Franchise Free Agency in Professional Sports Leagues

1997 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 191 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Vrooman
Keyword(s):  
Professional Sports ◽  
Free Agency ◽  
Sports Leagues ◽  
Professional Sports Leagues

A Look Back at the Hearings

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
David George Surdam
Keyword(s):  
Professional Sports ◽  
Revenue Sharing ◽  
Financial Data ◽  
Free Agency ◽  
Congressional Hearings ◽  
Look Back ◽  
Sports Leagues ◽  
Territorial Rights ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Professional Sports Leagues

This conclusion discusses the aftermath of the Congressional hearings. During the hearings, the owners' general prerogatives survived essentially intact, although free agency of some sort was imminent in all sports by 1976. Legislators did not repudiate the reserve clause, the reverse-order draft, or territorial rights, despite their qualms regarding these institutions. The legislators and their aides missed some opportunities to subject the team financial data from the 1950s to analysis, which could have shed light on such questions as the effects of revenue sharing. Some fans gained when their hometown landed an expansion or existing franchise, while other fans lost when legislators did not prevent franchise relocation. Congress has held several hearings in the intervening decades since 1989. The professional sports leagues have also evolved. Technology has altered the landscape.

scholarly journals Big Data, Big Problems: Analysis of Professional Sports Leagues’ CBAs and Their Handling of Athlete Biometric Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-81
Author(s):  
Sarah M. Brown ◽  
Natasha T. Brison
Keyword(s):  
Athletic Performance ◽  
Professional Sports ◽  
Professional Sport ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Biometric Data ◽  
State Laws ◽  
Federal Level ◽  
Sports Leagues ◽  
Revenue Streams ◽  
Professional Sports Leagues

The use and integration of wearable technology (wearables) into professional sports is increasing rapidly. At a minimum, the NFL, NBA, MLB, NHL, and MLS have all integrated wearables into their training. Teams’ hope the biometric data obtained from the wearables will sharpen athletic performance, create competitive advantages, enhance fan experience, and generate new revenue streams. However, to obtain these desired outcomes leagues must adequately protect their athlete’s biometric data (ABD).  The purpose of this paper is to examine and compare the CBAs of the NFL, NBA, MLB, NHL, and MLS management of wearables and ABD. Specifically, this paper will discuss the potential gaps in protection of ABD within the CBA and explore whether federal and state laws are applicable to protect the data. Findings from this analysis improve our understanding of professional sport leagues management of ABD and expose the limitations of protection at the league, state, and federal level.

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