scholarly journals The effects of different anesthesia techniques on free radical production after tourniquet-induced ischemia-reperfusion injury at children's age

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (8) ◽  
pp. 659-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Budic ◽  
Dusica Pavlovic ◽  
Tatjana Cvetkovic ◽  
Nina Djordjevic ◽  
Dusica Simic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Regional Anesthesia ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Orthopedic Procedures ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tourniquet Release ◽  
American Society

Background/Aim. Reperfusion of previously ischemic tissue leads to injuries mediated by reactive oxygen species. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of different anesthesia techniques on oxidative stress caused by tourniquetinduced ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury during extremity operations at children's age. Methods. The study included 45 patients American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification I or II, 8 to 17 years of age, undergoing orthopedic procedures that required bloodless limb surgery. The children were randomized into three groups of 15 patients each: general inhalational anesthesia with sevoflurane (group S), total intravenous anesthesia with propofol (group T) and regional anesthesia (group R). Venous blood samples were obtained at four time points: before peripheral nerve block and induction of general anesthesia (baseline), 1 min before tourniquet release (BTR), 5 and 20 min after tourniquet release (ATR). Postischemic reperfusion injury was estimated by measurement of concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) in plasma and erythrocytes as well as catalase (CAT) activity. Results. Plasma MDA concentration in the group S was significantly higher at 20 min ATR in comparison with the groups T and R (6.78 ? 0.33 ?molL-1-1 vs 4.07 ? 1.53 and 3.22 ? 0.9. ?molL-1-1, respectively). There was a significant difference in MDA concentration in erytrocythes between the groups S and T after 5 min of reperfusion (5.88 ? 0.88 vs 4.27 ? 1.04 nmol/mlEr, p < 0.05). Although not statistically significant, CAT activity was slightly increased as compared to baseline in both groups S and R. In the group T, CAT activity decreased at all time points when compared with baseline, but the observed decrease was only statistically significant at BTR (34.70 ? 9.27 vs 39.69 ? 12.91 UL-1, p < 0.05). Conclusion. Continuous propofol infusion and regional anesthesia techniques attenuate lipid peroxidation and IR injury connected with tourniquet application in pediatric extremity surgery.

scholarly journals Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress and Endothelial Dysfunction After Tourniquet Release in Children

2011 ◽  
pp. S137-S145
Author(s):  
I. BUDIC ◽  
D. PAVLOVIC ◽  
G. KOCIC ◽  
T. CVETKOVIC ◽  
D. SIMIC ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Regional Anesthesia ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Total Intravenous Anesthesia ◽  
Inhalational Anesthesia ◽  
Intravenous Anesthesia ◽  
Tourniquet Release

Pneumatic tourniquets are widely used in pediatric extremity surgery to provide a bloodless field and facilitate dissection. This prospective study was carried out to examine possible effect of different anesthesia techniques on oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction connected with ischemia-reperfusion injury during extremity operations at children's age. Patients were randomized into three groups of 15 patients each: general inhalational anesthesia with sevoflurane (group S), total intravenous anesthesia with propofol (group T) and regional anesthesia (group R). Venous blood samples for determination of the malondialdehyde in plasma and erythrocytes, protein carbonyl groups concentration as well as plasma nitrites and nitrates level and xanthine oxidase activity were obtained at four time points: before peripheral nerve block and induction of general anesthesia (baseline), 1 min before tourniquet release, 5 and 20 min after tourniquet release. This study demonstrates that total intravenous anesthesia with propofol and regional anesthesia techniques provide better antioxidant defense and reduce endothelial dysfunction than general inhalational anesthesia with sevoflurane during tourniquet application in pediatric extremity surgery.

scholarly journals Benefit of HSP90α intervention on ischemia-reperfusion injury of venous blood-congested flaps

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
XIAO-YING HU ◽  
ZHEN-YU CHEN ◽  
BIN ZHANG ◽  
XIANG-FENG LENG ◽  
XIAO-JIAN FAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Venous Blood

scholarly journals Exosomes Derived from CXCR4-Overexpressing BMSC Promoted Activation of Microvascular Endothelial Cells in Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Xutong Li ◽  
Ye Zhang ◽  
Yong Wang ◽  
Dan Zhao ◽  
Chengcheng Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Tube Formation ◽  
Microvascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Microvascular Endothelial

Background. Ischemic stroke is a severe acute cerebrovascular disease which can be improved with neuroprotective therapies at an early stage. However, due to the lack of effective neuroprotective drugs, most stroke patients have varying degrees of long-term disability. In the present study, we investigated the role of exosomes derived from CXCR4-overexpressing BMSCs in restoring vascular function and neural repair after ischemic cerebral infarction. Methods. BMSCs were transfected with lentivirus encoded by CXCR4 (BMSCCXCR4). Exosomes derived from BMSCCXCR4 (ExoCXCR4) were isolated and characterized by transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering. Western blot and qPCR were used to analyze the expression of CXCR4 in BMSCs and exosomes. The acute middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model was prepared, ExoCXCR4 were injected into the rats, and behavioral changes were analyzed. The role of ExoCXCR4 in promoting the proliferation and tube formation for angiogenesis and protecting brain endothelial cells was determined in vitro. Results. Compared with the control groups, the ExoCXCR4 group showed a significantly lower mNSS score at 7 d, 14 d, and 21 d after ischemia/reperfusion ( P < 0.05 ). The bEnd.3 cells in the ExoCXCR4 group have stronger proliferation ability than other groups ( P < 0.05 ), while the CXCR4 inhibitor can reduce this effect. Exosomes control (ExoCon) can significantly promote the migration of bEnd.3 cells ( P < 0.05 ), while there was no significant difference between the ExoCXCR4 and ExoCon groups ( P > 0.05 ). ExoCXCR4 can further promote the proliferation and tube formation for the angiogenesis of the endothelium compared with ExoCon group ( P < 0.05 ). In addition, cobalt chloride (COCl2) can increase the expression of β-catenin and Wnt-3, while ExoCon can reduce the expression of these proteins ( P < 0.05 ). ExoCXCR4 can further attenuate the activation of Wnt-3a/β-catenin pathway ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusions. In ischemia/reperfusion injury, ExoCXCR4 promoted the proliferation and tube formation of microvascular endothelial cells and play an antiapoptotic role via the Wnt-3a/β-catenin pathway.

scholarly journals Hydrogen sulfide-mediated cardioprotection against ischemia reperfusion is linked to KATP channel for mitochondrial preservation but not for its distinct preference on interfibrillar mitochondria

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyadharshini Chandrasekaran ◽  
Sriram Ravindran ◽  
Sri Rahavi Boovarahan ◽  
Gino A. Kurian
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Katp Channel ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Rat Hearts ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Interfibrillar Mitochondria ◽  
Subsarcolemmal Mitochondria

Hydrogen sulfide has been shown to protect  myocardium against ischemia-reperfusion injury by preserving interfibrillar mitochondria functional activi-ties than subsarcolemmal mitochondria. In this study, the role of the KATP channel in modulating the mitochondrial subpopulations during the cardioprotection mediated by NaSH (H2S donor) was investigated. Isolated rat hearts were treated with mitochondrial KATP channel closer glibenclamide (10 μM)/opener diazoxide (0.8 mM) via Langendorff perfusion apparatus before ischemia-reperfusion. The results showed that NaSH pre-conditioning in presence of glibenclamide significantly improved cardiac recovery without any significant difference between interfibrillar mitochondria and subsarcolemmal mitochondria.  In conclusion, targeting KATP channel may not be good option to target interfibrillar mitochondria/subsarcolemmal mitochondria against ischemia-reperfusion injury.

scholarly journals Lymphocyte-specific deletion of IKK2 or NEMO mediates an increase in intrarenal Th17 cells and accelerates renal damage in an ischemia-reperfusion injury mouse model

2016 ◽  
Vol 311 (5) ◽  
pp. F1005-F1014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linlin Guo ◽  
Hannah Heejung Lee ◽  
María de las Mercedes Noriega ◽  
Hans J. Paust ◽  
Gunther Zahner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Disease ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Th17 Cells ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
T Cell Response ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Specific Deletion

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with poor patient outcome and a global burden for end-stage renal disease. Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is one of the major causes of AKI, and experimental work has revealed many details of the inflammatory response in the kidney, such as activation of the NF-κB pathway. Here, we investigated whether deletion of the NF-κB kinases IKK2 or NEMO in lymphocytes or systemic inhibition of IKK2 would cause different kidney inflammatory responses after IRI induction. Serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level, and renal tubular injury score were significantly increased in CD4creIKK2f/f (CD4xIKK2Δ) and CD4creNEMOf/f (CD4xNEMOΔ) mice compared with CD4cre mice after IRI induction. The frequency of Th17 cells infiltrating the kidneys of CD4xIKK2Δ or CD4xNEMOΔ mice was also significantly increased at all time points. CCL20, an important chemokine in Th17 cell recruitment, was significantly increased at early time points after the induction of IRI. IL-1β, TNF-α, and CCL2 were also significantly increased in different patterns. A specific IKK2 inhibitor, KINK-1, reduced BUN and serum creatinine compared with nontreated mice after IRI induction, but the frequency of kidney Th17 cells was also significantly increased. In conclusion, although systemic IKK2 inhibition improved kidney function, lymphocyte-specific deletion of IKK2 or NEMO aggravated kidney injury after IRI, and, in both conditions, the percentage of Th17 cells was increased. Our findings demonstrate the critical role of the NF-κB pathway in Th17 activation, which advises caution when using systemic IKK2 inhibitors in patients with kidney injury, since they might impair the T cell response and aggravate renal disease.

scholarly journals The effect of erythropoietin on alanine aminotransferase during ischemia reperfusion injury in rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Tsompos ◽  
C. Panoulis ◽  
K. Ïtutouzas ◽  
G. Zografos ◽  
A. Papalois
Keyword(s):  
Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
T Test ◽  
Experiment Study ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Paired T Test

The aim of this experiment study was the erythropoietin testing, on the rat model and particularly on ischemia reperfusion protocol. The benefit or the non effect of that molecule was studied biochemically on blood alanine aminotransferase. Material and methods 40 rats were used of mean weight 247,7 gr. Alanine aminotrans-ferase was measured at these time points: on 60 min after reperfusion (groups A and C), and on 120 min after reperfusion (groups B and D), A and B without but C and D with erythropoietin administration. Results were that 1) erythropoietin administration increased significantly the ALT by 15.2 IU/L [-0.6168546 IU - 31.01685 IU/L] (P= 0.0591), in accordance also with paired t-test (P=0.0480), 2) reperfusion time increased non significantly the ALT by 3.4 IU/L [-13.1482 IU - 19.9482 IU/L] (P= 0.6798), in accordance also with paired t-test (P= 0.5994), and 3) interaction with erythropoietin administration and reperfusion time increased non significantly the ALT levels by 3.581818 IU/L [-6.350404 IU-13.51404 IU/L] (P= 0.4698). Conclusions are that erythropoietin administration, reperfusion time and their interaction have non significant short-term increasing effects on alanine aminotransferase.

scholarly journals Influence of Gender on Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Lungs in an Animal Model

2016 ◽  
pp. 953-958 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. MRAZKOVA ◽  
R. LISCHKE ◽  
J. HERGET
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Lung Transplantation ◽  
Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Subsequent Treatment ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Significant Difference

As with other organ transplants even lung transplantation raises the question of the possibility of the influence of gender on ischemia-reperfusion injury. This is a current topic especially for increasingly utilized method of lung transplantation from non-heart-beating donors, where reperfusion preceded by a period of warm and cold ischemia with subsequent treatment options for lung graft reperfusion. For measurements we used our laboratory previously created and validated animal model for ex vivo lung transplantation. As with other organ systems of our monitoring resulted protective effect of female sex on ischemia reperfusion lung injury. In two of the three parameters that were monitored, we found a significant difference. In females, higher oxygen transfer ability after reperfusion was manifested as well as lower perfusion pressure (vascular compliance). Conversely, weight gain (the development of pulmonary edema) in males was not significant difference from the females. These conclusions could cause further studies leading to influence the selection of appropriate donor grafts.

scholarly journals Rolling in P-selectin-deficient mice is reduced but not eliminated in the dorsal skin

Blood ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 86 (9) ◽  
pp. 3487-3492 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Yamada ◽  
TN Mayadas ◽  
F Yuan ◽  
DD Wagner ◽  
RO Hynes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shear Rate ◽  
Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Dorsal Skin ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Deficient Mice

P-selectin-mediated rolling is believed to be important in the recruitment of leukocytes to tissue after ischemia-reperfusion injury. The dorsal skin chamber was used to examine differences in the rolling and stable adhesion of circulating leukocytes in subcutaneous (SC) vessels of P-selectin-deficient and age-matched wild-type mice, both under basal conditions and after ischemia-reperfusion. Rolling in the postcapillary venules in SC tissue of P-selectin-deficient mice was significantly lower than that in wild-type mice under the basal conditions and post-ischemia-reperfusion (P < .05), but was not eliminated by the deletion of the P-selectin gene. No significant difference between P-selectin-deficient and wild-type mice in shear rate or leukocyte-endothelial adhesion was observed up to 24 hours after ischemia-reperfusion. These results show that P-selectin-mediated rolling is not a prerequisite for ischemia-reperfusion-induced leukocyte-endothelial adhesion in the skin.

Electro-acupuncture on Nei Guan and Bai Hui: How Does It Affect GRP78 and Caspase-12 Gene Expression in Rats with Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-69
Author(s):  
Jing Shen ◽  
Xiao-Ming Lei ◽  
Yang Song ◽  
Xing Tan ◽  
Qin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Tunel Staining ◽  
Caspase 12 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Operation Group

Abstract Objective: To observe the effects of electro-acupuncture (EA) on GRP78 and Caspase-12 gene expression in rats with ischemia- reperfusion injury (IRI) by stimulation on Nei Guan (PC6) and Bai Hui (GV20) points, so that to understand whether or not the protective effects of acupuncture is related to endocytoplasmic reticulum (ER) stressapoptosis passage. Methods: 50 rats were randomly assigned to five groups (10 in each group): normal control(A), pseudo-operation(B), operation(C), Edaravone(D) and EA(E). The ischemia/reperfusion model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was established by suture embolic method. TUNEL staining method was employed to measure the apoptosis index of nerve cells in rats. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was employed to measure the mRNA expression of GRP78 and Caspase-12. Results: Compared with normal group and pseudo-operation group, the apoptosis indexes and mRNA expression of GRP78 and Caspase-12 in operation group, Edaravone group and EA group were increased, with statistical significance（P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）; compared with operation group, the apoptosis indexes and Caspase-12 mRNA expression in Edaravone group and EA group were decreased（P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）, but GRP78 mRNA expression were increased（P＜0.01）; there were no significant difference between Edaravone group and EA group on the above indexes（P＞0.05). Conclusion: Acupuncture on Nei Guan and Bai Hui points could effectively suppress the nerve cell apoptosis in cerebral ischemia. The underlying mechanism might be related to upregulation of the ERS-protective GRP78 expression and downregulation of apoptosis-promotion Caspase-12 expression.

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