Bandits, rebels or criminals: African history and Western criminology (review article)

Africa ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 468-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Review Article ◽  
African History ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Opening Paragraph

Opening ParagraphIt has long been a cliché in the social sciences to talk about the insulation of disciplines and sub-disciplines from each other. We all know what it is like tostudy a phenomenon – poverty, crime, the family – from within one academic paradigm and then come across a quite different view of the ‘same’ phenomenon. The result is usually self-pity: ‘If only I had known what they were up to’ or ‘If only they knew what I was up to’.

scholarly journals Death anxiety among women with breast cancer at the National Center for Radiotherapy and Nuclear Medicine in Khartoum: قلق المَوْت لدى المُصَابَاتِ بِسرطانِ الثَّدْي، بالمَرْكَزِ القَوْمِيّ للعِلاجِ بالأَشِعَةِ وَالطِّبّ النَّوَوِيّ بِالخرطوم

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (30) ◽  
pp. 147-161
Author(s):  
Soha Mohamed Ali, Elrasheed Ismaeil Eltahir Soha Mohamed Ali, Elrasheed Ismaeil Eltahir
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Death Anxiety ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Descriptive Method

This study addressed death anxiety among women with breast cancer at the National Center for Radiotherapy and Nuclear Medicine in Khartoum, in order to identify: differences in death anxiety among women with breast cancer according to the variable of performing mastectomy at the Center. Where They used the descriptive method with a sample size 35 women with breast cancer were chosen by the intentional method at the Center, they applied the death anxiety scale on the patients, the data was analysed statistically using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS). They reached a number of conclusions and recommendation, including: The death anxiety among women with breast cancer at the Center is high, there are statistically significant differences between death anxiety among women with breast cancer at the Center according to the variable of performing mastectomy in favor of those who underwent a mastectomy. Guidance should be offered to the family and especially the husband to how to deal with his injured wife according to her stage and accept the apparent negative emotions and behaviors, and encourage her to express herself.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosemary L. Hopcroft
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Cultural Evolution ◽  
Ethnic Relations ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Race And Ethnic Relations ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Gender

This chapter provides an overview of The Oxford Handbook of Evolution, Biology, and Society. Chapters in the first part of this book address the history of the use of method and theory from biology in the social sciences; the second part includes chapters on evolutionary approaches to social psychology; the third part includes chapters describing research on the interaction of genes (and other biochemicals such as hormones) and environmental contexts on a variety of outcomes of sociological interest; and the fourth part includes chapters that apply evolutionary theory to areas of traditional concern to sociologists—including the family, fertility, sex and gender, religion, crime, and race and ethnic relations. The last part of the book presents two chapters on cultural evolution.

The Oxford Encyclopedia of African Historiography: Methods and Sources

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Spear
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Historical Linguistics ◽  
Theoretical Foundation ◽  
Environmental Modeling ◽  
Oral Traditions ◽  
Historical Documents ◽  
African History ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
The Social ◽  
Wide Range

The difficulties of exploring African history, especially for earlier periods, have spurred the development of a wide range of methodologies and approaches, such that Wyatt McGaffey once termed it “the decathlon of the social sciences.” Historians have long utilized archaeology, ethnography, historical linguistics, and oral traditions, but are only beginning to explore the possibilities of genetics or many of the new techniques used by archaeology and other sciences. And as digital sources—from historical documents and statistics to cartographic, climatic, demographic, and environmental modeling—proliferate, so do the problems in using them. The Oxford Encyclopedia of African Historiography: Methods and Sources discusses these sources and methods, and examines how these developments have influenced the scholarship that historians produce. Such methods continue to evolve, demanding that historians develop basic understandings of them. Thus, the Encyclopedia builds a theoretical foundation for the field, expanding the ways that Africa can be studied, and recovering the histories of the continent that often appear outside of the documentary record.

Political Traditionalism in Nigeria: a Case-Study of Secret Societies and Dance Groups in Local Government

Africa ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 289-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvin Magid
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Division Of Labour ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Secret Societies ◽  
The Social ◽  
Opening Paragraph ◽  
Dance Groups

Opening ParagraphThe notion that rural political life is essentially traditional tribal in Africa and therefore scarcely relevant to modern decision-making at higher echelons of government has had a commanding influence in African studies. Associated with this viewpoint has been a tacit division of labour in the social sciences which emphasizes the pre-eminence of anthropology in the tribal domain and the pre-occupation of political science with macropolitics especially in the urban sphere. Happily, a younger generation of political scientists has emerged in recent years to challenge an essentially artificial arrangement.

scholarly journals El concepto realimentación y sus significado en el ámbito pedagógico

10.14201/3097 ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Vega Mancera
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Family Therapy ◽  
Educational Theory ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Watt Governor

RESUMEN: Este artículo comprende un estudio minucioso sobre el concepto de realimentación. Se describe su desarrollo histórico, su presencia en diversas disciplinas científicas —en particular en las CC. Sociales—, analizando su influencia en el orden de las ideas y los métodos, lo que le ha llevado a convertirse en una de las principales metáforas científicas de la actualidad. Su incorporación al lenguaje pedagógico, por vía de las corrientes sistémicas y cibernéticas, merece un estudio crítico, en el que se describan los niveles a los que opera, su relación con otros conceptos y procesos, y su posición central en las modernas teorías de la educación; con especial hincapié en las aportaciones del Dr. Sanvisens.SUMMARY: The purpose of this paper is to analyze the concept feedback. From Watt «Governor» (1790) and the initial theoretical work developed by J. Maxwell (1868), including the cybernetics concepts developed in the fifties, in this paper we revise the conceptual influences and the methodological and thecnological applications in different disciplines, with special attention to the Social Sciences field. The feedback concept is related with other concepts such as: The Systems Dynamic's, the Biofeedback thecnics, the sociological systemic models, the family therapy... Thorough discussion is deserved to the application of this concept in the Educational Theory field. Specifically we analyze the contributions made by the humanistic cybernetic proposed by A. Sanvisens.

scholarly journals Miłość, wierność i odpowiedzialność w przestrzeniach spotkań młodzieży studiującej

2020 ◽  
pp. 235-251
Author(s):  
Mirosława Ściupider-Młodkowska
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Life Change ◽  
Important Research ◽  
Love Relationships ◽  
Important Research Topic ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Partner Relations ◽  
Psychological Expertise

Ściupider-Młodkowska Mirosława, Miłość, wierność i odpowiedzialność w przestrzeniach spotkań młodzieży studiującej [Love, Loyalty and Responsibility in Meeting Spaces of University Students]. Studia Edukacyjne nr 56, 2020, Poznań 2020, pp. 235-251. Adam Mickiewicz University Press. ISSN 1233-6688. DOI: 10.14746/se.2020.56.13Intimate partner relations have been an important research topic for years in the social sciences that address the order and survival of families and future generations. It is worth considering the contemporary code and the model of love and intimacy, which is just as natural in the process of socialization as the binding partnership for a lifetime. The purpose of the article is not to answer the question about the norm and the pathology in partner relations. In the assumption of the questions taken up, several issues have been raised in the field of constructivism and the phenomenon of partnership transformations and models of love, fidelity and responsibility in environments such as the family and parallel contemporary environments, such as virtual media in the form of the Internet and other determinants of popular culture. The discourse on emotional capitalism in partner relations raises numerous questions, constituting the theoretical basis of the questions addressed in this article: Do modern shortterm relationships determine the feeling of love and loyalty as a currency in the era of the Self? How far does the contemporary individualization of life change being together? Does pedagogical and psychological expertise provide real help in finding genuine values? Are they a response to loneliness, fear and contemporary consumerism in love relationships?

scholarly journals Relação entre os casos de sífilis e a estratégia saúde da família no nordeste brasileiro

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 305-340
Author(s):  
Michael Machado ◽  
Isa Carolina Gomes Felix ◽  
Tatiana Farias de Oliveira ◽  
Matheus Santos Duarte ◽  
Antônio Carlos Barbosa Gama Filho
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Northeast Region ◽  
Health Strategy ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Health Strategy

Objetivos: Este estudio tiene como objetivo comprender las relaciones entre el progreso de la cobertura de la Estrategia de Salud de Familia en los nueve estados del noreste y las tasas de detección de sífilis en mujeres embarazadas y congénitas entre 2008 y 2017.Métodos: Se trata de un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal en el que se correlacionaron las tasas de detección de sífilis de gestación y sífilis congénita en los estados nororientales y en esta región en su conjunto con la respectiva cobertura media anual de la Estrategia de Salud de Familia. Para ello, se realizó la prueba del coeficiente de correlación de Pearson para estas dos variables utilizando el software del Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 25. Resultados: El análisis estadístico de los datos de los estados permitió identificar que, al igual que en los datos agrupados de la región, a medida que aumentó la cobertura de la Estrategia de Salud de Familia, la tasa de detección de casos de sífilis en mujeres embarazadas y congénitas también aumentó significativamente en la mayoría de los estados, y en la región nordeste en su conjunto. Conclusiones: El Sistema Único de Salud a través de la Estrategia de Salud de Familia ha dado lugar a importantes avances relacionados con el seguimiento del embarazo, el puerperio y el desarrollo infantil, así como en el diagnóstico temprano de infecciones como la sífilis. Sin embargo, además del diagnóstico, se necesitan mejoras significativas en el tratamiento y la prevención de estas enfermedades en la región noreste. Objectives: This study aims to verify the relationships between the advancing of coverage of the Family Health Strategy in the nine northeastern states and the rates of detection of syphilis in pregnant women and congenital between the years 2008 and 2017. Methods: Observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study, in which the detection rates for gestational syphilis and congenital in the nine states of the Northeast and this region as a whole were correlated with the respective annual averages Family Health Strategy coverage. For that, Pearson's correlation coefficient test was performed for these two variables, using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 25 software. Results: The statistical analysis of the state data made it possible to identify that, as well as in the grouped data of the region, as the Family Health Strategy coverage increased, the detection rate of syphilis cases in pregnant women and congenital also increased significantly in most states, and in the Northeast region entirely. Conclusions: The Unified Health System through the Family Health Strategy has made great advances related to the monitoring of pregnancy, puerperium and child development as in the early diagnosis of infections like syphilis. However, in addition to the diagnosis, significant improvements are needed in the treatment and prevention of these diseases in the Northeast region. Objetivos: Este estudo tem por objetivo conhecer as relações existentes entre o avanço da cobertura da Estratégia Saúde da Família nos nove estados nordestinos e as taxas de detecção da sífilis em gestantes e congênita entre os anos de 2008 e 2017.Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo observacional, descritivo e transversal, em que as taxas de detecção para sífilis na gestação e congênita dos estados do Nordeste e desta região como um todo foram correlacionadas com as respectivas médias anuais de cobertura da Estratégia Saúde da Família. Para isso, foi realizado o teste de coeficiente de correlação de Pearson, para essas duas variáveis, através do software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 25.Resultados: A análise estatística dos dados estaduais possibilitou identificar que, assim como nos dados agrupados da região, à medida que aumentava a cobertura da ESF, a taxa de detecção dos casos de sífilis em gestantes e congênita também crescia significativamente na maioria dos estados, e na região Nordeste integralmente.Conclusões: O Sistema Único de Saúde através da Estratégia Saúde da Família tem protagonizado grandes avanços relacionados ao acompanhamento da gestação, puerpério e desenvolvimento infantil, como no diagnóstico precoce de infecções, como a sífilis. Entretanto, além do diagnóstico, é preciso melhorias significativas no tratamento e prevenção destas doenças na região Nordeste.

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