scholarly journals Association between clinical parameters and the presence of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis in patients with progressive periodontal lesions

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (11) ◽  
pp. 898-902 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mia Rakic ◽  
Ksenija Zelic ◽  
Dusan Pavlica ◽  
Milos Hadzimihajlovic ◽  
Jelena Milasin ◽  
...  

Background/Aim. Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of periodontal tissues with consequential is bone loss as a result of host immunological reactions caused by periopathogens. The aim of the study was to investigate if there is a correlation between clinical parameters and the presence of two most aggressive periopathogens (Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans - Aa and Porphyromonas gingivalis - Pg) in patients with progressive periodontal lesions. Methods. A total of 34 systemic healthy people, 23 to 70 years old, were included in the study. The patients were clinically and radiologically examined, and after that, the representative pocket with greatest pocket depth was chosen and the sample was collected from that place. The measured clinic parameters were: gingival index, index of gingival bleeding, pocket depth and plaque indices. The multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method was used for detection of periopathogens. After obtaining results, appropriate statistical tests were used to correlate the clinical and microbiological results. Results. Aa and Pg were detected in the same percentage of samples. Aa and Pg were detected in 35.29% samples alone, and in 29.41% both were detected. The values of measured clinical parameters did not show a statistical significance between the groups. In analysis of correlations among clinical parameters inside the groups, a statistical significance was found only between gingival and plaque index in the group with Aa. Conclusion. Clinical course of periodontitis in the developed stage does not differ in relation to the presence of different periopathogens as the major inductors of immunologically guided destructive processes.

2014 ◽  
Vol 142 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 10-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanja Predin ◽  
Milanko Djuric ◽  
Jelena Mirnic ◽  
Ivana Gusic ◽  
Nadja Nikolic ◽  
...  

Introduction. Periodontitis is a destructive inflammatory disease of the tooth-supporting tissues, primarily caused by Gram-negative microorganisms. Thus, the primary objective of cause-related initial periodontal therapy is disruption and removal of the subgingival biofilm. Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and microbiological effects of the initial therapy in patients diagnosed with chronic periodontitis. Methods. Forty patients with chronic periodontitis were included in the study. As a part of the clinical assessment undertaken prior to the initial therapy, as well as one month and three months post-therapy, plaque index, gingival index, papilla bleeding index, probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level were recorded. Microbiological testing was performed prior to the initial therapy and three months after therapy. Polymerase chain reaction assays were used to determine the presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythensis, Prevotella intermedia and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Results. All clinical parameters were significantly reduced after therapy. The prevalence of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans was reduced by 22.5%, which was a statistically significant decrease compared to the baseline. The prevalence of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythensis and Prevotella intermedia tended to decrease after therapy; however, the difference did not reach statistical significance. Conclusion. The results of the present study demonstrated the beneficial effects of the initial periodontal therapy on both the clinical and microbiological parameters.


2012 ◽  
Vol 91 (12) ◽  
pp. 1190-1195 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Kudo ◽  
K. Naruishi ◽  
H. Maeda ◽  
Y. Abiko ◽  
T. Hino ◽  
...  

Chronic periodontitis is a silent infectious disease prevalent worldwide and affects lifestyle-related diseases. Therefore, efficient screening of patients is essential for general health. This study was performed to evaluate prospectively the diagnostic utility of a blood IgG antibody titer test against periodontal pathogens. Oral examination was performed, and IgG titers against periodontal pathogens were measured by ELISA in 1,387 individuals. The cut-off value of the IgG titer was determined in receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, and changes in periodontal clinical parameters and IgG titers by periodontal treatment were evaluated. The relationships between IgG titers and severity of periodontitis were analyzed. The best cut-off value of IgG titer against Porphyromonas gingivalis for screening periodontitis was 1.682. Both clinical parameters and IgG titers decreased significantly under periodontal treatment. IgG titers of periodontitis patients were significantly higher than those of healthy controls, especially in those with sites of probing pocket depth over 4 mm. Multiplied cut-off values were useful to select patients with severe periodontitis. A blood IgG antibody titer test for Porphyromonas gingivalis is useful to screen hitherto chronic periodontitis patients (ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT01658475).


Author(s):  
V.K. Ilyin ◽  
V.N. Tsarev ◽  
M.A. Skedina ◽  
Z.O. Soloviova ◽  
E.N. Nikolaeva ◽  
...  

Введение. Условия космического полета приводят к изменению функциональных показателей многих органов и систем организма человека. Накопленный опыт показывает, что с увеличением длительности полета большое значение приобретают комплексные исследования состояния зубочелюстной системы. Цель исследования - изучение анаэробной составляющей микробиоты, иммунологических показателей ротовой жидкости и скорости кровотока в микроциркуляторном русле пародонта при моделировании невесомости. Методика. Наиболее адекватной моделью, воспроизводящей эффекты факторов полета в земных условиях, является «сухая» иммерсия. Было проведено комплексное обследование 20 мужчин добровольцев, в возрасте от 19 до 26 лет. В качестве модели микрогравитации использовали 5-суточную «сухую» иммерсию. Изучение состояния тканей пародонта включало микробиологические, иммунологические и микроциркуляторные исследования. Исследования выполняли в 1-е сут (фон), на 5-е сут иммерсии (выход) и на 7-е сут по окончании иммерсии. Качественный состав основных пародонтопатогенных видов микроорганизмов определяли методом полимеразной цепной реакцией. Концентрацию иммуноглобулинов (sIgA, IgA, IgМ) в ротовой жидкости - методом ИФА с помощью соответствующих наборов реагентов ЗАО «Вектор-Бест». Оценку кровотока в тканях пародонта проводили методом высокочастотной ультразвуковой допплеровской флуометрии ультразвуковым допплерографом «Минимакс-Допплер-К» (г. Санкт-Петербург) с датчиком непрерывного излучения, рабочая частота - 20 МГц. Результаты. Во время эксперимента в составе микробиоты пародонта обнаружено появление 5 основных пародонтопатогенных видов микроорганизмов (Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Tannerella forsythia, Prevotella intermedia, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola). Отмечен рост концентрации в десневой жидкости sIgA, что связано с появлением пародонтопатогенной микробиоты. На 5-е сут и 7-е сут после «сухой» иммерсии у 12 человек отмечено статистически значимое снижение скорости кровотока в микроциркуляторном русле тканей пародонта как нижней, так и верхней челюсти. У 6 человек наблюдалась морфофункциональная перестройка микроциркуляторного русла в виде дилатации емкостных сосудов (венул) с частичным обеднением капиллярного звена, что свидетельствует о реакции венулярной компоненты на моделируемую микрогравитацию. Заключение. Комплексное исследование показало предрасположенность тканей пародонта в условиях «сухой» иммерсии к развитию воспалительных заболеваний и снижению барьерных функций пародонта.Comprehensive evaluation of 20 male volunteers aged 19-26 was conducted during exposure to 5-day “dry” immersion (DI). The aim was to examine periodontal tissues in the conditions of 5-day “dry” immersion, specifically, to study the anaerobic component of periodontal microbiota, immunological parameters of the oral fluid, and blood flow velocity in the periodontal microcirculation (PMC). Methods. Microgravity was modeled with the 5-day DI. Evaluation of the condition of periodontal tissues included microbiological, immunological, and microcirculatory studies. The studies were performed on day 1 (baseline), day 5 of immersion (completion), and day 7 upon the end of immersion. All studies were performed in the fasting state, before toothbrushing, in the supine position in the immersion bath, and in the sitting position 7 days after the immersion. PMC was studied at the same time points as in the immunoglobulin study. Blood flow in periodontal tissues was measured using the high-frequency ultrasonic Doppler fluorimetry (HFUDF) with a Minimax-Doppler-K ultrasonic dopplerograph (St. Petersburg) with a continuous radiation sensor at an operating frequency of 20 MHz. Results. Five major periodontopathogenic bacteria (Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Tannerella forsythia, Prevotella intermedia, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Treponema denticola) emerged as a part of the periodontal microbiota during the experiment. An increased concentration of sIgA was observed in the gingival fluid, which was associated with the emergence of periodontopathogenic microbiota. On day 5 of SI and day 7 following SI, 12 subjects had a statistically significant decrease in blood flow velocity in PMC of both the lower and upper jaws. 6 subjects showed morphological and functional rearrangement of the PMC, including dilation of capacitance vessels (venules) with partial capillary depletion, which indicated a venular component response to the conditions of modeled microgravity. Conclusion. This comprehensive study showed predisposition of periodontal tissues to development of inflammatory diseases and impaired functioning of the periodontal barrier under the conditions of DI.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
Nagaraj B Kalburgi ◽  
Arati C Koregol ◽  
Ruchita S Patil ◽  
Tejashwini Puttarevanna

Periodontitis is primarily an infectious disease with Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans present in plaque biofilm as the key pathogens, causing destruction of supporting periodontal tissues. Herbal formulations are widely substituting synthetic anti-microbials due to their minimal adverse effects and cost effectiveness. Murraya koenigii (M. koenigii) is a well-known anti-microbial agent used in treating systemic infections. Hence its anti-microbial efficacy against key periodontal pathogens also needs to be tested. The aim of this study is to determine Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC), and zone of inhibition of M. koenigii ethanolic extract against P. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans. Thioglycollate agar was used for culturing both P. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans. For determination of MIC and MBC broth dilution technique was used. For MIC, serial dilutions of extract were made and culture tubes were incubated in an anaerobic jar and observed for their turbidity. For MBC determination, dilution tubes sensitive to MIC were plated and incubated for the next 24 hours to monitor growth, and colony count was taken. MIC results showed A. actinomycetemcomitans was more sensitive to M. koenigii extract than P. gingivalis and got inhibited at 0.8 μg/ml. Also, MBC results showed extract has strong bactericidal activity towards A. actinomycetemcomitans. Disk diffusion test results showed bactericidal activity against both A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis with a larger inhibition zone (15 mm) towards P. gingivalis at a concentration of 75 μl/ml. M. koenigii ethanolic extract is bactericidal against periodontal pathogens like A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis and can be used as a safe and effective alternative for synthetic chemotherapeutic agents in the future.


2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Munaz Mulla ◽  
Mushir Mulla ◽  
Shashikanth Hegde ◽  
Ajit V. Koshy

Abstract Background Probiotics affect both the development and stability of microbiota by altering the colonization of pathogens and thus helps in stimulating the immune system of the individual. The aim of the present study is to assess the effect of probiotics on peri-implantitis microflora, by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Lactobacillus reuteri, that can be effectively administered as an antimicrobial agent on specific peri-implantitis pathogens. Hence, this study will be helpful in finding the MIC of L. Reuteri that can be effectively administered as an antimicrobial agent on specific peri-implantitis pathogens. Methods This experimental research was conducted on patients visiting the periodontology department in M. A. Rangoonwala college of dental sciences and research centre. Sub-gingival plaque samples were collected from peri-implantitis patients to identify various peri-implantitis microorganisms. The identified microorganisms were compared to each other and Chi-Square test was used to calculate statistical significance. The isolated microorganisms were subjected to the effect of probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri in-vitro. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was assessed using serial dilution method. Results The research results showed the presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Prevotella intermedia, Streptococcus salivaris and Staphylococcus aureus in the subgingival samples from peri-implantitis patients. Statistically, significantly higher proportion of samples had Porphyromonas gingivalis. When subjected to the effect of L. reuteri, all the microorganisms were affected by L.reuteri except Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Conclusion This study provides the various MIC value for each isolated pathogen against L.reuteri. The authors recommend to avoid using standard guidelines for probiotic dose in the treatment of peri-implant infections as the antimicrobial profile is different for each periodontal pathogen.


2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Ferena Sayar ◽  
Roya Shariatmadar Ahmadi ◽  
Mostafa Montazeri

Background. In the course of periodontal diseases, polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) produce oxidative agents and free radicals, thus triggering oxidant-antioxidant disequilibrium in the saliva. Due to the reduction of antioxidant protective effect, oxidative stress is induced, destroying periodontal tissues. This study aimed to investigate the consequences of the non-surgical phase of periodontal therapy on the level ofsalivary antioxidantsin patients with generalized moderate-to-severe chronic periodontitis. Methods. Un-stimulated salivary samples were collected from 43 patients with generalized moderate-to-severe chronic periodontitis for 5 minutes. Clinical parameters, including clinical attachment loss (CAL), bleeding on probing (BoP) and pocket depth (PD), were recorded in each tooth and subsequently, scaling and root planing (SRP) was carried out. After four weeks, salivary samples were collected once again, and the above-mentioned clinical parameters were recorded. Following centrifugation and freezing at a temperature of -80°C, salivary samples were examined simultaneously in a single day, and the level of their antioxidants was measured with ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) method using a spectrophotometer. Results. The concentration of salivary antioxidants significantly increased four weeks following the non-surgical periodontal therapy (P<0.0001). Moreover, the clinical parameters of CAL, BoP and PD showed a significant decrease in 4 weeks as well (P<0.0001). Conclusion. The level of salivary antioxidants in patients with generalized moderate to severe chronic periodontitis significantly increased after etiotropic periodontal therapy, indicating the possible beneficial influence of periodontal therapy on the level of salivary antioxidants in patients suffering from periodontitis.


2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. G. Atrushkevich ◽  
L. Yu. Orekhova ◽  
O. O. Yanushevich ◽  
E. Yu. Sokolova ◽  
E. S. Loboda

Relevance: to indentify if periodontal treatment which is presented by photoactivated disinfection (PAD) adjunctively to scaling and root planing (SRP) yield better outcomes than ozone therapy as an adjunct to SRP in periodontitis.Materials and methods: we examined 57 (mean age 49,3 ± 1,02) patients with chronic periodontitis, divided into groups, SRP + PAD, SRP + ozone therapy and SRP alone. Subgingival plaque samples were subjected to DNA extraction and real time PCR amplifcation for detection Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Prevotella intermedia (Pi), Tannerella forsythensis (Tf), Treponema denticola (Td), Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa). The amount of periodontopathogens and clinical parameters including plaque index, clinical attachment loss, pocket depth, bleeding on probing were measured at baseline, after 40, 90 and 180 days.Results: the results in groups of PAD+SRP and ozone therapy+SRP showed an improvement in all clinical parameters PI, BOP, PD, CAL and the quantity of Pg, Td and Tf compared to the control group during an observation period.Conclusion: the results showed additional benefts from PAD and ozone therapy as an adjunctive treatment to SRP for patients of chronic periodontitis.


Author(s):  
S.S.Sai Karthikeyan

Background: Several methods have been employed for diagnosing inflammatory conditions including biomarkers, enzymes and various other clinical parameters. Dermatoglyphics is one such field which has gained entry in Forensic Medicine, Forensic Odontology and in General Medicine for diagnosing chronic inflammatory conditions. Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory condition associated with destruction of periodontal tissues. This study aimed to assess the relationship between the fingerprint patterns and chronic periodontitis Methods: A total of 60 patients, belonging to both healthy and chronic periodontitis subjects were assessed by a commercially available fingerprint scanner. All the fingerprint images were assessed for the fingerprint pattern and the ridge count manually. The results were tabulated as percentage frequency distribution for the type of fingerprint pattern. The ridge count is shown as mean ± SD. Unpaired t test was applied to test for statistical significance. Results: The frequency distribution showed equal percentage of Radial Loop type of fingerprint pattern in subjects of both Health and Chronic Periodontitis. Statistical analysis showed Plain Whorl type of fingerprint pattern more significant in subjects having Chronic Periodontitis Conclusion: It was concluded that there might be a relationship between type of fingerprint pattern to the chances of a person having Chronic Periodontitis.


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