An Historical Sketch of Egba Traditional Authorities

Africa ◽  
1952 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. O. Biobaku
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Forest ◽  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
General Drive ◽  
Traditional Authorities ◽  
Opening Paragraph ◽  
Holy City ◽  
Historical Sketch

Opening ParagraphThe Yoruba were probably first established in what is now Nigeria in the region of Nupe, whence they crossed the Niger and went southwards in search of a suitable settlement. They chose Ile-Ife where, according to tradition, they encountered no opposition from the aborigines. Ife was later idealized; it became their Holy City and the revered cradle of their civilization. They probably remained under a single government at Ife until they had consolidated their power sufficiently to undertake the conquest of their neighbours. The general drive was towards the south, although a counter-migration back to the north resulted in the foundation of Old Oyo. When the Yoruba fanned out from Ife, they left principalities in their wake as they drove towards the sea. This region was probably then occupied by the Fon or Egun people, who were either absorbed or expelled as the Yoruba, in various waves and in different directions, penetrated the tropical forest.

Social Administration of the Kru. A Preliminary Survey

Africa ◽  
1937 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Scudder Mekeel
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
West African ◽  
Preliminary Survey ◽  
The South ◽  
North West ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Archaeological Work ◽  
Opening Paragraph ◽  
Physical Type

Opening ParagraphThe Kru, a West African Negro group, inhabit the central and southern part of Liberia. They are surrounded by the Basa peoples to the north-west, by the Grebo to the south-east and by the Putu to the north-east. The informant, Thomas Tarbour (Sieh Tagbweh), from whom the following material was derived, was a native of Grand Cess (Siglipo), a large coast town near the border of the Grebo country. The Kru, along with other related groups in that part of West Africa, have a tradition of having migrated from far to the north-east. The physical type is that of the short, stocky Bush negro. No archaeological work has been done in the region, and such ethnological material as has been collected is a mere beginning.

Moča, a Tone Language of the Kafa Group in South-Western Ethiopia

Africa ◽  
1958 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-147
Author(s):  
Wolf Leslau
Keyword(s):  
The South ◽  
The West ◽  
Tone Language ◽  
The North ◽  
South West ◽  
Opening Paragraph ◽  
Western Ethiopia

Opening ParagraphMoča is a dialect of the Kafa cluster, in the south-west of Ethiopia. It is spoken in the province of Ilubabor, to the west of Kafa, extending north across the river Baro. The language is called Šäkka by the Moča themselves; the term Moča is used by the Galla and by the Europeans.The dialects of the Kafa cluster are: Kafa spoken in the province of Kafa, between the rivers Omo and Goǧeb to the north and the Gimira tribes to the south; Boša (or Garo) spoken to the north of the river Goǧeb, and west of Omo; and Moča.

Matrilineal Kinship among the Kunda

Africa ◽  
1958 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Van S. Bruwer
Keyword(s):  
Western Boundary ◽  
The South ◽  
Administrative District ◽  
Eastern Province ◽  
The North ◽  
Eastern Boundary ◽  
Game Reserve ◽  
Opening Paragraph

Opening ParagraphThe Kunda, a matrilineal Bantu people numbering about 20,000, occupy part of the Luangwa valley in the Eastern Province of Northern Rhodesia. Their country, located within the administrative district of Fort Jameson, stretches along the east bank of the Luangwa between the Lusangazi in the south and the Lukuzi in the north. Its western boundary is the Luangwa river proper; across the river a game reserve, stretching up from the Muchinga range, forms an uninhabited barrier between them and the tribes beyond the mountains. The eastern boundary is less clearly demarcated, but marches with the territory of the adjacent Cewa. To the south and north live the Nsenga and Bisa respectively. All these adjacent tribes are matrilineal.

The emergence of a Diola Christianity

Africa ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 370-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert M. Baum
Keyword(s):  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Traditional Religion ◽  
The South ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
The North ◽  
Temporary Response ◽  
South Shore ◽  
Islam And Christianity ◽  
Opening Paragraph

Opening ParagraphAfrican religious history in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries has been dominated by the rapid growth of Islam and Christianity. This has been especially true of the Senegambia region of West Africa, which has witnessed the adoption of Islam by approximately 80 per cent of the region's populace and the development of a small, but influential Christian minority. Among the Diola of the Casamance region of Senegal, Islam and Christianity have both enjoyed rapid growth. The approximately half million Diola, however, include the largest number of adherents of their traditional religion within the Senegambian region. They are sedentary rice farmers and are usually described as acephalous peoples. While Muslims and Christians have been in contact with the Diola since the fifteenth century there were few conversions during the pre-colonial era (Baum, 1986). During the colonial era Islam became the dominant religion among the Diola on the north shore of the Casamance river, and Christianity also attracted a considerable following (Mark, 1985). Among the south shore communities neither Islam nor Christianity became important until after the Second World War. Seeing the increased momentum of recent years, many observers are confident that the south shore Diola will follow the northern example and convert to Islam or Christianity. Louis Vincent Thomas, the doyen of Diola ethnographers, described Diola traditional religion as ‘a false remedy to a very real crisis; fetishism will become a temporary response that will be quickly swept away by another attempt, even larger and undoubtedly more profound: Islam and perhaps we could add, Christianity’ (Thomas, 1967: 225; translations are my own, unless otherwise stated).

Historical Inferences from the Linguistic Geography of the Nigerian Middle Belt

Africa ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 294-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Ballard
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
The South ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Archaeological Evidence ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
Linguistic Evidence ◽  
Opening Paragraph ◽  
Eastern Half

Opening ParagraphThis paper examines the distribution of languages in the Nigerian Middle Belt, draws certain historical inferences from the patterns of distribution, and assesses non-linguistic evidence tending to confirm or refute these inferences. The Middle Belt is taken as an area roughly inscribed by the Hausa-speaking area to the north, and the Yoruba, Edo, and Ibo-speaking areas to the south. Geographically it is an area which has a certain climatic coherence, falling between the sahel to the north and the forest to the south (Pullan, 1962; Buchanan, 1953). It is also an area of much more strikingly broken terrain than those to the north or south, with not only the complex relief of the Jos Plateau, but also many ranges of hills, particularly along its northern frontier and in its eastern half. This terrain appears to have militated against the establishment of large coherent political systems in the past and it is only in the plains of the Niger and Benue valleys that there is a record of extensive state systems in recent history, those of the Nupe and Jukun. On the other hand, archaeological evidence indicates that the Nok culture extended over a very large area of the Middle Belt, not by any means confined to the plains (Fagg, 1959, 1969), and there is evidence of a certain measure of cultural unity today (Murdock, 1959).

Land Tenure among the Nsaw of the British Cameroons

Africa ◽  
1950 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phyllis M. Kaberry
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Average Height ◽  
The South ◽  
The West ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Bantu Language ◽  
Opening Paragraph

Opening ParagraphThe Nsaw are a section of the Tikar people who are believed to have come originally from the region of Bornu and to have established themselves near Tibati in what is now the French Cameroons. About 300 years ago small bands, some under the leadership of sons of the King, broke away and eventually reached Bamenda. The sequence of the various migrations is confused, but among the last was probably that of the Nsaw under their Paramount Chief, the Fɔn. They are a negroid people who speak a semi-Bantu language, and they now number approximately 32,000. Their territory, some 700 square miles in area, is bounded on the east by the frontier of the French Cameroons, on the south by the Ndop Plain, on the west by Oku (an independent sub-tribe of Nsaw), and on the north-west and north by Bum and Nsungli. Most of it is high rolling grassland at an average height of 5,000 feet above sea-level, but the landscape, nevertheless, presents an appearance of alternating woodland and meadow, for in the villages, which are anything from one to five miles apart, compounds are overshadowed by tall dark groves of kola trees, while along the numerous streams are plantations of raffia palm.

Changing perspectives of the demands on tropical forests

1992 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 476-480
Author(s):  
R. D. Ayling
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Forest Resources ◽  
The South ◽  
Ecosystem Degradation ◽  
The North ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
North And South

Underlying many of the issues associated with tropical forests, deforestation and ecosystem degradation is the relationship between North and South – the relationship between "developed" and "developing" countries. This relationship is the origin of some major perceptions which we in the North hold about the needs and expectations of societies in the South related to their tropical forest resources.

Ankole Folk Tales

Africa ◽  
1951 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Lukyn Williams
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The South ◽  
Folk Tales ◽  
The North ◽  
South West ◽  
Opening Paragraph

Opening ParagraphAnkole is a district in the south-west of the Uganda Protectorate. Its inhabitants, as a result of fifty years of British administration, are being gradually welded together into one people, the Banyankole. There are, however, two distinct ethnic groups in the country: the Bantu aborigines who till the soil and the cattlekeeping Bahima. The latter were Hamitic invaders from the north, who brought with them their own long-horned cattle, easily distinguishable from the small shorthorned zebu type found already in the country. Their one aim in life was and is the well-being of their herds.

Nupe State and Community

Africa ◽  
1935 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. F. Nadel
Keyword(s):  
Central Axis ◽  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
Opening Paragraph

Opening ParagraphIn central Nigeria, between 8° 30' and 10° 30' N. lat., lies Nupe-land. Two rivers form its boundaries, the Niger to the south and west, the Kontagora river to the north. Another river marks its central axis: the Kaduna. The boundary to the east is formed by the gradually rising land, which eventually reaches the hills of Gwari country. It is a low, open, fertile country, covering roughly 7,000 sq. m., inhabited by a population who were known from the ancient days, and all over Nigeria, as an industrious and able people. The census of 1931 gives their number as 326,000, but for various reasons one may safely take it to be considerably higher, probably up to half a million.

Long-term Cyclic Variations of Prominences, Green and Red Coronae over Solar Cycles

2000 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 201-204
Author(s):  
Vojtech Rušin ◽  
Milan Minarovjech ◽  
Milan Rybanský
Keyword(s):  
Emission Lines ◽  
High Latitudes ◽  
Green Line ◽  
Solar Cycles ◽  
The South ◽  
Coronal Emission ◽  
Local Maxima ◽  
The North ◽  
Cyclic Variations

AbstractLong-term cyclic variations in the distribution of prominences and intensities of green (530.3 nm) and red (637.4 nm) coronal emission lines over solar cycles 18–23 are presented. Polar prominence branches will reach the poles at different epochs in cycle 23: the north branch at the beginning in 2002 and the south branch a year later (2003), respectively. The local maxima of intensities in the green line show both poleward- and equatorward-migrating branches. The poleward branches will reach the poles around cycle maxima like prominences, while the equatorward branches show a duration of 18 years and will end in cycle minima (2007). The red corona shows mostly equatorward branches. The possibility that these branches begin to develop at high latitudes in the preceding cycles cannot be excluded.

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