Assessing the Impact of Preferential Trade Agreements and New Rules of Origin on the Extraterritorial Application of Antitrust Law to International Mergers

1993 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Deanna Conn
Keyword(s):  
Trade Agreements ◽  
Preferential Trade Agreements ◽  
Antitrust Law ◽  
Rules Of Origin ◽  
Preferential Trade ◽  
International Mergers ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Znacaj porekla proizvoda u evropskim sporazumima o trgovini

2003 ◽  
Vol 44 (157) ◽  
pp. 61-83
Author(s):  
Radovan Kovacevic
Keyword(s):  
Free Trade ◽  
Market Access ◽  
Trade Agreements ◽  
Preferential Trade Agreements ◽  
Rules Of Origin ◽  
Preferential Trade ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Policy Objectives ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

The key element of the EU's free trade and preferential trade agreements is the extent to which they deliver improved market access and thus contribute to the EU's foreign policy objectives towards developing countries and neighbouring countries in Europe, including the countries of the Balkans. The previous preferential trade schemes have been ineffective in delivering improved access to the EU market. The main reason for this is probably very restrictive rules of origin that the EU imposes, coupled with the costs of proving consistency with these rules. If the EU wants the 'Everything but Arms' agreement and free trade agreements with countries in the Balkans to generate substantial improvements in access to the EU market for products from these countries, then it will have to reconsider the current rules of origin and implement less restrictive rules backed upon by a careful safeguards policy. Governments apply rules to distinguish between foreign and domestic products and to define the foreign origin of a product where some imports receive preferential treatment. The purpose of this paper is to focus on the issue of the rules of origin, and on the "cummulation" of such rules within the EU preferential trade agreements. It does this, firstly, through detailing rules of origin, secondly, by providing a conceptual discussion of the impact of (the cummulation of) rules of origin, and thirdly, by exploring characteristics of preferential trade agreements.

Part I Investment Treaties and the Settlement of Investment Disputes: The Framework, 1 Bilateral Investment Treaties and Investment Provisions in Preferential Trade Agreements: Recent Developments in Investment Rule-making

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Echandi Roberto
Keyword(s):  
Dispute Settlement ◽  
Trade Agreements ◽  
International Investment ◽  
Preferential Trade Agreements ◽  
Preferential Trade ◽  
Investment Protection ◽  
Investment Treaties ◽  
New Generation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Rule Making

This chapter argues that investment disputes, particularly those that have arisen in the context of the implementation of NAFTA, have influenced the refinement of the provisions of new generation international investment agreements (IIAs) as well as the inclusion of a series of procedural and substantive innovations. It addresses the main distinction between BITs and investment chapters in preferential trade agreements (PTAs), focusing on the evolution of their respective rationales. It looks at the main features of the new generation of IIAs and explains how such features respond to challenges derived from the interpretation of substantive and procedural provisions included in previous agreements. The discussion is organized under two themes: (i) moving from the original exclusive focus on investment protection towards also promoting liberalization of investment flows; and (ii) the impact of investor-state dispute settlement on investment rule-making.

Impact of preferential trade agreements (PTAs) on firms’ degree of internationalization

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-78
Author(s):  
Sulaman Hafeez Siddiqui ◽  
Muhammad Zafarullah ◽  
Muhammad Ijaz Latif ◽  
Ghulam Shabir
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Data ◽  
Mixed Methods Research ◽  
Inductive Reasoning ◽  
Trade Agreements ◽  
Preferential Trade Agreements ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Preferential Trade ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Internationalization Strategies ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to postulate the impact of preferential trade agreements (PTAs) on internationalization strategies of member countries’ firms. The study also aims to triangulate the proposed model using empirical data from PTA partner economies. Design/methodology/approach – The mixed methods research design is used for the purpose of inquiry as suggested by Creswell. The inductive reasoning based on critical literature review and grounded theory methodology is used to postulate the model. Explanatory strength of the model is triangulated using empirical longitudinal trade data of Pakistan with her bilateral PTA partners, i.e. Malaysia, Mauritius, Iran, Sri Lanka and China. Internationalization indices are adapted following the Ietto-Gillies and London (2009) and Petri (1994) to measure the intensity and geographical diversification dimensions of internationalization. Country-level trade statistics are used as a proxy of firm-level data to explain the international expansion of home firms resulting from PTAs. Findings – Empirical results confirm a strong and long-term impact of PTAs on the intensity and extensity dimensions of internationalization over post-agreement period in Pakistan and member economies. Gravity index depicts greater concentration of Pakistan's trade in FTA markets and thereby confirms the influence of PTAs on international market selection. Analysis at sectoral level depicts a contraction in services trade whereas expansion in the manufacturing firms’ export growth to member economies. Originality/value – The paper extends the theory of internationalization by identifying PTAs as exogenous variable influencing internationalization strategies of member countries’ firms in a developing South Asian context. Coupled with findings from empirical data, the study identifies PTAs as a new strategic trade policy tool available to policy makers for promoting and influencing the home firms’ internationalization strategies.

Toxic trade: the impact of preferential trade agreements on alcohol imports from Australia in partner countries

Addiction ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 115 (7) ◽  
pp. 1277-1284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley Schram ◽  
Emma Aisbett ◽  
Belinda Townsend ◽  
Ronald Labonté ◽  
Fran Baum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trade Agreements ◽  
Preferential Trade Agreements ◽  
Preferential Trade ◽  
The Impact

TINJAUAN THIRD PARTY INVOICING - ACFTA PADA KPU BEA CUKAI TANJUNG PRIOK

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Imam Tri Wahyudi ◽  
Wing Hartopo
Keyword(s):  
Trade Agreements ◽  
Preferential Trade Agreements ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Rules Of Origin ◽  
Preferential Trade

Dengan meningkatnya kompleksitas hubungan kerjasama dan perdagangan antar negara ataupun kawasan, terutama kerjasama berdasarkan perjanjian perdagangan preferensial (preferential trade agreements) yang telah diratifikasi pemerintah Indonesia, maka semakin meningkat pula peran rules of origin. Penelitian ini mengunakan metode kualitatif studi kasus untuk menganalisis pemeriksaan third party invocing, sebagai bagian dari rules of origin, pada SKA ACFTA oleh Pejabat Fungsional Pemeriksaan Dokumen (PFPD). Penelitian ini menghasilkan simpulan, yaitu dalam penelitian atas SKA ACFTA Third Party Invoicing, PFPD memerlukan dokumen pendukung tambahan; dalam hal terjadi ketidaksinkronan antara data dalam SKA tersebut dengan data dokumen pendukung, PFPD perlu melakukan retroactive check; dalam hal arsip database rejection dan retroactive check; staf arsip belum melakukan secara terstruktur. Berdasarkan hasil analisis penelitian tersebut, maka disampaikan saran kepada KPU menyusun database rejection atau retroactive check secara terstruktur sehingga mudah untuk dilakukan analisis, kemudian kepada PFPD agar melakukan analisis bisnis menurut Alexandra (2013) dan prosedur penelitian SKA sesuai panduan WCO terutama terhadap SKA dengan skema third party invoicing, dan kepada Direktorat KIAL agar mengkompilasi kasus-kasus SKA third party dari KPU maupun Kantor Bea Cukai lainnya sebagai referensi dan dibahas dalam pertemuan ACFTA.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document