Constitutional Law. Separation of Church and State. Released Time in Public Schools Held Constitutional Where Sectarian Classes Are Conducted off School Premises and School Authorities Do Not Supervise Program

AbstractThe vital role of Roman Catholicism in establishing the social, political, institutional, and religious status quo in Colombia is plainly evident and well-documented. Since the Middle Ages, no other country has enforced such a complete integration of church and state (ideal medieval Christendom), as reflected in Colombia’s Concordat. In Colombia, liberal attempts failed repeatedly and resulted in violent conflicts in which the Roman Catholic Church-State closed ranks with conservatives and imposed a corporatist medieval-like state. The largely successful project pursued by the Roman Church-State in Colombia (so-called Christilandia) consists of three pillars: (1) political (a confessional state); (2) economic (a corporatist state); and (3) cultural (a Catholic and conservative “Hispanicism”).In the 1991 Constitution, Protestantism allied itself with liberal forces. This alliance made it possible to finally introduce religious freedom, among others, by removing most of the contentious articles from the Concordat (nevertheless, the Concordat remains valid, as does institutional corporatism). In spite of these reforms, the Colombian government is still required to pay a fee to the Roman See. Religious instruction in public schools according to the Roman Church Magisterium for Catholics also remains firmly in place. Colombia remains one of the most inequitable and dangerous countries in the world.

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Constitutional Law. Construction. Bible Reading in Public Schools. Pfeiffer v. Board of Education of City of Detroit, 77 N. W. Rep. 250 (Mich.)

The Yale Law Journal ◽

10.2307/781017 ◽

1899 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 212

Keyword(s):

Public Schools ◽

Constitutional Law ◽

Board Of Education ◽

Law Construction ◽

Bible Reading

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Separation Of Church And State In Public Schools In The USA

10.52127/2240-004-011-041 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 359

Author(s):

Melouka Arabi

Keyword(s):

Public Schools ◽

Church And State ◽

The Usa

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Is Mindfulness Religion?

Mind Cure ◽

10.1093/oso/9780190864248.003.0006 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 137-170

Author(s):

Wakoh Shannon Hickey

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Public Schools ◽

Church And State ◽

The United States ◽

Government Agencies ◽

Religious Traditions ◽

Therapeutic Method ◽

Theories Of Religion ◽

The Military ◽

Metaphysical Religion

This chapter considers whether Mindfulness can reasonably be considered a kind of religion, despite proponents’ claims to the contrary. If so, what kind? Is it Buddhist? If so, what kind of Buddhism? The rhetoric of Jon Kabat-Zinn, founder of the modern Mindfulness movement, is tested against several different theories of religion, as well as critiques by specialists in both Theravāda and Māhāyana forms of Buddhism. While Mindfulness is positioned as a strictly secular therapeutic method, it has all the characteristics of American metaphysical religion, as well as of modernist Buddhism and neo-Vedanta. Kabat-Zinn claims his teachings are “universal,” yet they actually reflect his own eclectic blend of elements from various religious traditions with roots in Asia, the United States, and Europe. As Mindfulness is increasingly promoted in public schools, government agencies, and the military, this raises legitimate questions about the separation of church and state.

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