirement to compare heuristic algorithms is the use of non-parametric tests. Non-parametric tests can be used for comparing algorithms whose results represent average values, in spite of the inexistence of relationships between them, and explicit conditions of normality, among others. The proposed tool, referred to as VisTHAA, incorporates four non-parametric statistical tests to facilitate the comparative analysis of heuristics. As a case study, VisTHAA is applied to analyze the published results for the best state-of-the-art algorithms that solve the one-dimensional Bin Packing Problem.

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